Manners: 20 TOPIK II reading passages, each with translated sentences and comprehension questions.
🌱 Taking Turns at the Community Garden
우리 아파트 뒤편에는 주민들이 함께 가꾸는 작은 공동 텃밭이 있어요.
Behind our apartment building there is a small community garden that the residents tend together.
그런데 여름이 되자 물을 주는 사람만 계속 주고, 수확은 모두가 똑같이 가져가는 일이 생겼어요.
But when summer came, only the same people kept watering while everyone took an equal share of the harvest.
불만이 쌓이던 어느 날, 남편이 관리실에 다녀와서 “텃밭 대표가 물 주는 순번을 정하자데.”라고 전해 줬어요.
One day, as complaints were piling up, my husband came back from the management office and told me, “The garden rep says we should set up a watering rota.”
처음에는 번거롭다며 반대하는 이웃도 몇 명 있었어요.
At first, a few neighbors objected, saying it would be a hassle.
하지만 회의에서 각자 사정에 맞게 요일을 고를 수 있게 하자 반대하던 이웃들도 곧 마음을 바꿨어요.
But once the meeting let everyone choose a day that suited their schedule, those neighbors soon changed their minds.
순번표가 게시판에 붙은 뒤로는 물을 못 주는 날이면 서로 미리 부탁하는 문화도 생겼어요.
After the rota was posted on the bulletin board, a habit also formed of asking each other in advance on days someone couldn't water.
저는 공평한 규칙이 오히려 이웃 사이의 부담을 덜어 준다는 걸 그때 알게 됐어요.
That was when I realized that fair rules can actually lighten the burden between neighbors.
Who suggested setting up a watering rota?
- The garden representative ✓
- The writer's husband
- A management office worker
- A neighbor who had objected
Why did the neighbors who objected change their minds?
- They would get more of the harvest
- The office set a fine
- They could choose their own day ✓
- They no longer had to water
Which of the following matches the passage?
- The garden is in front of the building
- After the rota, people asked each other ahead ✓
- All neighbors agreed from the start
- The rota is posted only in the office
🍲 When Volunteers Cancel at the Last Minute
제가 속한 봉사 동아리는 매주 토요일마다 무료 급식소에서 배식을 도와요.
The volunteer club I belong to helps serve meals at a free soup kitchen every Saturday.
그런데 요즘 전날 밤에 갑자기 못 온다고 연락하는 회원이 부쩍 늘었어요.
Lately, though, more and more members have been suddenly messaging the night before to say they can't come.
사람이 모자라면 남은 회원들이 두 배로 뛰어야 하고, 식사가 늦게 나간 적도 있었어요.
When we're short of people, the remaining members have to work twice as hard, and meals have sometimes gone out late.
결국 임시 회의가 열렸고, 회원들은 벌금을 걷자든지 참석 명단을 공개하자든지 저마다 의견을 내놓았어요.
In the end, an emergency meeting was held, and members each put forward ideas: some said we should collect fines, others that we should make the attendance list public.
의외로 가장 많은 공감을 얻은 건 벌금도 공개도 아닌 대타 제도였어요.
Surprisingly, what won the most support was neither fines nor disclosure, but a substitute system.
못 오게 된 사람이 직접 대신 올 사람을 구하고, 구하지 못하면 적어도 사흘 전에는 알리기로 한 거예요.
Anyone who can't come finds a replacement themselves, and if they can't, they must let us know at least three days ahead.
규칙을 바꾼 지 두 달이 지나자 갑작스러운 취소가 눈에 띄게 줄었어요.
Two months after the rule changed, sudden cancellations dropped noticeably.
사람을 벌하기보다 책임을 나누는 방식이 더 효과적일 수 있다는 걸 배웠어요.
I learned that sharing responsibility can work better than punishing people.
What method was finally decided at the meeting?
- Collecting fines for absences
- Making the attendance list public
- Meeting less often
- Finding a replacement oneself ✓
Why was the emergency meeting held?
- More members were suddenly not showing up ✓
- The soup kitchen closed
- There were too many new members
- The menu had to be changed
What is the writer's main message?
- Volunteer groups need fines
- Attendance lists should always be public
- Volunteer only when you have time
- Sharing responsibility beats punishment ✓
🧊 The Rule Maker's Forgotten Lunchbox
우리 사무실 공용 냉장고는 늘 주인 없는 음식으로 가득 차 있었어요.
The shared fridge in our office was always packed with food nobody claimed.
보다 못한 제가 회의 시간에 금요일마다 이름 없는 음식은 버리자고 제안했어요.
Unable to stand it any longer, I proposed at a meeting that we throw out any unlabeled food every Friday.
모두 찬성했고, 저는 첫 번째 정리 담당을 자청했어요.
Everyone agreed, and I volunteered to be the first one in charge of cleaning it out.
그런데 금요일 오후, 냉장고 맨 안쪽에서 몇 주 전에 넣어 둔 제 반찬 통이 곰팡이가 핀 채로 나왔어요.
But on Friday afternoon, my own side-dish container, put there weeks earlier, turned up moldy at the very back of the fridge.
옆에 있던 동료가 “이름 없는 건 다 버리자며, 이건 누구 거야?”라고 놀리듯 물었어요.
A coworker next to me teased, “Weren't you the one who said to toss everything without a name? So whose is this?”
얼굴이 빨개진 저는 그 자리에서 사과하고 반찬 통을 깨끗이 씻었어요.
Red-faced, I apologized on the spot and washed the container clean.
그 뒤로 다른 사람에게 규칙을 요구하기 전에 제 행동부터 돌아보게 됐어요.
Since then, I've made a point of looking at my own behavior before asking others to follow rules.
규칙을 만든 사람이 먼저 지켜야 규칙에 힘이 생긴다는 걸 몸소 배운 셈이에요.
I learned firsthand that a rule only gains force when the person who made it follows it first.
What did the writer propose at the meeting?
- Buying another shared fridge
- Regularly throwing out unlabeled food ✓
- Not bringing food to the office
- Coworkers taking turns making side dishes
Why did the coworker tease the writer?
- The writer refused to clean up
- The writer ate someone else's food
- The proposer's own food had been left ✓
- The shared fridge suddenly broke
What is the main idea of this passage?
- Rule makers should follow rules first ✓
- Shared fridges should be removed
- Teasing coworkers is rude
- Food should be cleared out daily
📵 The No-Phones-at-Dinner Promise
우리 가족은 올해 초에 식사 시간에는 휴대폰을 멀리 두기로 약속했어요.
At the start of this year, my family promised to keep our phones away during meals.
이 규칙을 처음 꺼낸 사람은 대화가 줄어든 게 늘 아쉽다던 아버지였어요.
The person who first brought up this rule was my father, who always said he missed how much we used to talk.
처음 몇 주 동안은 식탁에서 오랜만에 학교와 회사 이야기가 오갔어요.
For the first few weeks, stories about school and work went around the table for the first time in ages.
그런데 어느 날 저녁, 아버지가 식탁 밑으로 몰래 휴대폰을 들여다보고 계셨어요.
But one evening, my father was secretly looking at his phone under the table.
막내가 “밥 먹을 때는 휴대폰 보지 말자면서 아빠는 왜 봐요?”라고 묻자 식탁이 조용해졌어요.
When my youngest sibling asked, “Didn't you say we shouldn't look at phones while eating? So why are you, Dad?”, the table went quiet.
아버지는 급한 회사 연락이었다고 설명하시면서도 먼저 규칙을 어긴 걸 인정하셨어요.
My father explained that it was an urgent work message, but he still admitted that he had broken the rule first.
그날 이후 우리는 정말 급한 연락은 식탁을 떠나서 받는다는 예외 규정을 하나 더 만들었어요.
After that day, we added an exception: truly urgent messages are answered away from the table.
규칙은 지키는 것만큼 현실에 맞게 다듬는 것도 중요하다는 걸 느꼈어요.
I felt that adjusting a rule to fit reality is just as important as keeping it.
Who first proposed the phone rule for mealtimes?
- The youngest child
- The father ✓
- The writer
- The mother
Why did the table go quiet?
- The father scolded the youngest harshly
- Bad news came from work
- The youngest pointed out the father's contradiction ✓
- The whole family was on their phones
Which of the following matches the passage?
- The family dropped the phone rule entirely
- The father never admitted his mistake
- The rule was made at the end of last year
- Urgent calls are taken away from the table ✓
📚 Saving Seats at the Library
시험 기간이 되면 우리 학교 도서관은 아침부터 자리 전쟁이 벌어져요.
When exam season comes, a battle for seats breaks out at our school library from early morning.
저도 친구들 몫까지 가방과 책을 올려 두고 자리를 맡아 두곤 했어요.
I used to save seats too, putting bags and books down even for my friends.
그날도 빈자리에 책만 놓아둔 채 친구들을 기다리고 있었어요.
That day, too, I was waiting for my friends with only books left on the empty seats.
그때 한 학생이 다가와 여기 정말 사람이 있느냔 말을 조심스럽게 건넸어요.
Then a student came over and carefully asked whether someone was really sitting there.
친구들은 아직 집에서 출발도 하지 않은 상태라 저는 선뜻 대답하지 못했어요.
My friends hadn't even left home yet, so I couldn't bring myself to answer.
결국 저는 친구들 자리를 비워 주었고, 그 학생은 고맙다며 조용히 앉았어요.
In the end, I cleared my friends' seats, and the student thanked me and quietly sat down.
알고 보니 도서관 규칙에도 자리를 대신 맡아 두는 행동은 금지되어 있었어요.
It turned out that the library rules also banned saving seats for others.
편하다는 이유로 당연하게 여기던 습관이 누군가에게는 불공평한 일이었던 거예요.
A habit I had taken for granted because it was convenient had been unfair to someone else.
What did the student ask the writer?
- Whether someone was really sitting there ✓
- What time the library opens
- When the exams start
- Where to put a bag
Why couldn't the writer answer right away?
- The writer didn't know the student
- Talking wasn't allowed in the library
- The friends hadn't left home yet ✓
- The writer had no seat of their own
What can we learn from this passage?
- The friends arrived soon after
- Library rules ban saving seats ✓
- The student went to another seat
- The library isn't crowded during exams
📱 A Phone Found on the Playground
지난달 동네 놀이터 벤치에서 주인 없는 휴대폰 하나를 발견했어요.
Last month, I found an unattended phone on a bench at the neighborhood playground.
잠금 화면 때문에 연락처를 볼 수 없어서 저는 가까운 파출소에 휴대폰을 맡겼어요.
Because of the lock screen I couldn't see any contacts, so I left the phone at the nearby police box.
경찰관의 부탁으로 제 연락처를 남겨 두었더니, 며칠 뒤 주인인 할아버지가 집으로 전화를 하셨어요.
At the officer's request I left my number, and a few days later the owner, an elderly man, called my home.
전화를 받은 어머니가 “할아버지가 너한테 뭘 선물하면 좋겠냔다.”라고 전해 주셨어요.
My mother, who took the call, told me, “The grandpa is asking what you'd like as a gift.”
휴대폰 안에는 돌아가신 할머니의 사진이 가득해서 할아버지께는 무척 소중한 물건이었대요.
I heard the phone was full of photos of his late wife, so it was very precious to him.
저는 당연한 일을 했을 뿐이라며 선물은 정중히 사양했어요.
Saying I had only done what anyone should, I politely declined the gift.
대신 할아버지는 앞으로 누가 잃어버린 물건을 보면 꼭 주인을 찾아 주겠다고 약속하셨어요.
Instead, the elderly man promised that whenever he found a lost item, he would be sure to find its owner.
작은 친절이 또 다른 친절로 이어진다는 생각에 마음이 따뜻해졌어요.
The thought that one small kindness leads to another warmed my heart.
What did the writer do after finding the phone?
- Unlocked the phone
- Left it on the playground bench
- Went to the man's house in person
- Left it at a nearby police box ✓
Why was the phone precious to the elderly man?
- It held many photos of his late wife ✓
- It was an expensive new phone
- It was a gift from a grandchild
- It had important work contacts
Which of the following matches the passage?
- The writer took the man's call directly
- The man met the writer at the police box
- The writer received a book as a gift
- The writer declined the man's gift ✓
🩺 Mistaken for a Doctor
제 대학 동기 하준이는 종합 병원에서 일하는 남자 간호사예요.
My college classmate Hajun is a male nurse who works at a general hospital.
얼마 전 오랜만에 만난 자리에서 하준이가 요즘 겪는 일을 털어놓았어요.
When we met recently for the first time in a while, Hajun opened up about what he's been going through.
“오늘도 환자분이 나더러 의사 선생님이냬.”라며 하준이는 쓴웃음을 지었어요.
“Another patient asked me today if I was the doctor,” Hajun said with a bitter smile.
하얀 가운을 입은 남자는 의사일 거라고 생각하는 사람이 아직도 많다는 거예요.
He said many people still assume that a man in a white coat must be a doctor.
반대로 여자 의사인 동료는 간호사로 오해받아 설명을 되풀이해야 할 때가 많대요.
Conversely, he said his female colleague who is a doctor is often mistaken for a nurse and has to explain herself again and again.
하준이는 그때마다 기분 상해하기보다는 자신의 역할을 차분히 설명한다고 했어요.
Hajun said that each time, rather than getting upset, he calmly explains his role.
그 말을 듣고 저 역시 겉모습만으로 누군가의 직업을 짐작한 적이 있었다는 게 떠올랐어요.
Hearing that, I remembered that I too had guessed someone's job from appearance alone.
사소해 보이는 편견도 매일 반복되면 누군가에게는 큰 피로가 될 수 있어요.
Even a bias that seems trivial can become a heavy burden for someone when it's repeated every day.
What question did Hajun get from a patient?
- Why he became a nurse
- Whether he was the doctor ✓
- Where the hospital was
- How many years he had worked
Why does the female doctor colleague have to keep explaining?
- Patients don't listen well
- She doesn't wear a white coat
- She is often mistaken for a nurse ✓
- She is new at the hospital
What is the writer's main message?
- Small biases can wear people down ✓
- It is hard for men to become nurses
- Hospitals should change coat colors
- Patients should only ask doctors
🧾 Owning Up at the Bakery Register
대학 시절 저는 동네 빵집에서 저녁마다 계산 아르바이트를 했어요.
In college, I worked evenings as a part-time cashier at a neighborhood bakery.
어느 날 마감 정산을 하는데 금고의 돈이 영수증 합계보다 만 원이나 적었어요.
One day, while doing the closing count, the cash in the register was a full ten thousand won short of the receipt total.
곰곰이 생각해 보니 손님께 거스름돈을 만 원 더 내준 기억이 떠올랐어요.
Thinking it over carefully, I remembered giving a customer ten thousand won too much in change.
다음 날 사장님이 어제 정산이 왜 안 맞았냬서 저는 제 실수라고 솔직하게 말씀드렸어요.
The next day, the owner asked why yesterday's count didn't match, so I honestly told him it was my mistake.
월급에서 그 돈이 깎일 각오까지 했는데, 사장님은 오히려 솔직하게 말해 줘서 고맙다고 하셨어요.
I was even prepared to have that money docked from my pay, but the owner instead thanked me for being honest.
그리고 그날 오후, 거스름돈을 더 받은 손님이 직접 만 원을 돌려주러 가게에 오셨어요.
And that afternoon, the customer who had gotten too much change came to the shop in person to return the ten thousand won.
사장님은 그 손님에게 빵 한 봉지를 챙겨 드리며 정직한 사람들 덕분에 장사할 맛이 난다고 웃으셨어요.
The owner gave the customer a bag of bread and laughed, saying honest people are what make running a shop worthwhile.
그 일로 저는 실수보다 그것을 감추는 태도가 더 큰 문제라는 걸 배웠어요.
From that, I learned that hiding a mistake is a bigger problem than the mistake itself.
Why didn't the count match?
- A customer left without paying
- Too much change was given ✓
- A receipt was misprinted
- The owner took money out
Why did the owner thank the writer?
- The writer paid back the shortfall
- The writer tracked down the customer
- The writer didn't hide the mistake ✓
- The writer sold a lot of bread
Which of the following matches the passage?
- The writer's pay was docked
- The writer worked mornings
- The owner scolded the writer harshly
- The customer returned the money himself ✓
🌕 Too-Personal Questions at the Holidays
명절이 다가오면 저는 친척들을 만나는 반가움보다 걱정이 먼저 앞서요.
When the holidays approach, worry comes before the joy of seeing my relatives.
친척 어른들은 만나자마자 인사하듯 제 월급이 얼마냬요.
The moment we meet, my older relatives ask how much my salary is, as if it were a greeting.
걱정해서 하시는 말씀인 줄은 알지만, 들을 때마다 누군가와 비교당하는 기분이 들어요.
I know they say it out of concern, but every time I hear it, I feel like I'm being compared to someone.
요즘은 이런 사적인 질문을 조심하자는 목소리가 가족 안에서도 조금씩 나오고 있어요.
These days, voices calling for care with such personal questions are gradually being heard within families, too.
올해 우리 집에서는 큰아버지께서 먼저 성적, 월급, 결혼 이야기는 꺼내지 말자고 제안하셨어요.
This year in our family, my eldest uncle was the first to suggest that we not bring up grades, salaries or marriage.
대신 요즘 재미있게 본 책이나 여행 이야기를 나누었더니 분위기가 훨씬 편해졌어요.
Instead, we shared stories about books we'd enjoyed and trips, and the atmosphere became much more relaxed.
관심과 참견의 경계는 결국 상대가 그 질문을 반가워하는지에 달려 있는 것 같아요.
I think the line between interest and meddling depends, in the end, on whether the other person welcomes the question.
What do the older relatives usually ask the writer?
- How much the salary is ✓
- What books the writer has read
- Where the writer traveled
- When the writer will arrive
Why was this year's holiday atmosphere more relaxed?
- The relatives didn't gather this year
- The writer mentioned the salary first
- They talked about other things instead ✓
- The eldest uncle didn't come
What is the writer's main message?
- It's better not to see relatives at holidays
- The listener's welcome separates care from meddling ✓
- One must answer all elders' questions
- Salaries should be discussed only with friends
🔧 The Notice at the Tool Library
우리 동네 주민 센터 한쪽에는 주민들이 공구를 무료로 빌려 쓰는 공구 도서관이 있어요.
In one corner of our neighborhood community center there's a tool library where residents can borrow tools for free.
드릴이나 사다리처럼 가끔 필요하지만 사기에는 아까운 물건을 빌릴 수 있어서 인기가 많아요.
It's popular because you can borrow things like drills or ladders that you need only occasionally and don't want to buy.
그런데 한동안 흙이 묻거나 부품이 빠진 채로 돌아오는 공구가 늘어서 운영이 어려워졌어요.
For a while, though, more and more tools came back dirty or with parts missing, and running it became difficult.
그러자 관리하는 주민들이 입구에 “빌린 공구는 깨끗이 닦아서 반납할 것.”이라는 안내문을 붙였어요.
So the residents who run it put up a notice at the entrance: “Clean borrowed tools before returning them.”
동시에 반납할 때 부품 개수를 함께 확인하는 절차도 새로 생겼어요.
At the same time, a new step was added of checking the number of parts together upon return.
처음에는 번거롭다는 말도 있었지만 몇 달 뒤 고장 난 공구가 눈에 띄게 줄었어요.
At first some said it was a hassle, but a few months later, broken tools had noticeably decreased.
모두의 물건일수록 내 물건보다 더 조심히 다뤄야 오래 함께 쓸 수 있다는 걸 알게 됐어요.
I learned that the more something belongs to everyone, the more carefully we must handle it, even more than our own, so we can share it for a long time.
What did the notice say?
- Buy your own tools
- Borrow tools for one day only
- Ladders can't be borrowed
- Clean the tools before returning them ✓
Why did running the tool library become difficult?
- More tools came back dirty or incomplete ✓
- Fewer people borrowed tools
- The center moved elsewhere
- New tool prices rose too much
Which of the following matches the passage?
- The tool library charges a fee
- No one complained about the new rules
- Breakages rose after the notice
- Parts are now counted on return ✓
🚦 Grandpa Waits for the Green Light
우리 할아버지는 동네에서 교통 신호를 가장 잘 지키시는 분으로 유명해요.
My grandfather is known in the neighborhood as the person who obeys traffic signals most faithfully.
차가 한 대도 안 다니는 새벽에도 할아버지는 초록불이 켜질 때까지 건널목 앞에 서 계세요.
Even at dawn, when not a single car is on the road, he stands at the crosswalk until the light turns green.
어느 날 함께 시장에 가는데 사람들이 빨간불인데도 하나둘 길을 건너기 시작했어요.
One day, as we were going to the market together, people began crossing one by one even though the light was red.
제가 우리도 그냥 건너자고 하자 할아버지는 “남들이 다 건너도 나는 기다릴란다.”라고 하셨어요.
When I suggested we just cross too, Grandpa said, “Even if everyone else crosses, I'll wait.”
이유를 여쭈니 옆에서 보고 있는 아이들이 어른을 따라 배운다고 대답하셨어요.
When I asked why, he answered that children watching nearby learn by copying adults.
실제로 건너편에는 엄마 손을 잡은 꼬마가 할아버지를 빤히 바라보고 있었어요.
Sure enough, across the street a little kid holding Mom's hand was staring right at Grandpa.
그날 이후 저도 급할 때일수록 신호를 기다리는 버릇을 들이려고 노력하고 있어요.
Since that day, I've been trying to build the habit of waiting for the signal, especially when I'm in a hurry.
아무도 보지 않는 것 같아도 누군가는 늘 어른의 행동을 보고 배운다는 걸 알게 됐어요.
I realized that even when it seems no one is watching, someone is always learning from what adults do.
Why does the grandfather obey the signal?
- He doesn't want to pay a fine
- Children learn by watching adults ✓
- His legs hurt, so he walks slowly
- The market wasn't open yet
What was the signal when people started crossing?
- It was green
- The light was off
- It was red ✓
- It was flashing yellow
Which of the following matches the passage?
- The writer now tries to wait for signals too ✓
- Grandpa crosses freely at dawn
- The writer first suggested waiting
- The kid across was standing alone
🏡 Knowing When to Step Down
우리 시골 마을은 이십 년 가까이 같은 이장님이 마을 일을 맡아 오셨어요.
In our rural village, the same village head has handled village affairs for nearly twenty years.
이장님은 부지런하고 공정해서 주민들의 신뢰가 무척 두터웠어요.
He was hardworking and fair, so the residents trusted him deeply.
그런데 지난 연말 회의에서 이장님이 “이제 저는 젊은 사람들한테 자리를 넘길랍니다.”라고 하셨어요.
But at a meeting last year-end, he announced, “I intend to hand my position over to younger people now.”
모두가 놀라서 이유를 여쭈자, 한 사람이 너무 오래 맡으면 새로운 생각이 들어오기 어렵다고 하셨어요.
When everyone, surprised, asked why, he said that when one person holds the role too long, new ideas find it hard to come in.
그 뒤 마을에서는 처음으로 여러 후보가 나와 각자의 계획을 발표하는 선거가 열렸어요.
After that, for the first time the village held an election in which several candidates came forward and presented their plans.
새로 뽑힌 이장은 귀농한 지 오 년 된 삼십 대 주민이었어요.
The newly elected head was a resident in his thirties who had moved to the countryside to farm five years earlier.
전 이장님은 이제 뒤에서 조언만 하시면서 새 이장을 묵묵히 도와주고 계세요.
The former head now quietly supports the new one, only offering advice from behind the scenes.
물러날 때를 아는 것도 공동체를 위한 중요한 책임이라는 생각이 들어요.
I think knowing when to step back is also an important responsibility toward the community.
Why did the village head want to step down?
- His health suddenly got worse
- To let new ideas come in ✓
- He lost the residents' trust
- He was moving to another village
Who is the newly elected village head?
- The former head's son
- A resident of twenty years
- A resident who began farming there five years ago ✓
- A former head of another village
What is the main idea of this passage?
- The longer a head serves, the better
- Village elections should be abolished
- Only young people can be heads
- Knowing when to step down is a duty ✓
⏰ Breaking the Habit of Being Late
저는 오랫동안 약속 시간에 십 분쯤 늦는 것을 대수롭지 않게 여겼어요.
For a long time, I didn't think much of being about ten minutes late for appointments.
친구들도 웃어넘겨 주었기 때문에 그게 큰 문제라고는 생각하지 못했어요.
My friends just laughed it off, so I never thought of it as a big problem.
그런데 어느 날 면접 스터디 모임에서 한 선배가 조용히 저를 불러 이야기를 했어요.
But one day, at an interview study group, an older member quietly called me aside to talk.
선배는 약속에 자꾸 늦어 버릇하면 정작 중요한 날에도 늦게 된다고 충고했어요.
He advised me that if you get into the habit of being late, you'll end up late even on the days that really matter.
그 말이 마음에 걸렸던 저는 그 주에 약속 장소에 도착한 시간을 모두 적어 보았어요.
His words stuck with me, so that week I wrote down every time I arrived at an appointment.
기록을 보니 일곱 번의 약속 중 제시간에 도착한 건 단 한 번뿐이었어요.
Looking at the record, out of seven appointments I had arrived on time only once.
그 뒤로 저는 출발 시간을 약속 시간이 아니라 도착하고 싶은 시간에 맞춰 정하고 있어요.
Since then, I set my departure time based not on the appointment time but on when I want to arrive.
남의 시간을 존중하는 것이 곧 신뢰를 쌓는 첫걸음이라는 걸 이제야 알게 됐어요.
Only now have I realized that respecting other people's time is the first step toward building trust.
What did the older member advise the writer?
- Lateness habits carry over to key days ✓
- Quit the interview study group
- Make fewer plans with friends
- Choose closer meeting places
What did the writer learn from the record?
- Arrived early to every appointment
- Friends were late more often
- Arrived on time only once ✓
- Canceled all seven appointments
Which of the following matches the passage?
- Friends got very angry at the lateness
- The writer leaves based on the desired arrival time ✓
- The writer soon forgot the advice
- The older member scolded the writer publicly
🧤 Grandpa Changes His Mind About the Young
우리 외할아버지는 젊은 세대에 대해 늘 불만이 많으셨어요.
My maternal grandfather always had a lot of complaints about the younger generation.
뉴스를 보실 때마다 “요즘 젊은 애들은 게을러 빠졌어.”라며 혀를 차셨죠.
Every time he watched the news, he'd click his tongue and say, “Young people these days are hopelessly lazy.”
그런데 지난겨울, 할아버지 댁이 있는 산동네에 연탄 배달 봉사단이 찾아왔어요.
But last winter, a volunteer group delivering coal briquettes came to the hillside neighborhood where he lives.
봉사단원 대부분은 이십 대 대학생과 직장인이었어요.
Most of the volunteers were college students and office workers in their twenties.
그들은 가파른 골목을 오르내리며 하루 종일 수천 장의 연탄을 날랐어요.
They went up and down the steep alleys all day, carrying thousands of briquettes.
얼굴에 검은 가루를 묻힌 채 웃으며 인사하는 청년들을 보고 할아버지는 한참 말이 없으셨어요.
Seeing the young people greet him with smiles, their faces smudged with black dust, Grandpa was silent for a long while.
그날 저녁 할아버지는 한 세대를 한마디로 판단하는 건 옳지 않았다고 말씀하셨어요.
That evening, he said it had been wrong to judge a whole generation in a single word.
편견은 직접 만나 보는 경험 앞에서 가장 쉽게 무너지는 것 같아요.
I think prejudice crumbles most easily in the face of actually meeting people.
Who mostly made up the briquette delivery group?
- Seniors of Grandpa's age
- Residents of the hillside area
- Reporters from a TV station
- Students and workers in their twenties ✓
Which best explains why Grandpa was silent for a long time?
- His view of young people was shaken ✓
- The coal dust hurt his throat
- The volunteers didn't greet him
- He learned there weren't enough briquettes
What is the writer's main message?
- Young people really are lazy
- Briquettes should be delivered only in winter
- Only students can volunteer
- Prejudice breaks when you meet people ✓
🥫 The Sharing Fridge by the Market
우리 동네 시장 입구에는 누구나 음식을 넣고 가져갈 수 있는 나눔 냉장고가 있어요.
At the entrance to our neighborhood market there's a sharing fridge where anyone can leave or take food.
식당이나 가정에서 남는 음식을 깨끗하게 포장해 넣으면, 필요한 사람이 자유롭게 가져가요.
Restaurants and households neatly pack surplus food and put it in, and people who need it take it freely.
처음에는 한꺼번에 많이 가져가는 사람이 있을까 봐 걱정하는 목소리도 있었어요.
At first, some people worried that someone might take a lot all at once.
그래서 한 사람이 한 번에 두 개까지만 가져가자는 약속을 냉장고 문에 써 붙였어요.
So an agreement was posted on the fridge door: each person takes no more than two items at a time.
얼마 전 이사 온 한 할아버지는 냉장고를 보고 “이게 소문으로 듣던 나눔 냉장고로구먼요.”라며 반가워하셨어요.
An elderly man who recently moved in saw it and said happily, “Well, so this is the sharing fridge I've heard about.”
그다음 날 할아버지는 직접 담근 김치를 작은 통에 나누어 냉장고에 넣어 두셨어요.
The next day, he divided kimchi he had made himself into small containers and put them in the fridge.
받기만 하는 곳이 아니라 서로 조금씩 채워 가는 곳이라서 이 냉장고가 오래 유지되는 것 같아요.
I think this fridge lasts because it's not a place where people only take, but one they fill up a little at a time together.
How much can one person take from the fridge at a time?
- Only one item per person
- Up to two items per person ✓
- Up to three items per person
- As much as one wants
What did the elderly man do the next day?
- Took kimchi from the fridge
- Posted the agreement on the door
- Put his homemade kimchi in the fridge ✓
- Bought kimchi at the market
Which of the following matches the passage?
- The fridge lasts because people refill it ✓
- Only restaurants can use the fridge
- No one was worried at first
- The man has lived there for a long time
🍜 A Rude Customer at the Noodle Shop
점심시간이면 회사 근처 국숫집은 늘 손님으로 북적여요.
At lunchtime, the noodle shop near my office is always crowded with customers.
그날은 새로 온 아르바이트생이 혼자 주문을 받느라 정신이 없어 보였어요.
That day, a new part-timer looked frazzled, taking orders all alone.
한 손님은 왜 이렇게 늦게 나오느냐느니 물은 왜 안 주느냐느니 하며 계속 큰 소리로 재촉했어요.
One customer kept loudly hurrying him, asking why the food was taking so long and why he hadn't been given water.
아르바이트생은 연신 고개를 숙이며 죄송하다는 말만 되풀이했어요.
The part-timer kept bowing his head, repeating only that he was sorry.
그러자 옆자리의 한 할머니가 “다들 바쁜데 조금만 기다려 줍시다.”라고 부드럽게 말씀하셨어요.
Then an elderly woman at the next table said gently, “Everyone's busy, let's be a little patient.”
식당 안이 잠시 조용해졌고, 그 손님도 머쓱했는지 더 이상 재촉하지 않았어요.
The restaurant went quiet for a moment, and the customer, perhaps embarrassed, stopped hurrying him.
계산대 옆에는 직원도 누군가의 소중한 가족이라는 문구가 붙어 있었어요.
Next to the register was a sign saying that staff, too, are someone's precious family.
손님이라는 이유로 함부로 대해도 되는 사람은 없다는 걸 다시 생각하게 된 날이었어요.
It was a day that made me think again that no one deserves to be treated carelessly just because the other person is a customer.
What did the customer complain to the part-timer about?
- The noodles were too bland
- Slow food and no water ✓
- The seats were too cramped
- The bill was wrong
Why did the restaurant go quiet for a moment?
- The part-timer got very angry
- The owner kicked the customer out
- An elderly woman gently urged patience ✓
- All the food came out at once
What is the main idea of this passage?
- Avoid busy restaurants
- Part-timers should work faster
- One must line up at lunchtime
- Customers mustn't mistreat staff ✓
🚲 Selling My Old Bike Honestly
대학에 들어가면서 고등학교 때 타던 자전거를 중고로 팔기로 했어요.
When I started college, I decided to sell the bike I had ridden in high school.
겉보기에는 깨끗했지만 사실 뒷바퀴 브레이크가 조금 밀리는 문제가 있었어요.
It looked clean, but in fact the rear brake slipped a little.
저는 굳이 그 이야기까지 해야 하나 싶어서 판매 글에는 상태가 좋다고만 썼어요.
I wondered if I really had to mention that, so in the sale post I only wrote that it was in good condition.
그 글을 본 아버지는 “사는 사람이 상태가 괜찮으냐거든 브레이크 이야기부터 해라.” 하셨어요.
After reading the post, my father said, “If the buyer asks whether it's in good shape, start by telling them about the brake.”
아버지는 숨긴 흠은 결국 드러나고, 그때 잃는 것은 돈보다 믿음이라고 덧붙이셨어요.
He added that hidden flaws always come out in the end, and what you lose then is trust, more than money.
결국 저는 글을 고치고 브레이크 문제를 적은 뒤 가격도 조금 낮췄어요.
In the end I edited the post, described the brake problem, and lowered the price a little.
자전거를 사러 온 분은 솔직하게 말해 줘서 고맙다며 직접 고쳐 타겠다고 하셨어요.
The person who came to buy it thanked me for being honest and said they would fix it themselves.
며칠 뒤 그분은 브레이크를 고친 자전거 사진과 함께 감사 문자를 보내 주셨어요.
A few days later, they sent me a thank-you message with a photo of the bike with its brake fixed.
What did this person do when editing the sale post?
- Lowered the price a little ✓
- Fixed the brake themselves
- Gave the bike to their father
- Deleted the post entirely
Why did the father say not to hide the flaw?
- Because you can get a higher price
- Because the buyer was the father's friend
- Because hiding it costs you trust ✓
- Because the post was too short
What is the main message of this text?
- It is better not to buy used things
- Honesty matters even when selling things ✓
- Bikes should be repaired often
- Selling at a high price matters most
🚌 The Pale Student in the Next Seat
지난 추석 연휴에 저는 고향에 가려고 고속버스를 탔어요.
Over the last Chuseok holiday, I took an express bus to go to my hometown.
옆자리에는 커다란 가방을 꼭 안은 외국인 유학생이 앉아 있었어요.
In the seat next to me sat an international student holding a big bag tightly.
출발하고 삼십 분쯤 지나자 그 학생의 얼굴이 하얗게 질리고 이마에 땀이 맺혔어요.
About thirty minutes after we left, the student's face went pale and sweat formed on his forehead.
괜히 참견하는 것 같아 망설이다가 저는 조심스럽게 속이 안 좋으냐고 물었어요.
I hesitated, worried I'd be meddling, but then carefully asked if he was feeling sick.
학생은 버스를 오래 타 본 적이 없어서 멀미가 난다며 힘없이 고개를 끄덕였어요.
He nodded weakly and said he had never ridden a bus that long and was carsick.
저는 창가 자리를 바꿔 주고 가방에 있던 멀미약과 생수를 건넸어요.
I switched to give him the window seat and handed him the motion sickness medicine and water from my bag.
휴게소에서 바람을 쐬고 나자 학생은 한결 나아졌다며 고맙다고 여러 번 인사했어요.
After getting some fresh air at the rest stop, he said he felt much better and thanked me several times.
그날 이후 저는 낯선 사람이라도 힘들어 보이면 먼저 말을 거는 용기를 내 보려고 해요.
Since that day, I try to find the courage to speak first when someone looks unwell, even if they are a stranger.
What did this person give the student?
- Warm tea and snacks
- A map and a bus ticket
- A big bag
- Motion sickness medicine and water ✓
Why did the student's face go pale?
- Because he was carsick ✓
- Because he lost his bag
- Because he took the wrong bus
- Because he missed home
Which of the following matches the text?
- The student got off the bus at the rest stop
- The student asked this person for help first
- This person got carsick on the bus
- This person switched seats with the student ✓
🩸 Why I Keep Donating Blood
저는 두 달에 한 번씩 헌혈의 집에 가서 헌혈을 해요.
Once every two months, I go to a blood donation center and give blood.
벌써 서른 번 넘게 했다고 하면 친구들은 하나같이 놀란 표정을 지어요.
When I tell friends I've already done it more than thirty times, every one of them looks surprised.
주사가 무섭지 않으냐고요? 저도 처음에는 바늘만 봐도 손에 땀이 났어요.
You're asking if I'm not scared of needles? At first, my hands would sweat just looking at one, too.
그런데 대학 시절, 큰 수술을 받은 친구가 수혈 덕분에 회복하는 모습을 곁에서 지켜봤어요.
But in college, I watched up close as a friend who had major surgery recovered thanks to blood transfusions.
그때부터 헌혈은 제가 이름도 모르는 누군가와 연결되는 방법이 되었어요.
Since then, donating blood has become my way of connecting with someone whose name I don't even know.
혈액은 인공적으로 만들 수 없어서 결국 사람들의 나눔에 기댈 수밖에 없대요.
I've heard that blood can't be made artificially, so in the end we have no choice but to rely on people sharing it.
물론 건강 상태에 따라 헌혈을 못 하는 사람도 있으니 누구에게나 강요할 수는 없어요.
Of course, some people can't donate because of their health, so it can't be forced on everyone.
다만 할 수 있는 사람이라면 한 번쯤 용기를 내 보면 좋겠어요.
But if you're able to, I hope you'll find the courage to try it at least once.
What led the writer to keep donating blood?
- Getting expensive gifts for donating
- Seeing a friend recover through transfusions ✓
- The school required it
- Starting a job at a hospital
Why must we rely on people sharing their blood?
- There are too few donation centers
- Hospitals don't sell blood
- Blood can't be made artificially ✓
- You can donate only once a year
What is the writer's main message?
- Try donating if you're able ✓
- Everyone must donate blood
- People afraid of needles shouldn't donate
- Donating matters only after thirty times
🚇 Explaining Subway Manners to a Friend
우리 학과에 교환 학생으로 온 친구와 함께 지하철을 탄 적이 있어요.
I once rode the subway with a friend who had come to our department as an exchange student.
그 친구는 객실 곳곳에 붙은 안내문과 표시를 신기한 듯 둘러보았어요.
My friend looked around curiously at the notices and signs posted all over the car.
한국 지하철에는 왜 이렇게 지켜야 할 규칙이 많으냐기에 저는 하나씩 설명해 주었어요.
Since he asked why the Korean subway has so many rules to follow, I explained them one by one.
노약자석은 몸이 불편한 분들을 위해 비워 두고, 통화는 작은 목소리로 짧게 하는 게 좋다고요.
That priority seats are left free for people who need them, and that phone calls are best kept short and quiet.
친구는 처음에는 규칙이 너무 많다고 느꼈는데 설명을 듣고 나니 이해가 된다고 했어요.
My friend said that at first it felt like too many rules, but after hearing the explanation it made sense.
그러면서 모르는 사람들이 좁은 공간을 함께 쓰려면 서로 조금씩 양보해야 한다고 덧붙였어요.
He added that for strangers to share a small space, everyone has to give way a little.
저는 늘 당연하게 여기던 규칙을 다른 사람의 눈으로 다시 보게 되었어요.
I came to see rules I had always taken for granted through someone else's eyes.
규칙은 결국 낯선 사람들끼리 편하게 지내기 위한 배려의 약속이라는 생각이 들었어요.
It struck me that rules are, in the end, promises of consideration that let strangers get along comfortably.
What did the exchange student ask the writer?
- Where the priority seats are
- Why the subway has so many rules ✓
- How much the fare is
- Which exit to take
Why did the friend come to understand the rules?
- He translated and read all the notices
- He once paid a fine on the subway
- The writer explained them one by one ✓
- His country has the same rules
What is the main idea of this passage?
- The Korean subway has too many rules
- Never make calls on the subway
- Exchange students needn't know the rules
- Rules are promises of consideration among strangers ✓