Korean vocabulary โ Qualities & Traits 2
296 words from the "Qualities & Traits 2" theme, with romanization, meaning, and example sentences where available.
์ ๋๋๋ค
jeollaedoeda
be passed down
์ง์๋ ๋ง์์ ์ ๋๋๋ ์ด์ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ชจ์ ์ฑ
์ผ๋ก ๋ง๋ค์๋ค.
Jisoo collected the stories that had been passed down in the village and made them into a book.
๋๋๋ก ์ ๋๋์ด ์ค๋ ๊ด์ต๋ค์ด ํ๋์ ์ด๋ฅด๋ฌ ๋ง์ด ์ฌ๋ผ์ก๋ค.
Many customs that were passed down from generation to generation have disappeared in modern times.
์ ๋๋ ๋์ด.
A traditional game.
์ ๋ํ๋ค
jeollaehada
be passed down
์ฐ๋ฆฌ ์ง์ ๋๋๋ก ์ ํต ์ฅ์ ๋ด๊ทธ๋ ๋ฒ์ ์ ๋ํ๊ณ ์๋ค.
Our family has been passing down the traditional method of making soybean paste from generation to generation.
์์ฌ๋ ์ ๋ํ๋ ๋ฏผ๊ฐ์๋ฒ ์ค์๋ ๊ฒ์ฆ๋์ง ์์ ๊ฒ๋ ์๋ค๊ณ ์ฃผ์๋ฅผ ์ฃผ์๋ค.
The doctor cautioned that some of the folk remedies being handed down were unproven.
์ ๋ํ๋ ๋
ธ๋.
A song that is passed down.
์ง๊ฑฐ๋๋๋ค
jikkkeoraedoeda
be transacted directly
์๋ฒ์ง๋ ๋ด์ผ ์ฅํฐ์์ ์ง๊ฑฐ๋๋ ์ฑ์๋ฅผ ์์์ ๋ด๊ณ ์๋ค.
My father is putting vegetables into boxes that will be sold directly at the market tomorrow.
์ฐ๋ฆฌ ๋์ฅ์ ๋์ฐ๋ฌผ์ด ์๋น์์๊ฒ ์ง๊ฑฐ๋๋๋๋ก ํ ์์ ์ด๋ค.
Our farm plans to sell agricultural products directly to consumers.
์ด ์ํ์ ์ธํฐ๋ท์์ ์ง๊ฑฐ๋๋์ด ์๋น์๊ฐ ํจ์ฌ ์ธ๊ฒ ์ด ์ ์๋ค.
This product is sold directly on the Internet, so consumers can buy it at a much cheaper price.
๋งค๊ฐ๋๋ค
maegakttoeda
be sold; be disposed
์ ๋น์ ์ฌ๋ฌด์ค์ด ๋งค๊ฐ๋ ๊ฒฝ์ฐ ๊ทธ ๋์ ์ ๊ฑฐ ์๊ธ์ผ๋ก ํ์ฉํ ๊ฒ์ด๋ค.
If the party's office is sold, the money will be used as election funds.
๋ถ์ค ์ํ์ ๋ํ ์ง๋ถ์ด ๊ตญ๋ด์ธ ํฌ์์๋ค์๊ฒ ๊ณต๊ฐ ๋งค๊ฐ๋ ์์ ์ด๋ค.
Shares in insolvent banks are scheduled to be publicly sold to domestic and foreign investors.
ํ์ฌ์ ๊ท๋ชจ๊ฐ ์ปค์ง์ ๋ฐ๋ผ ์น์กฑ๋ผ๋ฆฌ ์์ ํ๊ณ ์๋ ์ฃผ์์ด ๋ค์์ ๋ถ์ฐ๋ ์ฃผ์ฃผ๋ค์๊ฒ ๋งค๊ฐ๋์๋ค.
As the company grew in size, shares owned by relatives were sold to a number of dispersed shareholders.
๋งค๋๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๋ค
maekkeungeorida
be slippery; be smooth
๋์ด ๋๋ฌด ๋งค๋๊ฑฐ๋ ค ์ผ๋ถ๋ฌ ๊ด์ ๋ธ ๊ฒ ๊ฐ๋ค.
The stone is so smooth that it looks like it was polished on purpose.
์จ์ฒ์์ ๋ชฉ์์ ํ๊ณ ๋ฌ๋๋ ๋ชธ์ด ๋งค๋๊ฑฐ๋ฆฐ๋ค.
After taking a bath in the hot spring, my body feels smooth.
์ท์ ๋ง์ ธ๋ณด๋ ๋ถ๋ค๋ถ๋คํ๊ณ ๋งค๋๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๋ ๋๋์ด ์ฐธ ์ข์๋ค.
When I touched the clothes, it felt really soft and smooth.
๋งค๋๋๋ค
maekkeundaeda
be slippery; be smooth
๋ฉด๋๋ฅผ ๊น๋ํ๊ฒ ํ ๊ทธ์ ํฑ์ด ๋งค๋๋์๋ค.
His clean-shaven chin was smooth.
๋๋ ๋น๋ ๊ฑฐํ ๋๋ฌธ์ ๋งค๋๋๋ ๋ชฉ์ํ ๋ฐ๋ฅ ์๋ฅผ ์กฐ์ฌํ ๊ฑธ์๋ค.
I walked carefully on the bathroom floor, which was smooth from the soap bubbles.
๋๋ ๊ฑฐ์น ๋๋ฌด ํ๋ฉด์ ์ฌํฌ๋ก ๋ฌธ์ง๋ฌ ๋ถ๋๋ฝ๊ณ ๋งค๋๋๋๋ก ๋ง๋ค์๋ค.
I sanded the rough wooden surface until it was soft and smooth.
๋งค๋ฃ๋นํ๋ค
maeryodanghada
be charmed; be fascinated; be captivated
๋๋ ์๋ฆ๋ค์ด ์ ๋ฐฐ์ ๋ชจ์ต์ ๋งค๋ฃ๋นํด ๊ทธ๋
๋ฅผ ์ฌ๋ํ๊ฒ ๋์๋ค.
I was fascinated by the beautiful appearance of my senior and fell in love with her.
๋ฉ์๋ ์ํ๋ฐฐ์ฐ๋ค์๊ฒ ๋งค๋ฃ๋นํ ์ง์๋ ์์ ๋ ๋ฐฐ์ฐ๊ฐ ๋๊ธฐ๋ก ๊ฒฐ์ฌํ๋ค.
Jisoo was fascinated by cool movie stars and decided to become an actor herself.
์ ๊ณ ํฅ์ธ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์ ๋ ๋ ํ๊ตญ์ ์ค๊ฒ ๋์์ต๋๊น?
Why did you leave your home country, the United States, and come to Korea?
๋งค๋ฃ๋๋ค
maeryodoeda
be charmed; be fascinated; be captivated
์๋ก ์์ํ ํ๋ณด ์
๋ฌด์ ๋งค๋ฃ๋ ์ง์๋ ์ ์ ์ผ์ ๋น ์ ธ๋ค์๋ค.
Jisoo became fascinated by the newly started public relations work and gradually became immersed in it.
๊ทธ ๋จ์์ ์ธ๋ จ๋ ๋ง์์จ์ ํ๋์ ๋งค๋ฃ๋์ง ์๋ ์ฌ๋์ด ์์๋ค.
There was no one who was not fascinated by the man's refined speaking skills and actions.
์๋ด๋ ๋ชจ์ฐจ๋ฅดํธ์ ์์
์ ๋งค๋ฃ๋์ด ํ๋ฃจ ์ข
์ผ ๊ฐ์ ์์
๋ง ๋ฃ๋๋ค.
My wife is fascinated by Mozart's music and listens to the same music all day.
๋งค๋งค๋๋ค
maemaedoeda
be transacted
๊ฐ๊ฒ์์๋ ์ค๋๋ ๊ทธ๋ฆ์ด๋ ๋์๊ธฐ ๊ฐ์ ๊ฒ๋ค์ด ๋งค๋งค๋๊ณ ์์๋ค.
In the store, things like old dishes and pottery were being sold.
์น ์ฌ์ดํธ์์ ๊ฐ์ธ ์ ๋ณด๊ฐ ๋๋์ผ๋ก ๋งค๋งค๋์ด ์ฌํ ๋ฌธ์ ๊ฐ ๋๊ณ ์๋ค.
Personal information is being bought and sold in large quantities on websites, becoming a social problem.
์ด ๊ฑด๋ฌผ์ ์ผ๋ง์ ๋งค๋งค๋์ด์?
How much was this building sold for?
๋งค๋ชฐ๋๋ค
maemoldoeda
be buried
์ฐ์ฌํ๋ก ์ธ๊ทผ์ ์ง๋ค์ด ํ๋๋ฏธ ์์ ๋งค๋ชฐ๋๋ ์ฌ๊ณ ๊ฐ ์ผ์ด๋ฌ๋ค.
A landslide occurred, burying nearby houses in a pile of dirt.
๊ตด์ฐฉ๊ธฐ๋ก ํ ๋ธ ํ์ด ๊ฐ์๊ธฐ ๋ฌด๋์ง๋ฉด์ ์์
์ค์ด๋ ์ธ๋ถ๋ค์ด ๋งค๋ชฐ๋์๋ค.
The soil dug by the excavator suddenly collapsed, burying the workers who were working.
๊ฐ์์ค๋ฌ์ด ํญ์ค๋ก ๋ฑ์ฐ๊ฐ๋ค์ด ๋ ์์ ๋งค๋ชฐ๋ ์ฑ ์์ฌ๊ฐ ํ์ธ๋์ง ์๊ณ ์๋ค.
Due to a sudden heavy snowfall, hikers are buried in the snow and their fate is unknown.
๋ฐฐ๊ฐ๋๋ค
baegadoeda
be doubled
์ฐ๋ฆฌ ํ์ ๊ณต๊ฒฉ๋ ฅ์ ํน๋
ํ ํ๋ จ์ ํตํด ๋ช ๋ฐฐ๋ก ๋ฐฐ๊ฐ๋์๋ค.
Our team's offensive power multiplied several times through rigorous training.
์ ํ ์ถ์ ์ ์ ์ค๋ช
ํ๋ฅผ ์ด๋ฉด ํ๋ณด ํจ๊ณผ๊ฐ ๋ฐฐ๊ฐ๋ ๊ฒ์ผ๋ก ์๊ฐํ๋ค.
I believe that the promotional effect will be doubled if a briefing session is held before the product launch.
๊ฐ๋์ด ๋ฐฐ๊ฐ๋๋ค.
The emotion doubles.
๋ฐฐ๊ฒฉ๋๋ค
baegyeokttoeda
be rejected; be rebuffed
๋๋ง์ด ์ต์์ด๊ณ , ์น๋ฆฌ๋ง์ ๋ชฉํ๋ก ์ผ๋ ์ผ์ ์ฒ ์ ํ ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฉ๋์ด์ผ ํ ๊ฒ์ด๋ค.
Money is the best, and aiming only at victory should be completely rejected.
์ผ๋ณธ์ธ๋ค์ ์์ ๋ค์ ์ฌ์๊ณผ ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฉ๋๋ ๊ธฐ๋
๊ต์ ๊ทธ๋ค์ง ํฅ๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์ด์ง ์์ ์ฝ ์ผ ํผ์ผํธ ์ ๋๋ง์ด ๊ธฐ๋
๊ต๋ฅผ ๋ฏฟ๋๋ค.
Japanese people do not show much interest in Christianity, which rejects their ideology, and only about 1 percent believe in Christianity.
๋ฌผ์ง ๋ง๋ฅ ์ฃผ์๊ฐ ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฉ๋๋ค.
Materialism is rejected.
๋ฐฐ๊ณฏ๋ค
baegolta
be hungry; starve
์ ๋ฏผ์ด๋ ์๋
๊ฐ์ฅ์ผ๋ก ๋จน์ ๊ฒ์ด ๋ง๋
์น ์์ ํญ์ ๋ฐฐ๊ณฏ๊ณ ์ง๋๋ค.
Yumin was the head of the household and did not have enough food to eat, so she was always hungry.
๋๋ ์ฉ๋์ ๋ชจ์ ์์ฐ์ฌํด๋ก ๋ชจ๋ ๊ฒ์ ์๊ณ ๋ฐฐ๊ณฏ๋ ์ฌ๋๋ค์ ์ํด ์ฑ๊ธ์ ๋๋ค.
I saved up my pocket money and donated it to help people who lost everything in natural disasters and were starving.
์ฌ๋ณด, ์ด๊ฑฐ ์ด๋? ์ค๋ ์ฐ ๋น์ ์๋ณต์ธ๋ฐ.
Honey, how about this? This is the suit you bought today.
๋ฐฐ๊ธ๋๋ค
baegeupttoeda
be rationed; be distributed
์, ๊น์น ๋ฑ์ด ์ ์๋ ๊ฐ์ ์ ๊ณ ๋ฅด๊ฒ ๋ฐฐ๊ธ๋์๋ค.
Rice, kimchi, etc. were evenly distributed to low-income families.
๊ฒฝ์ ์ํฉ์ด ์ข์ง ์์ ์ฃผ๋ฏผ์๊ฒ ๋ฐฐ๊ธ๋๋ ์๋์ ๋๋ถ๋ถ ์ฅ์์์๋ค.
Due to poor economic conditions, most of the food distributed to residents was corn.
๋์๋ฝ์ด ๋ฐฐ๊ธ๋๋ค.
Lunch boxes are distributed.
๋ฐฐ๊ธฐ๋ค
baegida
be hard on
์น๊ท๋ ์ด์ ์ ์ค๋ ํ๋๋ ํ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ ๋ฐฐ๊ธฐ๊ณ ์ํ ๋ค.
Seung-gyu had been driving for a long time and his back was sore.
๋ฑ์ด ๋ฐฐ๊ธฐ๋ค.
My back is exhausted.
๋ชธ์ด ๋ฐฐ๊ธฐ๋ค.
My body is exhausted.
๋ฐฐ๋น๋๋ค
baedangdoeda
be allocated; be allotted
๋ชจ๋๊ฐ ๋งก๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๊บผ๋ ค ํ๋ ์ด๋ฒ ์ฌ๊ฑด์ ๊น ๊ฒ์ฌ์๊ฒ ๋ฐฐ๋น๋์๋ค.
This case, which everyone was reluctant to take on, was assigned to Prosecutor Kim.
์ฐ๋ฆฌ ํ์ฌ๋ ์ฌํด ์ค์ ์ด ์ ์กฐํด์ ํฌ์์๋ค์๊ฒ ๋ง์ ๋์ด ๋ฐฐ๋น๋์ง ๋ชปํ๋ค.
Our company performed poorly this year, so not much money was distributed to investors.
๋ฐฐ๋น๋ ๊ธ์ก.
Amount distributed.
๋ฐฐ๋ถ๋๋ค
baebudoeda
be distributed; be handed out
์ ์
์๋ค์๊ฒ๋ ํ์ํ์์ ์ ์ํ ์์ฒฉ์ด ๋ฐฐ๋ถ๋์๋ค.
A notebook produced by the student council was distributed to new students.
๋ณด๊ฑด์๋ก๋ถํฐ ๋ฐฐ๋ถ๋ ์๋ฃ์๋ ๋
๊ฐ ์๋ฐฉ์ ์ํ ์์น์ด ์ ํ ์์๋ค.
Materials distributed from the public health center included guidelines for preventing influenza.
๋ฐฐ๋ถ๋ ์ฑ
์.
Brochure distributed.
๋ฐฐ๋ถ๋๋ค
baebundoeda
be allocated; be allotted
๋ณ์ฌ๋ค์๊ฒ ๋ฐฐ๋ถ๋ ์์์ ๊ฐ์ ํ๋์ ์ฃผ๋จน๋ฐฅ ํ ๋ฉ์ด๋ฟ์ด์๋ค.
The only food distributed to the soldiers was one potato and one rice ball.
์๋ฒ๋์ ์ ์ธ์ ๋ฐ๋ผ ์ฐ๋ฆฌ ํ์ ๋ค์๊ฒ๋ ๊ณตํํ๊ฒ ์ ์ฐ์ด ๋ฐฐ๋ถ๋์๋ค.
According to my father's will, the inheritance was distributed equally to my brothers.
ํ์๊ฐ ๋๋๊ณ ์ฐธ๊ฐ์๋คํํ
๋๋์ด ์ค ๊ธฐ๋
ํ์ ์ถฉ๋ถํ๋?
Are there enough souvenirs to hand out to participants after the meeting?
๋ฐฐ์ ๋๋ค
baeseondoeda
be wired
์ฐ๋ฆฌ ์ฌ๋ฌด์ค์๋ ์ ์์ ํ๋ค์ด ๋ง์ ์ ์ ๋ค์ด ๋ณต์กํ๊ฒ ๋ฐฐ์ ๋์ด ์๋ค.
There are a lot of electronic products in our office, so the wires are complicatedly wired.
๋ฐฐ์ ๋์ง ์์ ์ธํธ์ฅ์์๋ ์ ๊ธฐ๊ฐ ๋ค์ด์ค์ง ์์ ์กฐ๋ช
์ ์ผค ์๊ฐ ์์๋ค.
There was no electricity on the unwired set, so the lights could not be turned on.
์ปดํจํฐ๋ฅผ ๋ด๊ฐ ์ง์ ์ค์นํ๋๋ฐ ์ ์์ด ์ ๋ค์ด์ค๋ค.
I installed the computer myself, but it doesn't turn on.
๋ฐฐ์ค๋๋ค
baeseoldoeda
be excreted; be evacuated
๋ณ๋น ํ์๋ค์ ๋๋ณ์ด ์ ๋ฐฐ์ค๋์ง ์๋ ์ฆ์์ ๊ฐ๋๋ค.
Patients with constipation have symptoms of difficulty excreting stool.
๋๊ฐ์์๋ ๋ฐฐ์ค๋ ๊ฐ์ถ์ ๋ถ๋จ๋ฅผ ๋์ง์ ๊ฑฐ๋ฆ์ผ๋ก ์ฌ์ฉํ๊ธฐ๋ ํ๋ค.
Farmers also use excreted livestock waste as fertilizer for farmland.
์๋ฐ๋ฅ์ ๋์ด ๋๋ฌด ๋ง์ด ๊ณ ๋ฏผ์ด์์.
I'm really worried about my palms sweating too much.
๋ฐฐ์๋๋ค
baesokttoeda
be placed
์ง๋ ์ฃผ์ ์ ์ฒญํ๋ ๋ฌผํ๋ค์ด ๊ฐ ๋ถ์์ ๋ฐฐ์๋์๋ค.
The items requested last week were assigned to each department.
๊ฐ์ฅ ์์ฑ๋๊ฐ ๋์ ์ ํ๋ค์ ๋ฐฑํ์ ์ผ๋ก ๋ฐฐ์๋์๋ค.
The most complete products were assigned to department stores.
์ฐ๋ฆฌ ์ฌ๋ฌด์ค์์ ๋ณต์ฌ๊ธฐ ๋ฐ๊ฟ ๋ฌ๋ผ๊ณ ํ์ง ์์์ด์?
Didnโt our office ask you to replace the copier?
์์นจํ๋ค
saechimhada
be coy
๊ทธ ์น๊ตฌ์ ์ฒซ์ธ์์ ์์นจํ๊ณ ๋๋ํ๊ณ ์ฐจ๊ฐ์ ๋ค.
My first impression of that friend was prim, haughty, and cold.
์ฌ๋ฐฐ์ฐ๋ ๊ธฐ์์ ์ง๋ฌธ์๋ ์ ๋๋ตํ์ง ์๊ณ ์์นจํ๋ค.
The actress was stoic and did not answer the reporter's questions.
๋ ์ฒ์์ ์์นจํด์ ๋ง๋ ๊ฑธ๊ธฐ ํ๋ค์์ด.
It was hard to talk to you at first because you were so shy.
๊ตฌ์ ๋๋ค
guaedoeda
be hindered; be restricted
๋ณดํต ๋ํ์ ๊ต์ ๊ณผ๋ชฉ์ ํ๋
์ ๊ตฌ์ ๋์ง ์๊ณ ์์ ๋กญ๊ฒ ์๊ฐ ๊ฐ๋ฅํ๋ค.
Normally, liberal arts courses at universities can be taken freely, regardless of grade.
์์ฆ์๋ ์๊ฐ๊ณผ ์ฅ์์ ๊ตฌ์ ๋๋ ์ผ ์์ด ํด๋ ์ ํ๋ก ์ธ์ ์ด๋์๋ ํ
๋ ๋น์ ์ ๋ณผ ์ ์๋ค.
Nowadays, you can watch television anytime, anywhere on your mobile phone, regardless of time and place.
๋ช
๋ถ์ ๊ตฌ์ ๋๋ค.
Be obsessed with a cause.
์ ๋๋ค
aekkeulta
be devastated
๊ทธ์์ ์ํ๊น์ด ์ด๋ณ ๋ค ๊ทธ๋
๋ ์ ๋๊ฒ ์ธ์๋ค.
After her sad breakup with him, she cried bitterly.
๊ทธ๋
๊ฐ ์ ๋๋ ๋ชฉ์๋ฆฌ๋ก ์ง์๋ฅผ ๋ถ๋ ์ง๋ง, ์ง์๋ ๊นจ์ด๋์ง ์์๋ค.
She called Jisoo in a mournful voice, but Jisoo did not wake up.
์ ๋๋ ๊ฐ์ .
A heartrending feeling.
์ ์ฉ๋๋ค
aeyongdoeda
be used regularly; be patronized
์ฐ๋ฆฌ ํ์ฌ์์ ๋์จ ๊ณจํ์ฑ๋ ํ๋ก ์ ์๋ค ์ฌ์ด์์ ํนํ ์ ์ฉ๋๋ค.
Golf clubs made by our company are especially popular among professional players.
์๋ง ์์๋ ์ธ์ผ ์ธํธ๋ ์ด๋ฅด์ ๋ค์ ์ํ ํจ๋ ์ ๋ฌผ๋ก ์ ์ฉ๋๋ ์ํ์ด๋ค.
Massage chairs and ginseng sets are popular products as filial piety gifts for the elderly.
์ด ์ ํ๊ธฐ๋ ๋๋ฌด ๋น์ธ๋ค์.
This phone is too expensive.
๊ฒ์ฌ๋๋ค
gejaedoeda
be published; be run; be printed
์ฐ์ํ ๋
ผ๋ฌธ ์ด ํธ์ด ์ด๋ฒ ํธ์ ํ์ ์ง์ ๊ฒ์ฌ๋์๋ค.
Ten excellent papers were published in this issue of the journal.
์ ๋ช
์๊ฐ์ ์ธํฐ๋ทฐ ๋ด์ฉ์ด ๊ทธ ์ก์ง์ ๊ณง ๊ฒ์ฌ๋ ์์ ์ด๋ค.
An interview with a famous writer will soon be published in the magazine.
๊ทธ ๋งํ๊ฐ์ ์ ๋งํ๊ฐ ์ ๋ฌธ์ ๊ฒ์ฌ๋์๋๋ฐ์.
The cartoonist's new cartoon was published in the newspaper.
๊ธฐ์ฌ๋๋ค
gijaedoeda
be written; be filled in
์
์ฌ ์ง์์์ ๊ธฐ์ฌ๋ ๋ด์ฉ์ด ์ฌ์ค๊ณผ ๋ค๋ฅผ ๊ฒฝ์ฐ ํฉ๊ฒฉ์ด ์ทจ์๋ ์ ์์ต๋๋ค.
If the information on your job application is different from the facts, your acceptance may be cancelled.
์ฃผ์๊ฐ ์๋ชป ๊ธฐ์ฌ๋๋ ๋ฐ๋์ ์ฃผ๋ฌธํ ์ํ์ด ์๋ฑํ ๊ณณ์ผ๋ก ๋ฐฐ๋ฌ๋์๋ค.
Because the address was entered incorrectly, the ordered product was delivered to the wrong location.
๊ธฐ์ฌ๋ ๊ธ์ก.
Amount stated.
๋ด์ฌ๋๋ค
naejaedoeda
be immanent; inhere
๊ทธ ์ด๋ก ์ ๋ด์ฌ๋์ด ์๋ ๋ชจ์์ด ๋๋ฌด ๋ง์์ ๋ฐ์๋ค์ฌ์ง๊ธฐ ์ด๋ ต๋ค.
The theory has too many inherent contradictions to be accepted.
์ํ์ ๊ทธ ์์ ๋ด์ฌ๋ ๊ฒฝ์์ ์์ ๋๋ฌธ์ ๋ง์ ํ์๋ค์๊ฒ ์คํธ๋ ์ค๋ก ์์ฉํ๋ค.
Exams are stressful for many students because of the competitive element inherent in them.
๋ด์ฌ๋ ์์.
Inherent elements.
๋ด์ฌํ๋ค
naejaehada
be immanent; inhere
์๋ฅผ ๊ฐ์ํ ๋๋ ๋จ์ด ์์ ๋ด์ฌํ ํ๋ถํ ์๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ๋ฐํ๋ ๊ฒ์ด ๋์์ด ๋๋ค.
When appreciating a poem, it is helpful to reveal the rich meaning inherent in the words.
์ฑ์ ์ค์ ์
์ฅ์์๋ ์๋ฌด๋ฆฌ ์
ํ ์ฌ๋์ด๋๋ผ๋ ์ ํ ๋ถ๋ถ์ด ๋ด์ฌํด ์๋ค๊ณ ๋ฏฟ๋๋ค.
From the position of the benign theory, it is believed that no matter how evil a person is, there is inherent goodness in them.
๋ณธ์ฑ์ด ๋ด์ฌํ๋ค.
It is inherent in nature.
๋ฑ์ฌ๋๋ค
deungjaedoeda
be registered; be entered
๊ฒฝ์ฃผ์ ์๊ตด์์ ์ธ๊ณ ๋ฌธํ ์ ์ฐ์ ๋ฑ์ฌ๋์๋ค.
Seokguram Grotto in Gyeongju was registered as a World Cultural Heritage.
์ ํ๋ฒํธ๋ถ์๋ ๊ทธ ๊ฐ๊ฒ์ ๋ฒํธ๊ฐ ๋ฑ์ฌ๋์ด ์์ง ์์๋ค.
The store's number was not listed in the phone book.
๋ฒํธ๊ฐ ๋ฑ์ฌ๋๋ค.
The number is registered.
๋ถ์ฌํ๋ค
bujaehada
be absent; be missing
์ค๋๋ ์ธ๊ฒฉ์ด ๋ถ์ฌํ ๊ต์ก ํ์ฅ์ด ์ฌํ์ ๋ฌธ์ ๊ฐ ๋๊ณ ์๋ค.
Today, educational settings lacking character have become a social problem.
๋ถ๋ชจ์ ์์ ์ฌ์ด์ ๋ํ๊ฐ ๋ถ์ฌํ๋ฉด ๊ฐ๋ฑ์ด ์๊ฒผ์ ๋ ๊ทน๋ณตํ๊ธฐ๊ฐ ์ด๋ ต๋ค.
If there is no communication between parents and children, it is difficult to overcome conflict when it arises.
์์ผ๋ก ์ด ์ผ์ ๊ณ์ ์งํ๋๋ ๊ฑฐ์ผ?
Will this continue to happen in the future?
์ฐ์ฌ๋๋ค
sanjaedoeda
be scattered; be dotted; be sparse
์ด ์ฐ์ ์๋ฐฑ ์ข
์ ํฌ๊ท ๋์๋ฌผ์ด ์ฐ์ฌ๋์ด ์๋ ์์ฐ์ ๋ณด๊ณ ์ด๋ค.
This mountain is a natural treasure trove with hundreds of rare species of animals and plants.
์ ๋ถ์์๋ ํด์ธ์ ์ฐ์ฌ๋ ๋ฌธํ์ ์ฐ๋ค์ ๋์ฐพ์ ์ค๊ธฐ ์ํด ๋
ธ๋ ฅํ๊ณ ์๋ค.
The government is making efforts to bring back cultural heritage scattered overseas.
์ฐ๋ฆฌ ์ํ์ ์ง์ ์ ์ ๊ตญ ๊ฐ์ง์ ์ฐ์ฌ๋์ด ์์ด ์ด๋์์๋ ์ด์ฉํ ์ ์๋ค.
Woori Bank's branches are scattered throughout the country, so you can use it anywhere.
์ฐ์ฌํ๋ค
sanjaehada
be scattered; be dotted; be sparse
ํ๊ตญ ๊ต๋ฏผ๋ค์ ์ธ๊ณ ๋์ฒ์ ์ฐ์ฌํ์ฌ ์ด๊ณ ์๋ค.
Korean residents live scattered all over the world.
์ด ๋์์๋ ๋ค์ํ ๋ฌธํ์ ์ฐ๊ณผ ์ ์ ์ง๊ฐ ์ฐ์ฌํด ์์ด ๊ด๊ด๊ฐ๋ค์ด ์์ฃผ ์ฐพ๋๋ค.
This city is dotted with various cultural heritage and historical sites and is often visited by tourists.
๊ธธ์ ๊ฑด๋๋ ค๊ณ ํ๋๋ฐ ๊ฐ์๊ธฐ ์ฐจ๊ฐ ๋ฌ๋ ค๋ค์ด์ ํ๋งํฐ๋ฉด ๋ค์น ๋ปํ์ด์.
I was trying to cross the street when a car suddenly ran over me and I almost got hurt.
์์ฌํ๋ค
sojaehada
be located
๊ฐ์ง์ ์์ฌํ๋ค.
Located in various places.
์ง๋ฐฉ์ ์์ฌํ๋ ๋ํ๋ค์ด ๋ฑ๋ก๊ธ์ ์ธํํ์๋ค.
Universities located in rural areas have reduced tuition fees.
์ด๋ฒ์ ์ฐ๋ฆฌ ํ์ฌ์์ ๊ณต๊ธํ๋ ์ํํธ๋ ๊ตํต ์ค์ฌ์ง์ ์์ฌํ๋ค.
The apartments supplied by our company this time are located in transportation hubs.
์ฐ์ฌ๋๋ค
yeonjaedoeda
be published serially; be serialized
์ฌ๋ฆผํฝ ์ ์น์ ๊ดํ ํน์ง ๊ธฐ์ฌ๊ฐ ์ ๋ฌธ์ ์ผ์ฃผ์ผ ๋์ ์ฐ์ฌ๋์๋ค.
Special articles on hosting the Olympic Games were serialized in newspapers for a week.
ํ ์ ๋ช
์ก์ง์ ์ธ๊ธฐ๋ฆฌ์ ์ฐ์ฌ๋์๋ ๋งํ๊ฐ ๋จํ๋ณธ์ผ๋ก ์ถ๊ฐ๋์๋ค.
A cartoon that was popularly serialized in a famous magazine was published as a book.
๋ญ ๊ทธ๋ ๊ฒ ์ด์ฌํ ์ฝ๊ณ ์์ด?
What are you reading so intently?
์์ฌํ๋ค
janjaehada
be left; exist
์ ๊ต์ ์ธ ๊ฐ์น๊ด์ด 1910๋
๊น์ง ํ๊ตญ ์ฌํ์ ์์ฌํ๋ค.
Confucian values โโremained in Korean society until 1910.
์ฐ๋ฆฌ ์ฌํ์๋ ์์ง๋ ๊ด๋ฃ์ ๊ถ์์ฃผ์๊ฐ ๊ฐํ๊ฒ ์์ฌํ๊ณ ์์๋ค.
There was still a strong remnant of bureaucratic authoritarianism in our society.
๊ทธ๋ ๋ฏผ์ฃผ์ฃผ์์ ์คํ์ ์ํด ์ฐ๋ฆฌ ์ฌํ์ ์์ฌํ๋ ๋น๋ฏผ์ฃผ์ ์์๋ฅผ ์ฒ๊ฒฐํ๊ณ ์ ํ๋ค.
He sought to eradicate undemocratic elements remaining in our society in order to realize democracy.
์ ์ฌ๋๋ค
jamjaedoeda
be latent; be dormant
์ง์๋ ๋ฌดํํ ๊ฐ๋ฅ์ฑ์ด ์ ์ฌ๋ ์ ์์ด๋ค.
Jisoo is a player with infinite potential.
์ ๋ฏผ์ด๋ ์์ ์๊ฒ ์ ์ฌ๋ ๊ธ์ฐ๊ธฐ ๋ฅ๋ ฅ์ ๋ฐ๊ฒฌํ๋ค.
Yumin discovered her latent writing ability.
์ด๋ฒ ๊ฐ์กฑ ์ฌํ์์ ์ค๋ซ๋์ ์ ์ฌ๋ ์๋ด์ ์ด๋จธ๋์ ๊ฐ๋ฑ์ด ๋๋ฌ๋ฌ๋ค.
During this family trip, the long-latent conflict between wife and mother was revealed.
๊ฑท์ด์ฑ๋ค
geodeochaeda
be kicked
๋ฏผ์ค์ด๋ ์น๊ตฌ์ ์ธ์ฐ๋ค๊ฐ ์น๊ตฌ์๊ฒ ๋ค๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ๋ก ๊ฑท์ด์ฑ๋ค.
Minjun was fighting with his friend and got kicked in the leg by his friend.
๋๋ ์ถ๊ตฌ ๊ฒฝ๊ธฐ ์ค ์๋ํธ ์ ์์๊ฒ ๋ฐ๋ชฉ์ ๊ฑท์ด์ฑ ๋ถ์์ ์
์๋ค.
I suffered an injury during a soccer game when my ankle was kicked by an opposing player.
๋ฌด๋ฆ์๋ ์ด์ฉ๋ค๊ฐ ๊ทธ๋ ๊ฒ ํฐ ๋ฉ์ด ๋ค์์ด?
How did you get such a big bruise on your knee?
์ฑ๊ตด๋๋ค
chaeguldoeda
be mined
์ด ๊ด์ฐ์ ๋ ์ด์ ๋ณด์์ด ์ฑ๊ตด๋์ง ์์ ๊ฒฐ๊ตญ ํ์๋์๋ค.
The mine was eventually closed as no more gems were mined.
ํ ์กฐ์ฌ์ ์ํ๋ฉด, ์ ์ธ๊ณ์์ ๋งค๋
์ฝ ์ด๋ง ํฌ๋ก๊ทธ๋จ์ ๋ค์ด์๋ชฌ๋๊ฐ ์ฑ๊ตด๋๋ค๊ณ ํ๋ค.
According to one survey, about 20,000 kilograms of diamonds are mined every year around the world.
๊ด์์ด ์ฑ๊ตด๋๋ค.
Ore is mined.
์ฑ๋ค
chaeda
be kicked
์ง ์ฒญ์๋ฅผ ํ์ฐธ ์ ํ๋๋ ์ฐ๋ ๊ธฐ๊ฐ ์๊พธ ๋ฐ์ ์ฑ๋ค.
I haven't cleaned my house in a while, and the trash keeps getting kicked up by my feet.
ํฐ๋ํฐ๋ ๊ฑท๋ค ๋ณด๋ ์๊พธ ๋์ด ๋ฐ์ ์ฑ๋ ๊ฒ์ด ๋๊ปด์ก๋ค.
As I trudged along, I kept feeling stones hitting my feet.
๊นกํต์ด ์ฑ๋ค.
The can is full.
์ฑ๋นํ๋ค
chaebihada
be prepared; get ready; prepare
๋ง๋ถ๋ ์ฃผ์ธ์ ๋ช
๋ น์ ๋ฐ๊ณ ๊ณง ๋ง์ฐจ๋ฅผ ์ฑ๋นํ์๋ค.
The coachman received the owner's order and immediately prepared the carriage.
๋ณ์ฌ๋ค์ ๋จ๋จํ ๋ฌด์ฅํ๊ณ ์ฑ๋นํ ๋ค ์ ์ํฐ์ ๋๊ฐ๋ค.
The soldiers were well armed and prepared and went to the battlefield.
์ง์๋ ์๊ฐ์ ์ ๋ถํฐ ์ฑ๋นํ์ฌ ์ฌ์ ๋กญ๊ฒ ํด์ธ์ฌํ์ ๋ ๋ฌ๋ค.
Jisoo prepared several months ago and went on a leisurely trip abroad.
์ฑ์๋๋ค
chaesaekttoeda
be colored
๊ฐ์์ด ๋์ ๋
ผ์ด ํฉ๊ธ๋น์ผ๋ก ์ฑ์๋์๋ค.
In fall, the rice fields turned golden.
๋ด์ฅ์ ์ฑ์๋ ํ์ธํธ๊ฐ ๋ฒ๊ฒจ์ ธ์ ์๋ฒ์ง๊ป์ ๋ค์ ์น ์ ํ์
จ๋ค.
The paint on the wall was peeling, so my father repainted it.
๋ณ์ ๋ฒฝ์ด ์จํต ํ์์์ผ๋ก ์ฑ์๋์ด ์๋ค์.
The walls of the hospital are all painted white.
์ฑ์ฉ๋๋ค
chaeyongdoeda
be recruited; be hired
๋ฏผ์ค์ด๋ ํ์ฌ์์ ์ธํด์ผ๋ก ์ผ์ ํ๋ค๊ฐ ์ ๊ท์ง ์ฌ์์ผ๋ก ์ฑ์ฉ๋์๋ค.
Minjun worked as an intern at the company and was hired as a full-time employee.
ํ์ ๋ํ๊ต์ ์ด๋ ฅ์๋ฅผ ๋ด๊ณ ๊ฐ์ฌ๋ก ์ฑ์ฉ๋์ด ์๋
๋ถํฐ ๊ฐ์๋ฅผ ํ๊ณ ์๋ค.
My older brother submitted his resume to the university and was hired as a lecturer. He has been teaching since last year.
์ด๋ฒ์ ์ฑ์ฉ๋ ์ ์
์ฌ์์ ์ผ์ฃผ์ผ ํ๋ถํฐ ์ ์์ผ๋ก ๊ทผ๋ฌดํ๊ธฐ๋ก ๋์ด ์๋ค.
The new employees hired this time are scheduled to officially start working in one week.
์ฑ์ ๋๋ค
chaejeomdoeda
be graded; be marked
์ํฉ์ด ๋๋ ํ ์๋ํธ ์ ์๊ฐ ์ ์๊ฐ ์๋ชป ์ฑ์ ๋์๋ค๋ฉฐ ํญ์ํ๋ค.
After the match ended, the opposing player complained that the score had been scored incorrectly.
์ํ์ ์น ๋ค์ ๋ ์ ์๋์ด ํ์๋ค์๊ฒ ์ฑ์ ๋ ๋ต์์ง๋ฅผ ๋๋์ด ์ฃผ์
จ๋ค.
The day after the test, the teacher handed out graded answer sheets to the students.
์๊ธฐ ๋ต์์ง์์ ํ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์ฑ์ ๋ ๊ฑด ์๋์ง ๊ผผ๊ผผํ ํ์ธํด ๋ณด์ธ์.
Please check your answer sheet carefully to see if anything was marked incorrectly.
์ฑ์ง๋๋ค
chaejipttoeda
be collected
ํธ์์์ ๋ค์ํ ์ข
์ ๋ฌผ๊ณ ๊ธฐ๊ฐ ์ฑ์ง๋์๋ค.
Various species of fish were collected from the lake.
๋ฐ ์จ๋ ์๋
์ ๊ฑธ์ณ ์ฑ์ง๋ ์์์ ์ฐ๋ฆฌ์๊ฒ ์๋์ค๋ฝ๊ฒ ๋ณด์ฌ ์ฃผ์๋ค.
Mr. Park proudly showed us the stone he had collected over the years.
๊ทธ ์ด์ผ๊ธฐ ์ด๋์์ ๋ง์ด ๋ค์ด ๋ณธ ๊ฒ ๊ฐ์์.
I think I've heard that story somewhere.
์ฑ์ทจ๋๋ค
chaechwidoeda
be collected; be gathered
์ฅ์ฌ๊พผ์ด ์ฐ์์ ๋ฌด๋จ์ผ๋ก ์ฑ์ทจ๋ ์๋ฌผ์ ํ๋ค๊ฐ ๊ฒฝ์ฐฐ์๊ฒ ๋ถ์กํ๋ค.
A merchant was caught by the police while selling plants collected without permission from the mountain.
๋ฏผ์ค์ด์ ๊ณ ํฅ์ ์ฑ์ฑํ ์กฐ๊ฐ๊ฐ ๋ง์ด ์ฑ์ทจ๋๋ ๋ฐ๋ค๋ก ์ ๋ช
ํ ๊ณณ์ด๋ค.
Minjun's hometown is famous for the sea where a lot of fresh clams are collected.
๊ณจ์ฌ๊ฐ ์ฑ์ทจ๋๋ค.
Aggregate is collected.
๋ํ๋๋ค
dotaedoeda
be eliminated
๊ทธ ์ ์ ํ์ ํ์ฐธ ๋ค๋จ์ด์ง๋ ์ฑ๋ฅ์ผ๋ก ์์ฅ์์ ๋ํ๋์๋ค.
The new product was eliminated from the market due to its far inferior performance.
ํ๋์ธ๋ค์ ๊ฒฝ์ ์ฌํ์์ ๋ํ๋์ง ์๊ธฐ ์ํด ์ ๋ง๋ค ๋
ธ๋ ฅํ๋ค.
Modern people make every effort to avoid being left out in a competitive society.
์ ๋ต์ด ์์ด ๋ฌด์กฐ๊ฑด ๋์ ํ๋ค๋ฉด ๊ฒฝ์์๋ค ์ฌ์ด์์ ๋ํ๋๊ณ ๋ง ๊ฑฐ์ผ.
If you take on the challenge blindly without a strategy, you will be left out among your competitors.
๋ฐฐํํ๋ค
baetaehada
be pregnant
์๋ผ๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐํํ๋ค.
give birth to a baby
์๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐํํ๋ค.
conceive a baby
์์ด๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐํํ๋ค.
conceive a child
์ํ๋๋ค
sutaedoeda
be conceived; be fertilized
์์ด๊ฐ ์ํ๋์๋ค๋ ์์ฌ์ ๋ง์ ๋จํธ๊ณผ ๋๋ ์๋ก ๋ถ๋ฅ์ผ์๊ณ ๊ธฐ๋ปํ๋ค.
When the doctor told me that the baby had been conceived, my husband and I hugged each other and were happy.
์ํ๋ ์๊ธฐ๊ฐ ์ธ์์ ๋์ฌ ๋ ์ ๊ธฐ๋ค๋ฆฌ๋ฉด์ ์ฐ๋ฆฌ๋ ์ด๋ค ์ด๋ฆ์ ์ง์์ง ๊ณ ๋ฏผํ๋ค.
As we waited for our conceived baby to come into the world, we wondered what name to give him.
์ด๋จธ๋, ๋๋์ด ์๊ธฐ๊ฐ ์ํ๋์์ด์. ์์ 5์ฃผ ์ฐจ๋์.
Mom, the baby has finally been conceived. I'm 5 weeks pregnant.
์ํ์ํํ๋ค
witaewitaehada
very risky; very perilous
์ธ์ค์ ํ๋ ๊ด๋๋ ๋์ด์ง ๋ฏ ์ํ์ํํ๊ฒ ์ค ์๋ฅผ ๊ฑท๊ณ ์๋ค.
The clown who walks the rope is walking on the rope precariously, as if he might fall.
์ง์๋ ์๋ฐ ์์ ์ปคํผ ์ธ ์์ ๋ฐ์ณ ๋ค๊ณ ์ํ์ํํ๊ฒ ๊ฑธ์ด์จ๋ค.
Jisoo walks precariously, holding three cups of coffee on a tray.
์ ์์ ์ด๋๊ณ ์๋ ์ฅ๊ตฐ์ ๋ชฉ์จ์ ๋ฐ๋ ์์ ๋ฑ๋ถ๊ฐ์ด ์ํ์ํํ๋ค.
The life of a general leading a war is as precarious as a lamp in the wind.
์ํ๋๋ค
ingtaedoeda
be conceived
์ด๋ฏธ ์์๊ฒ ์๋ผ ์์ด ์ํ๋์๋ค.
A lamb was conceived by a mother sheep.
์๋์ ์๊ธฐ๊ฐ ์ํ๋ ์ฌ์ค์ ์๊ณ ๋ชธ์ ๋์ ๊ฒ์ ๋จน์ง ์์๋ค.
When the new wife found out that the baby was conceived, she stopped eating anything that was bad for her body.
์ํ๋ ์๋ช
.
Conceived life.
์ํํ๋ค
ingtaehada
be pregnant; conceive
ํค์ฐ๋ ๊ฐ๊ฐ ์๋ผ๋ฅผ ์ํํด์ ์ฃผ์ธ์ ์ ๊ฒฝ์ ๋ง์ด ์ผ๋ค.
The dog was pregnant with a baby, so the owner was very careful.
์๋ด๊ฐ ์๋ค์ ์ํํ๋ค๋ ์์์ ๋ฃ๊ณ ๋จํธ์ ๊ธฐ๋ป ํ์ฉ ๋ฐ์๋ค.
When the husband heard that his wife was pregnant with a son, he jumped for joy.
์ํํ ๋ฉฐ๋๋ฆฌ.
pregnant daughter-in-law.
๊ณกํด๋๋ค
gokaedoeda
be misinterpreted
ํ๋์ ์๋ฃ๋ฅผ ์๋ชป ํด์ํ๋ ๋ฐ๋์ ํ์ ์ ์ฒด๊ฐ ๊ณกํด๋์๋ค.
Due to a misinterpretation of one piece of data, the entire phenomenon was distorted.
๊ฐ๋ถ๋ค์ ์ํด ์์ด๋ก ๊ณกํด๋์๋ ํ ์ง์์ ์ฃฝ์์ด ์กฐ์ฌ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ํ์ด์ด์๋ค๊ณ ๋ฐํ์ก๋ค.
The death of an employee, which was misinterpreted as a suicide by executives, was found to be a homicide after investigation.
์ด ๋ถ๋ถ์ด ์ด๋ ๊ฒ ๊ณกํด๋๋ฉด ์คํ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๊ฐ ๋ค๋ฐ๋์ด์.
If this part is distorted like this, the results of the experiment will be reversed.
๋ฐํด๋๋ค
bakaedoeda
be persecuted; be oppressed
ํ๋ช
์ ์ค๋นํ๋ ์ฌ๋๋ค์ด ๋ฐ๋ ์ธ๋ ฅ์ ๋ถ์กํ ๋ฐํด๋์๋ค.
People who were preparing for the revolution were captured and persecuted by opposing forces.
๋
๋ฆฝ์ด๋๊ฐ๋ค์ด ์ง๋ฐฐ๊ตญ์ ๊ฐ๋ถ๋ค์๊ฒ ์กํ ๋ชจ์ง๊ฒ ๋ฐํด๋์๋ค.
Independence activists were captured and brutally persecuted by officials of the ruling country.
์ด ๋๋ผ๋ ํน์ ์ข
๊ต๋ฅผ ๋ฐ๋ํ๋๋ผ๊ณ ์.
This country opposes certain religions.
๋ถํด๋๋ค
bunhaedoeda
be disassembled; be dismantled
๋ฌ๋ฆฌ๊ธฐ๋ ์ค๋๊ธฐ์ ๊ฐ์ ์ ์ฐ์ ์ด๋์ ํ๋ฉด ์ง๋ฐฉ์ด ๋ถํด๋์ด ๋ค์ด์ดํธ์ ๋์์ด ๋๋ค.
Aerobic exercise, such as running or jumping rope, breaks down fat and helps with dieting.
์์ฒด๊ฐ ์ผ๋จ ๋
์์ ๋ฌปํ๊ณ ๋์ ์๊ฐ์ด ํ๋ฅด๋ฉด ๋ฏธ์๋ฌผ์ ์ํด ๋ถํด๋ผ์ ๋
์ ์์๋ถ์ด ๋๋ค.
Once a body is buried in the ground, it is decomposed by microorganisms over time and becomes nutrients in the ground.
์์๋ฌผ์ด ๋ชธ ์์ผ๋ก ๋ค์ด๊ฐ๋ฉด ๋ถํด๋์ด ์์์๋ ๋ชธ ์์ ํก์๋๊ณ ๋ถํ์ํ ์ฑ๋ถ์ ๋ชธ ๋ฐ์ผ๋ก ๋ฐฐ์ถ๋๋ค.
When food enters the body, it is broken down, nutrients are absorbed into the body, and unnecessary components are expelled from the body.
์ดํด๋นํ๋ค
salhaedanghada
be murdered; be killed
๊ฐ๊ฒ ์ง์์ ์ด์ ๋ ๊ฐ๋์๊ฒ ๋์ ๋นผ์๊ธฐ๊ณ ๊ทธ ์๋ฆฌ์์ ์ดํด๋นํ๋ค.
The store employee was robbed of his money by a gun-wielding robber and killed on the spot.
ํ์ง์ ์ฌ๋ ๊ฐ์กฑ์ด ๊ดดํ์ ์ํด ๋ชจ๋ ์ฃฝ๋ ์ฌ๊ฑด์ด ๋ฐ์ํ์ต๋๋ค.
An incident occurred in which a family living in the same house were all killed by a gunman.
๋ค, ์ด๋ค์ ๋ชจ๋ ์นผ์ ์ฐ๋ ค ์์ธํ๊ฒ ์ดํด๋นํ๋ค๊ณ ํฉ๋๋ค.
Yes, it is said that they were all brutally murdered by stabbing.
์ดํด๋๋ค
salhaedoeda
be murdered; be killed
๊ทธ์ ๋์์ ์ฐ์ ์ด์ธ๋ฒ์๊ฒ ๋ฌด์ฐธํ ์ดํด๋์๋ค.
His younger brother was brutally murdered by a serial killer.
ํผ์ ์ด๋ ๋จ์ฑ์ด ์ง์์ ๋๊ตฐ๊ฐ์๊ฒ ์ดํด๋ ์ง ํ ๋ฌ๋ง์ ๋ฐ๊ฒฌ๋์๋ค.
A man who lived alone was found a month after being murdered by someone in his home.
๊ฐ๋์๊ฒ ์ดํด๋๋ค.
killed by a robber
์ํด๋๋ค
sonhaenada
be damaged
๊ทธ๋ ์น๊ตฌ์ ํ๋ ์ฌ์
์ด ์คํจํ์ฌ ๊ฑฐ์ก์ด ์ํด๋ฌ๋ค.
The business he was doing with a friend failed and he lost a lot of money.
์ด๋ฒ ํ์ฌ๋ก ์ฒ๋ง ์์ด ์ํด๋์ ๊ณต์ฅ ์ฌ์ ์ด ์ด๋ ค์์ก๋ค.
This fire caused a loss of 10 million won, making the factory's situation difficult.
๋ด ๋ง์ ๋ฏฟ๊ณ ์ด๋ฒ ํ๋ก์ ํธ์ ํฌ์ํด. ์ ๋ง ์ฑ๊ณตํ ์ ์์ด.
Trust me and invest in this project. You can really succeed.
์ํด๋๋ค
sihaedoeda
be murdered
์ ์ ์ค์ ์์ด ์ ์ฅ์๊ฒ ์ํด๋์๋ค.
During the war, the king was assassinated by an enemy general.
๋๊ท๋ชจ ๊ฒฝํธ ์ธ๋ ฅ๋ ๋ํต๋ น์ด ์ํด๋๋ ๊ฒ์ ๋ง์ง ๋ชปํ๋ค.
Even a large security force could not prevent the president from being assassinated.
๋ด์ค ๋ดค์ด? ๋ถ๋ชจ๊ฐ ์๋ค์๊ฒ ์ํด๋ ์ฌ๊ฑด์ด ๋ฐ์ํ๋.
Did you see the news? There was an incident where a parent was murdered by his son.
์ ํด๋๋ค
jeohaedoeda
be disrupted; be hindered; be stunted
์์๋ถ์ด ์ถฉ๋ถํ์ง ์์ผ๋ฉด ์๋ฌผ์ ์ฑ์ฅ์ด ์ ํด๋๋ค.
If there are not enough nutrients, plant growth is inhibited.
๋ฏผ์ค์ด๋ ์ฐ์ต ๋ถ์๊ธฐ์ ์ ํด๋๋ ์ฐ๋งํ ํ๋์ ํ๋ค๊ฐ ์ฃผ์๋ฅผ ๋ฐ์๋ค.
Minjun was cautioned for engaging in distracting behavior that disrupted the practice atmosphere.
์ฌํด์๋ ์๋ก์ด ์ฌ์
์ ๋ํ ํฌ์ ๊ธ์ก์ ์ค์ผ ์์ ์
๋๋ค.
This year, we plan to reduce the amount of investment in new businesses.
๊ฑฐ๋ญ๋๋ค
geodeupttoeda
be repeated; occur repeatedly
์ค์๊ฐ ๊ฑฐ๋ญ๋๋ฉด ์ ์ฉ์ ์๊ฒ ๋ ์๋ ์๋ค.
If you make repeated mistakes, you may lose your credibility.
๊ฒฝ์ ๋ฅผ ์ด๋ฆฌ๋ ค๋ ์ ๋ถ์ ๋์์๋ ๋
ธ๋ ฅ์๋ ๋ถ๊ตฌํ๊ณ ๊ฒฝ๊ธฐ ๋ถํฉ์ด ๊ฑฐ๋ญ๋์๋ค.
Despite the government's continuous efforts to revive the economy, economic recession continued.
ํ๋
์ด ๋ช ๋
์งธ ๊ฑฐ๋ญ๋๊ณ ์์ด.
There has been repeated poor harvests for several years.
๊ฑฐ๋ก ๋๋ค
georondoeda
be mentioned; be brought up
ํฐ ๊ธฐ์
์ ์ฐจ๊ธฐ ํ์ฅ ์๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋๊ณ ์ฌ๋ฌ ํ๋ณด๋ค์ด ๊ฑฐ๋ก ๋์๋ค.
Several candidates were mentioned for the position of next chairman of a large company.
์ธ๊ตญ์ ๊ฐ์ผ ๋์ฐ๋ฌผ์ ์ผ๋ง๋ ์์
ํ ๊ฒ์ธ๊ฐ์ ๋ฌธ์ ๋ ์ฌ์ ํ ๋์ด์ง ์๊ณ ๊ฑฐ๋ก ๋๊ณ ์๋ค.
The issue of how much cheap agricultural products to import from foreign countries is still constantly being discussed.
๊น ์ฌ์ฅ, ์ด๋ฒ์ ๋ฌด์จ ์ฌ์
์ ๋ฒ์ธ๋ค๊ณ ํ์ง?
President Kim, what business did you say you were doing this time?
๊ฑฐ๋ช
๋๋ค
geomyeongdoeda
be named; be mentioned
๊น ์ ์๋์ด ์ง์ญ ์๋ฏผ ๋จ์ฒด์ ์ฐจ๊ธฐ ์์์ฅ ํ๋ณด๋ก ๊ฑฐ๋ช
๋์๋ค.
Mr. Kim was named as a candidate for the next chairman of a local civic group.
๊ฒฝ์ฐฐ์ ์ต๊ทผ ํญ๋ ฅ ์ฌ๊ฑด์ ์ ๋ ฅํ ์ฉ์์๋ก ๊ฑฐ๋ช
๋ ์ฌ๋์ ์๋ฐฐํ๋ค.
Police are looking for a person named as a prime suspect in a recent violent incident.
๋ง์ ๊ณ ์ ์ธ์ฌ๋ค์ด ๋๋ฌผ์ ๋ฐ์๋ค๋ฉฐ?
I heard that many high-ranking officials took bribes?
๋๋ธ๋ฌ์ง๋ค
neolbeureojida
be scattered
๊ฒฝ๊ธฐ๊ฐ ๋๋ ๋ค ๊ด์ค์์๋ ์ฐ๋ ๊ธฐ๊ฐ ๋๋ธ๋ฌ์ ธ ์์๋ค.
After the game ended, trash was strewn about in the stands.
์ง์์ ๋ฐฉ์ ์ก๋์ฌ๋๊ฐ ์ฌ๋ฐฉ์ ๋๋ธ๋ฌ์ ธ ์์ด ๋ฐ ๋๋ ํ์ด ์์๋ค.
Jisoo's room had miscellaneous things strewn everywhere and there was no room to move.
๋
์ ๋๋ธ๋ฌ์ง๋ค.
sprawled on the ground
๋ค๋ฌ๋ถ๋ค
deulleobuttta
be stuck; be attached
์ฌ๋ฆ์ท์ด ๋น์ ์ ์ผ๋ ๋ชธ์ ์ฐฉ ๋ค๋ฌ๋ถ์๋ค.
My summer clothes got wet from the rain and stuck to my body.
์์ ์ด ์ ์ด๋ ๊ฒ ๋ค ๋ถ์์ก์ด?
Why is the fish all broken up like this?
์์ ์ ๋ค๋ฌ๋ถ์ด์ ๋ถ์์ก์ด์.
It stuck to the grill and broke.
๋ฐ์ค๋ฌ์ง๋ค
baseureojida
be broken to pieces
๋ฐ๋ฅ์ ๋จ์ด์ง ์ ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ ๋ฐ์ค๋ฌ์ ธ ์ฐ์ฐ์กฐ๊ฐ์ด ๋ฌ๋ค.
The glass that fell to the floor crumbled and shattered.
๋นต์ ๋ฐ์น ๋ง๋ฆฐ ๋ค ๊ฐ์ ๋ด์ ๋นต์ด ๋ชจ๋ ๋ฐ์ค๋ฌ์ ธ ๊ฐ๋ฃจ๊ฐ ๋์๋ค.
After drying the bread and grinding it, the bread crumbled and turned into powder.
๋ฐ์ค๋ฌ์ง๋ ์๋ฆฌ.
Crumbling sound.
๋ถ์ค๋ฌ์ง๋ค
buseureojida
be smashed; be broken; be crushed
์ฌํ์ด ๋ฐ๋ฅ์ ๋จ์ด์ง๋ฉด์ ๋ถ์ค๋ฌ์ ธ ๋ชป ๋จน๊ฒ ๋์๋ค.
The candy fell to the floor and broke apart, making it inedible.
์ปค๋ค๋ ๋ฐ์๊ฐ ๋น๋ฐ๋์ ๋ถ์ค๋ฌ์ ธ์ ์์ ์๊ฐ์ด ๋์๋ค.
The large rock crumbled in the wind and rain and became small pebbles.
๊ณผ์ ๋ถ์ค๋ฌ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํ๋ฆฌ์ง ๋ง๊ณ ๊นจ๋ํ๊ฒ ๋จน์ด๋ผ.
Eat clean, without spilling cookie crumbs.
์๊ทธ๋ฌ์ง๋ค
sugeureojida
be bowed
ํด๊ฐ ์ง์ ๋ํ๊ฝ์ด ํน ์๊ทธ๋ฌ์ก๋ค.
As the sun set, the morning glories faded.
๋ฐ ๊ต์๋ ์์ ์๋ฉด ๊ทธ๋ถ์ ์ฑํ์ ์ ์ ๋ก ๋จธ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ ์๊ทธ๋ฌ์ง๋ค.
When I stand in front of Professor Park, my head naturally sinks at his personality.
๊ณ ๊ฐ๊ฐ ์๊ทธ๋ฌ์ง๋ค.
bow one's head
์๋ฌํ๋ค
yoreohada
be this way; be like this
๋ค ์ฑ๊ฒฉ์ด ์๋ฌํ๋ ๋๊ฐ ๋๋ ์น๊ตฌ๊ฐ ๋๊ณ ์ถ๊ฒ ๋?
With your personality like this, who would want to be friends with you?
๋๋ ๋ง ์ ์์ ๊นฌ ์๋ฌํ ๋ชจ์ต์ผ๋ก๋ ์๋ฌด๋ ๋ง๋๊ณ ์ถ์ง ์์๋ค.
I didn't want to meet anyone looking like this when I just woke up.
๋ ์ ๋ง๋ก ํ ์ ๋ฌ์ด.
I'm not really angry.
๋ฒ๋ ค์ง๋ค
beoryeojida
be dumped; be thrown away
์ข
์ด์ปต๊ณผ ๋ด๋ฐฐ๊ฝ์ด๋ค์ด ๋ค๋ฆฌ ๋ฐ์ ๋ฒ๋ ค์ ธ ์์๋ค.
Paper cups and cigarette butts were left under the bridge.
๊ตฌ์ฒญ์์๋ ๋ฒ๋ ค์ง ์์ ๊ฑฐ๋ฅผ ์๋ฆฌํด์ ์ ์๋์ธต์๊ฒ ๋ฌด๋ฃ๋ก ๋๋ ์ค๋ค.
The district office repairs abandoned bicycles and distributes them to low-income people for free.
์ด๋ฒ ๋ง๋ค๊ธฐ ์์ ๋ ์ด๋ป๊ฒ ํ ๊ณํ์ด๋?
What do you plan to do with this craft homework?
๋ฒ๋ฌผ๋ฆฌ๋ค
beomullida
be mixed
์๋
์ด ๋ฉด์ ๊ณ ๋ฃจ ๋ฒ๋ฌผ๋ฆฌ์ง ์์์ ์์์ด ์ฑ๊ฑฐ์ ๋ค.
The seasoning was not evenly mixed with the noodles, so the food was bland.
์ด ์๋ฌ๋๋ ๋ค์ํ ์ฌ๋ฃ๋ค์ด ์ ๋ฒ๋ฌผ๋ ค ํ๋ถํ ๋ง์ด ๋๋ค.
This salad has a rich taste because the various ingredients mix well.
์ฌ๋ฃ๊ฐ ๋ฒ๋ฌผ๋ฆฌ๋ค.
The ingredients are mixed together.
๋ฒ์๋ค
beolseoda
be punished in a certain place
๋ฏผ์ค์ด๋ ์ฅ๋์ ์น๋ค๊ฐ ๊ฑธ๋ ค์ ๊ต์ค ์ ๋ณต๋์์ ๋ฒ์๊ณ ์๋ค.
Minjun gets caught playing around and is standing in the hallway next to the classroom.
๋๋ ๋ฐ์ฐฌ ํฌ์ ์ ํ๋ค๊ฐ ์๋ง์๊ฒ ํผ๋๊ณ ํ ์๊ฐ ๋์์ด๋ ๋ฒ์ฐ๋ค.
I complained about the side dishes, got scolded by my mom, and stood there for an hour.
์น๊ท๋ ์ ๋ฒ์๋ ๊ฑฐ์ผ?
Why are you punishing Seung-gyu?
๋์ด๋ถ๋ค
nureobuttta
be scorched; burn; burn to the bottom of a pot or pan
๋ถํ์ ๊ณ ๊ธฐ๊ฐ ๋์ด๋ถ์ด์ ์ค๊ฑฐ์ง๋ฅผ ํ ๋ ํ์ด ๋ค์๋ค.
The meat stuck to the grill, making it difficult to wash the dishes.
๋๋ ๋ก์ด ๋๋น์ ๋์ด๋ถ์ง ์๋๋ก ๋๋ฌด ์ฃผ๊ฑฑ์ผ๋ก ์ ์๋ค.
I stirred the rice cakes with a wooden spatula to keep them from sticking to the pot.
๋์ด๋ถ์ ๋๋น.
A stuck pot.
๋ค๋ฌ์ด์ง๋ค
dadeumeojida
be well-groomed
์ ๋ฌธ๊ฐ์ ์๊ธธ์ ๊ฑฐ์ณค๋๋ ์น๊ท์ ๋จธ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ ํ๊ฒฐ ๋ค๋ฌ์ด์ง ๋ชจ์ต์ด๋ค.
After going through the expert's touch, Seunggyu's hair looks much more polished.
์ ์๋๊ป์๋ ๋ด ์๊ฐ ์ข ๋ ๋ค๋ฌ์ด์ง๋ฉด ์ข๊ฒ ๋ค๊ณ ๋ง์ํด ์ฃผ์
จ๋ค.
The teacher said that it would be nice if my poetry were a little more refined.
์ด ์์ด๋์ด๋ ์ ๋ค๋ฌ์ด์ง๋ฉด ์ ์ํ ๊ฐ๋ฐ์ ํ์ฉํ ์ ์๊ฒ ๊ตฐ.
If this idea is refined well, it can be used to develop new products.
๋ค์ง์ด์ง๋ค
dwijibeojida
be turned inside out; be turned upside down
๋ณดํธ๊ฐ ํ๋๋ฅผ ๋๋ค๊ฐ ๋ค์ง์ด์ง๊ณ ๋ง์๋ค.
The boat flipped over while crossing the waves.
์ผ์ด์ ์ธ์ ์ผ์ ๋ถ๋ง์ด ๋ง์์ ์ธ์์ด ๋ค์ง์ด์ง๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ๋ผ๋ ์ฌ๋ ๊ฐ๋ค.
My uncle seems to be a person who is so dissatisfied with things in the world that he wants the world to turn upside down.
์ง์ ๋ฌด์จ ์ผ์ด ์์ด์?
What's going on at home?
๋ค์ด๋ฐํ๋ค
deureobakida
be stuck inside
๊ณ ์์ด๋ ๋ฐ๊ฐ๋ฝ ์ฌ์ด์ ๋ค์ด๋ฐํ ๋ ์นด๋ก์ด ๋ฐํฑ์ ๋๋ฌ๋๋ค.
The cat revealed its sharp claws stuck between its toes.
๋จ์ ๊ฐ์ด์ ๋ค์ด๋ฐํ ์๋ ํ์ด๋ณด๋ค ๋ด ์๊ฐ๋ฝ ๋์ ๋ฐํ ์์ ๊ฐ์๊ฐ ๋ ์ํ ๋ฒ์ด๋ค.
A small thorn stuck in the tip of my finger hurts more than an arrow stuck in someone else's chest.
๊ฐ์๊ฐ ๋ฐ๋ฐ๋ฅ์ ๋ค์ด๋ฐํ๋ค.
A thorn gets stuck in the sole of the foot.
๋ค์ด๋ถ๋ค
deureobuttta
be stuck to; be attached
์
์์ ์ฐ๋์ฐ๋ ์ฟ๊ฐ๋ฝ์ด ๋ค์ด๋ถ์๋ค.
A sticky piece of taffy was stuck in my mouth.
ํ๊ด ์์ชฝ์ ์ง๋ฐฉ์ง์ด ๋ค์ด๋ถ์ผ๋ฉด ํ๊ด์ด ์ข์์ ธ ํ์ก ์ํ์ ๋ฌธ์ ๊ฐ ์๊ธธ ์ ์๋ค.
If fat gets stuck inside the blood vessels, the blood vessels may narrow, causing problems with blood circulation.
๊ฑฐ๋ฏธ์ค์ด ์ผ๊ตด์ ๋ค์ด๋ถ๋ค.
Spider webs stick to your face.
์กฐ์ฒ๋๋ค
jocheodoeda
be dealt with; be implemented
์ฅ๊ธฐ์๋ค์ ์๋ฐฉ ์กฐ์ฒ๋๊ธฐ๋ง์ ์๊ผฝ์ ๊ธฐ๋ค๋ ธ๋ค.
Long-term prisoners waited eagerly for their release.
๋๋ฌผ์ ๋ฐ์ ๊ฒ์ผ๋ก ๋๋ฌ๋ ์ง์๋ค์ ํด๊ณ ์กฐ์ฒ๋์๋ค.
Employees found to have received bribes were fired.
์ฌํ๊ฐ ์กฐ์ฒ๋๋ค.
The situation is resolved.
์ฒ๋จ๋๋ค
cheodandoeda
be punished; (a disciplinary action) be taken
์ฌ๋ฌ ์ฌ๋์ ํด์น ๋ฒ์ธ์ด ๊ฒฝ์ฐฐ์ ์์ ์ฒ๋จ๋์๋ค.
A criminal who harmed several people was executed by the police.
๊ตญ๋ฏผ๋ค์ ์ค๋ ์ธ์์ ๊ตฐ๋ฆผํ ๋
์ฌ์๊ฐ ์ฒ๋จ๋๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ๋๋ค.
The people hoped that the dictator who had ruled for a long time would be punished.
๋ฐ์ญ์๊ฐ ์ฒ๋จ๋๋ค.
A traitor is executed.
์ฒ๋ฐํ๋ค
cheobakida
be slammed into
๋น ๋ฅด๊ฒ ๋ฌ๋ ค์ค๋ ์๋์ฐจ๊ฐ ๊ฑด๋ฌผ ์
๊ตฌ์ ์ฒ๋ฐํ๋ค.
A car that was driving fast ended up at the entrance of the building.
๋๋ ๋ณ์์ ๊ฐ์ ํ๋ฒ
์ง์ ์ฒ๋ฐํ ์ด์์ ๊บผ๋๋ค.
I went to the hospital and took out the bullet lodged in my thigh.
์คํ ๋ฐ์ด๊ฐ ์ฒ๋ฐํ๋ค.
The motorcycle gets stuck.
์ฒ์น๋๋ค
cheochidoeda
be treated; be handled
๋ด๋น์๊ฐ ํด๊ฐ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ์ ์ฒ์น๋ ์ผ์ด ํ๋๋ ์์๋ค.
There was no case where the person in charge went on vacation and was dealt with.
๋ด๊ฐ ๋ง๋ ์์์ด ๋ฐฉ์ก์ด ๋ถ๊ฐํ ๊ฒ์ผ๋ก ์ฒ์น๋ ์ฌ์ค์ ์์๋ค.
I found out that the video I made was deemed unbroadcastable.
๋ง๊ฐ ๋ ์ง๊ฐ ๋ค ๋์ด ๊ฐ๋๋ฐ ์ผ์ ๋ค ํ์ด?
The due date is approaching. Have you done your work?
์ฒํ๋นํ๋ค
cheohyeongdanghada
be executed
๋ฐ์ญ์๊ฐ ์ฒํ๋นํ๋ค.
A traitor is executed.
๋ฒ์ธ์ด ์ฒํ๋นํ๋ค.
The criminal is executed.
์ฃ์๊ฐ ์ฒํ๋นํ๋ค.
A prisoner is executed.
์ฒํ๋๋ค
cheohyeongdoeda
be executed
๊ทธ ๋จ์๋ ์ฒํ๋์ด ๋คํ์ ๋ฌปํ๋ค.
The man was executed and buried in a field.
ํฌ๋ก๊ฐ ๋ ๋ฐ๋๊ตฐ์ ๋ชจ๋ ์ฒํ๋์๋ค.
All captured rebels were executed.
๋ง์ฝ ์ ๊ตฐ์๊ฒ ์กํ๋ค๋ฉด ์ฐ๋ฆฌ๋ ์ด๋ป๊ฒ ๋ ๊น?
What would happen to us if we were captured by the enemy?
๋๋ฆฌํฐ๋ถํ๋ค
neuriteobunhada
very slow
๋๋ฆฌํฐ๋ถํ ๊ฑธ์์ผ๋ก ๊ฑธ์๋๋ ์ง๊น์ง ํ์ฐธ์ด ๊ฑธ๋ ธ๋ค.
I walked at a slow pace, and it took a long time to get home.
๋์์ ํ๋ ํ๋์ด ๋ ๋๋ฆฌํฐ๋ถํด์ ๋ต๋ตํ๋ค.
My younger brother always acts slowly and is frustrating.
์๋ก ๋ค์ด ์จ ์ ์
์ฌ์ํํ
๋ ์ผ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ ์ข ์ฃผ์ง?
Can you give some work to the new employee?
๋ฏธ์ดํฐ์ง๋ค
mieoteojida
be packed with; be full of
๊ธธ์ด ๋ฏธ์ดํฐ์ง๋ค.
The road is long.
์๋น์ด ๋ฏธ์ดํฐ์ง๋ค.
The restaurant explodes.
์งํ์ฒ ์ด ๋ฏธ์ดํฐ์ง๋ค.
The subway explodes.
์ป์ดํฐ์ง๋ค
eodeoteojida
be beaten
๋๋ ๋ฐ์์ ๊ฐ์ฅ ํ์ผ ์์ด์๊ฒ ๋บจ์ ์ป์ดํฐ์ ธ์ ๋ฉ์ด ๋ค์๋ค.
I got a bruise on my cheek from being punched by the strongest kid in the class.
๋ฏผ์ค์ด๋ ์๋ชป์ ํ๋ ๋ฐ๋์ ๋ถ๋ชจ๋์ผ๋ก๋ถํฐ ์๋ฉ์ด๋ฅผ ์ป์ดํฐ์ก๋ค.
Minjun got his butt kicked by his parents because he did something wrong.
๋ ์ผ๊ตด์ด ์ ๊ทธ๋? ์์ ๋นจ๊ฐ๊ฒ ๋์ด.
What's wrong with your face? It turned completely red.
ํฐ์ง๋ค
teojida
be broken down; be pierced
์์ ๋์ ๋์ด ํฐ์ ธ์ ๋ง์์ด ๋ฌผ์ ์ ๊ฒผ๋ค.
The dam burst and the village was flooded.
ํ์ ์ด ํฐ์ง๋ ์๋ฆฌ์ ์ฃผ๋ณ ์ฌ๋๋ค์ ๋ชจ๋ ๋๋๋ค.
Everyone around was surprised by the sound of the balloon popping.
๋์ด ํฐ์ง๋ค.
The dam bursts.
์งํผ๋๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๋ค
jilpeodeokkkeorida
be muddy; be watery
๋์ด ๋ง์ด ์์ ๋๋ก๊ฐ ์งํผ๋๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๋ค.
There is a lot of snow and the roads are muddy.
๋ฐ์ฃฝ์ด ์งํผ๋๊ฑฐ๋ ค์ ์๋ฆฌ์ฌ๋ ๋ฐ๊ฐ๋ฃจ๋ฅผ ๋ ๋ฃ์๋ค.
The dough was sticky, so the cook added more flour.
๋น๊ฐ ์จ ํ ๋
์ด ์งํผ๋๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๋ค.
The ground is muddy after it rains.
์งํผ๋๋๋ค
jilpeodeokttaeda
be muddy; be watery
๋๋ ์ ๋ฐ์ด ๋๋ฌ์์ง๊น ๋ด ์งํผ๋๋๋ ๊ธธ์ ํผํด ๋ค๋
๋ค.
I avoided the muddy roads for fear of getting my shoes dirty.
๋นต์ ๋ง๋ค๊ธฐ์๋ ๋ฐ์ฃฝ์ด ์งํผ๋๋์ ๋ฐ๊ฐ๋ฃจ๋ฅผ ๋ ๋ฃ์๋ค.
The dough was too sticky to make bread, so I added more flour.
์งํผ๋๋๋ ๊ณจ๋ชฉ๊ธธ.
A muddy alley.
์งํผ๋์งํผ๋ํ๋ค
jilpeodeokjjilpeodeokada
be muddy; be watery
์งํผ๋์งํผ๋ํ ์ด๋์ฅ์์ ๋ด ํ์๋ค์ ํํฌ์ฑ์ด๊ฐ ๋์๋ค.
Students who ran on the muddy playground became covered in dirt.
ํ๋ฐญ์ด ์งํผ๋์งํผ๋ํด์ ๋์๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๊น์ง ์๊ณ ๋ ์์ ์๊ฐ ์์๋ค.
The grass was so soft that I couldn't sit down without laying down a mat.
๋ฐ์ฃฝ์ด ์งํผ๋์งํผ๋ํด์ ๋ฐ์ฃฝ์ด ์์์ ๋จ์ด์ง์ง ์์์.
The dough is fluffy and doesn't fall off your hands.
ํ๊ฒ์ง๊ฒํ๋ค
heogeopjjigeopada
be in a hurry; be in a rush; be flustered
๋๋์ ๋๋ง์น๋ ๋ฐ ํ๊ฒ์ง๊ฒํด์ ํ์น ๋์ด ๋ ์๋ฃจ์ ๋๊ณ ๋์๋ค.
The thief was in a hurry to escape, so he left behind the sack containing the stolen money.
๊ฐ์์ง๋ ์ค๋ ๊ตถ์๋์ง ํ๊ฒ์ง๊ฒํ๋ฉฐ ๊ทธ๋ฆ์ ์ฝ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ๊ณ ๋ฐฅ์ ๋จน์๋ค.
The puppy must have been starving for a long time and ate with his nose in the bowl.
๊ณผ์ ์ ์ถ์ ์ํ์ด? ์ค๋์ด ๋ง๊ฐ์ธ ๊ฑฐ ์ด์ ์์๋ค๋ฉฐ?
Did you submit your assignment well? I heard you found out yesterday that today is the deadline?
ํ๋ฌผ๋ค
heomulda
be inflamed; be festering; become sore
๊ตฐ์ธ๋ค์ ์ค๋ ํ๊ตฐ์ผ๋ก ๋ฐ๋ฐ๋ฅ์ด ์จํต ํ๋ฌผ์๋ค.
The soles of the soldiers' feet were completely torn from the long march.
ํ๋ฌธ ๊ณณ์ด ๊ฐ๋ ค์ ๋ง์ก๋๋ ์ง๋ฌผ์ด ๋๊ธฐ ์์ํ๋ค.
The area was itchy, so I touched it and it started to ooze.
๋ ์ฝ ๋ฐ์ด ์ ์ด๋ ๊ฒ ๋นจ๊ฐ์ก์ด?
Why is under your nose so red?
ํ๋ฌผ์ด์ง๋ค
heomureojida
be pulled down; be torn down; be demolished
ํฐ ํ๋๋ ์์ ํ๋๋ก ํ๋ฌผ์ด์ ธ ๋ฐ๋ฐ๊น์ง ๋ฐ๋ผ์๋ค.
The big waves broke down into smaller waves that followed right under my feet.
์ผ์ค์คํ ํ๊ฐ์ ๋ฒฝ๊ณผ ๋๋ฌธ์ ๋ฒผ๋ฝ์ ๋ง์ ๋ฏ์ด ํ๋ฌผ์ด์ ธ ์์๋ค.
The walls and gate of the eerie haunted house had collapsed as if struck by lightning.
๋ค๋ถ์ ํค์น๊ณ ๋๊ฐ์ ๊ฑฐ์ ๋ค ํ๋ฌผ์ด์ง ์ด๋ผํ ๋ฌด๋ค์ด ๋ํ๋ฌ๋ค.
As we made our way through the bushes, we came across a shabby tomb that was almost completely destroyed.
ํ๋น๋๋ค
heobidoeda
be wasted; be idled away
๋๋ ์๋ ํ์๋ค์ ์งํํ๋๋ผ ๊ท์คํ ์๊ฐ๋ค์ด ํ๋น๋์๋ค.
Precious time was wasted conducting endless meetings.
์ ์ฒด ๊ฐ๋ฐ ๋น์ฉ์ ์ ๋ฐ ์ด์์ด ๋ถํ์ํ ์ฐ๊ตฌ์ ํ๋น๋ ๊ฒ์ผ๋ก ๋ฐํ์ก๋ค.
It was revealed that more than half of the total development cost was wasted on unnecessary research.
์ฐ๋ฆฌ ์ถ๊ตฌํ์ด ๋ ๋ฒ์งธ ๊ณจ์ ์ป์ ๊ฒ์ ํ๋น๋ ์๊ฐ์ ์ ์ฉํ ์ฌ์ญ์ก ๋ถ์ด์๋ค.
It took forty-six minutes of wasted time for our soccer team to get its second goal.
๊ฒ์๋๋ค
geyangdoeda
be hoisted
์ฌ๋ฆผํฝ ๊ฒฝ๊ธฐ์ฅ์๋ ์ฌ๋ฆผํฝ์ ์์งํ๋ ๊น๋ฐ์ด ๊ฒ์๋์ด ์๋ค.
A flag symbolizing the Olympics is hoisted at the Olympic Stadium.
๋ชจ๋ ๊ตฐ์ธ๋ค์ด ์ผ์ด๋์ ๊ฒ์๋ ํ๊ทน๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํฅํด ์์ํ ๊ฒฝ๋ก๋ฅผ ํ์๋ค.
All the soldiers stood up and solemnly saluted the raised Taegeukgi.
ํ๊ต ์
๊ตฌ๋ถํฐ ์ฌ๋ฌ ์์ ๊น๋ฐ์ด ๊ฒ์๋์ด ์์ด.
Flags of various colors are hoisted at the school entrance.
๋ชฉ๋ฉ๋ค
mongmeda
be choked; be stuck
์ด์ฐ๊ฐ์กฑ๋ค์ ๋ชฉ๋ฉ ๋ชฉ์๋ฆฌ๋ก ํค์ด์ง ๊ฐ์กฑ๋ค์ ์ด๋ฆ์ ๋ถ๋ ๋ค.
Separated families called out the names of their separated family members in hoarse voices.
๋ถ์์ ์ฌ๊ณ ๋ก ์์์ ์์ ์ด๋จธ๋๋ ์ฅ๋ก์์ฅ์์ ๋ชฉ๋ฉ์ด ์ค์ดํ์๋ค.
A mother who lost her child in an unexpected accident was sobbing and choking at the funeral home.
์ผ๋ฑ ํ์ ์๊ฐ์ ๋ง์ํด ์ฃผ์์ฃ .
Please tell us how you feel about winning first place.
๊ฑฐ์ธ๋นํ๋ค
geosedanghada
be castrated
๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ์ ๊ณ ์์ด๋ค์ ๋๋๋ก ๊ฑฐ์ธ๋นํ๋ค.
Street cats are sometimes castrated.
๊ฑฐ์ธ๋นํ ๋ฒ์ฃ์๋ค์ ์ธ๊ถ ๋ฌธ์ ์ ๋ํ ์ธ๊ถ ๋จ์ฒด์ ๋นํ์ด ์ผ๊ณ ์๋ค.
There is growing criticism from human rights groups regarding the human rights issues of castrated criminals.
์ฃผ์ธ์ ํธ์๋ฅผ ์ํด์ ๊ฑฐ์ธ๋นํ ๊ฐ์์ง๋ค์ด ๋๋ฌด ๋ถ์ํด.
I feel so sorry for the dogs that have been castrated for the convenience of their owners.
๊ฑฐ์ธ๋๋ค
geosedoeda
be castrated
๊ฑฐ์ธ๋ ๋จ์ฑ์ผ์ง๋ผ๋ ์ฑ์์ด๋ ์ฑ์ ๊ธฐ๋ฅ์ ๋จ์ ์์ ์ ์๋ค.
Even castrated men may retain sexual desire or function.
์ง์์ ๊ธฐ๋ฅด๋ ๊ฐ๋ค์ ๋์ฒด๋ก ์ง์ง๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ชปํ๊ฒ ๊ฑฐ์ธ๋ ๊ฐ๋ค์ด๋ค.
Domestic dogs are usually castrated to prevent them from mating.
ํํ์ ์ผ๋ก ๊ฑฐ์ธ๋๋ฉด ์ฑ์ ๊ธฐ๋ฅ์ด ๋จ์ด์ง๋์?
Does sexual function decline if you are chemically castrated?
์์์ธ์ด๋ค
ewossaida
be surrounded; be enclosed; be encircled
์ฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ง์์ ์ค๊ฐ์ฒ์ผ๋ก ์์์ธ์ฌ ์๋ค.
Our village is surrounded by Silgaecheon.
์๊ตฐ๋ค์ ์ง์ง๋ ์ฌ๋ฐฉ์ ์ ๋ค๋ก ์์์ธ์๋ค.
Our soldiers' camp was surrounded by enemies on all sides.
์ํ ์ ์๋์ ์ธ๊ธฐ๊ฐ ์ข์์ ํญ์ ์์ด๋ค์๊ฒ ์์์ธ์ฌ ์๋ค.
The math teacher is so popular that he is always surrounded by children.
๊ฒฌ์ ๋๋ค
gyeonjedoeda
be checked; be held in check
๋๋ ์๋์ธก์ ์ง์ค์ ์ผ๋ก ๊ฒฌ์ ๋ผ์ ๊ณต๊ฒฉํ๊ธฐ๊ฐ ์ด๋ ค์ ๋ค.
It was difficult for me to attack because the opposing side was heavily in control.
๊ฐ์ฅ ๋์ ์ง์ง์จ์ ๋ณด์ด๋ ๊ถ ํ๋ณด๋ ๋ค๋ฅธ ํ๋ณด์๋ค์๊ฒ ๊ฒฌ์ ๋๋ค.
Candidate Kwon, who had the highest approval rating, was kept in check by other candidates.
๊ฒฝ์ฐฐ๊ณผ ๊ฒ์ฐฐ์ ์์ฌ๊ถ์ด ์๋ก ๊ฒฌ์ ๋ ์ ์๋ ์ ๋์ ์ฅ์น๊ฐ ๋ง๋ จ๋๋ค.
An institutional mechanism has been established to keep the investigative powers of the police and prosecutors in check.
๊ณต์ ๋๋ค
gongjedoeda
be deducted
์ฅ์ ์ธ์ ๊ฒฝ์ฐ๋ ์๋ฃ๋น๊ฐ ํ๋์ ๊ด๊ณ์์ด ์ ์ก ๊ณต์ ๋๋ค.
For disabled people, medical expenses are fully deductible regardless of the limit.
๋ฏผ์ค์ด๋ ๋ฐฑ๋ง ์์ ์๊ธ์์ ์์๋ฃ๊ฐ ๊ณต์ ๋ ๊ธ์ก์ธ ๊ตฌ์ญ๋ง ์์ ๋ฐ์๋ค.
Minjun received 900,000 won, which is the amount after fees were deducted from the prize money of 1 million won.
๊ณต์ ๋ ๊ธ์ก.
Deducted amount.
๊ตฌ์ ๋๋ค
gujedoeda
be aided; be relieved
์ฐ๋ฆฌ ๊ธฐ์
์ ์ํ ์ต์๋ฅผ ํตํด ๋ถ๋ ์๊ธฐ๋ก๋ถํฐ ๊ตฌ์ ๋์๋ค.
Our company was saved from bankruptcy through a bank loan.
๋ง์ฝ ์ค๋
์๋ ์ ๋ฌธ ์น๋ฃ ์ผํฐ์์ ๊พธ์คํ ์น๋ฃ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ์ผ๋ฉด ์ค๋
์์ ๊ตฌ์ ๋ ์ ์๋ค.
Even drug addicts can be relieved of their addiction if they receive consistent treatment at a specialized treatment center.
์ค์
์๋ค์ด ๊ตฌ์ ๋๋ค.
The unemployed are saved.
๊ท์ ๋๋ค
gyujedoeda
be regulated
๋ค์ ๋ฌ๋ถํฐ ๊ฐ๊ฒฉ์ด ๋น์ผ ํด์ธ ์ฃผ๋ฅ์ ๊ตญ๋ด ๋ฐ์
์ด ๊ท์ ๋๋ค.
Starting next month, the import of expensive foreign alcohol into the country will be regulated.
์ด๊ณณ์ ๊ทผ์ฒ์ ๊ณตํญ์ด ์์ด ๊ณ ์ธต ๊ฑด๋ฌผ์ ๊ฑด์ถ์ด ๊ท์ ๋์ด ์๋ค.
There is an airport nearby, so the construction of high-rise buildings is regulated.
์ฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ง์์ ํ๊ฒฝ ๋ณดํธ๋ฅผ ์ํด ๊ฐ๋ฐ์ด ๊ท์ ๋ ์ง์ญ์ด๋ผ ํธ์ ์์ค์ด ๋ถ์กฑํ๊ณ ์ด์๊ฐ๋ ๋ฐ ๋ถํธํ ์ ์ด ๋ง๋ค.
Our village is an area where development is regulated to protect the environment, so there is a lack of convenient facilities and many inconveniences in living.
๋ฉด์ ๋๋ค
myeonjedoeda
be exempted; be released from duty
๋ํ์ ์์์ผ๋ก ์
ํํ ๋ฏผ์ค์ด๋ ์ฌ ๋
๋์์ ํ๋น๊ฐ ๋ฉด์ ๋์๋ค.
Minjun, who entered college at the top of his class, was exempt from tuition for four years.
๊ทธ ๋๋ผ๋ ์ฐ๋ฆฌ๋๋ผ์ ์ธ๊ต ๊ด๊ณ๋ฅผ ๋งบ์ ๋๋ผ๋ก ๋น์๊ฐ ๋ฉด์ ๋์ด ์๋ค.
That country is a country that has diplomatic relations with our country and is exempt from visas.
๋ฑ๋ก๊ธ์ด ๋ฉด์ ๋๋ค.
Tuition fee is exempted.
๋ฌธ์ ์๋๋ค
munjesidoeda
be a problem
์ต๊ทผ ์ฒญ์๋
๋ค์ ํก์ฐ์ด ๋ฌธ์ ์๋๊ณ ์๋ค.
Recently, smoking among teenagers has become a problem.
๊ทธ ๊ด๊ณ ์์ ํนํ ๋ฌธ์ ์๋๋ ์ ์ ๊ด๊ณ ๋ด์ฉ์ด ๋ชจ๋ ํ์๋ผ๋ ์ฌ์ค์ด๋ค.
What is particularly problematic about the advertisement is that the content of the advertisement is all false.
์ง๊ตฌ ์จ๋ํ๋ก ๊ฐ์ฅ ๋ฌธ์ ์๋๋ ๊ฒ์ ๋ฌด์์ด๋ผ๊ณ ์๊ฐํ์ญ๋๊น?
What do you think is the most problematic thing about global warming?
๊ตฌ์ฒดํ๋๋ค
guchehwadoeda
be concretized; be embodied
์๊ฐ์ ํ๋ถํ ์์๋ ฅ์ ํ๋ฅญํ ์ํ์ผ๋ก ๊ตฌ์ฒดํ๋์ด ๋ง์ ๋
์๋ค์ ๊ฐ๋์์ผฐ๋ค.
The author's rich imagination was embodied in excellent works that moved many readers.
๊ธฐ์กด์ ๊ท์ ๋์ง ์์๋ ๊ตญ์ ๋ํ ์ฐธ๊ฐ๋ฅผ ์ํ ์๊ฒฉ ์๊ฑด์ด ๋ค์ฏ ๊ฐ์ง๋ก ๊ตฌ์ฒดํ๋์๋ค.
Five qualification requirements for participation in international competitions that were not previously specified were specified.
์ ์๋๊ป์๋ ํ๋ฃจ ๋จ์๋ก ์ธ์ด ๊ณํ์ด ํ ์๊ฐ ๋จ์๋ก ๊ตฌ์ฒดํ๋๋ค๋ฉด ๋ ์ฒด๊ณ์ ์ผ๋ก ๊ณต๋ถํ ์ ์์ ๊ฒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ ๋ง์ํ์
จ๋ค.
The teacher said that I would be able to study more systematically if my daily plan was refined into an hourly basis.
๋์ฒด๋๋ค
daechedoeda
be alternated; be substituted
์ ๊ฒ์ผ๋ก ๋์ฒด๋๋ค.
replaced by a new one
ํธ์์์ ๋ค๋ ค์ค๋ ๋
ธ ์ ๋ ์๋ฆฌ๋ ์ด์ ๋ชจํฐ๋ณดํธ์ ๊ต์์ผ๋ก ๋์ฒด๋๋ค.
The sound of rowing on the lake was now replaced by the roar of a motorboat.
๊ทธ ์๋ฆฌ์ ์์ฌ๋ฃ๋ ์ฒญ์ด์์ผ๋ ํ๋์ ์ฒญ์ด๊ฐ ์กํ์ง ์์ ๊ฝ์น๋ก ๋์ฒด๋๋ค.
The raw material for that dish was herring, but since herring could not be caught for a while, it was replaced with saury.
ํค๋ฒ์ด์ง๋ค
hebeoreojida
be open wide
๋ฐ๋์ด ๋ถ์ ๊ทธ๋ ํค๋ฒ์ด์ง ์ท๊น์ ์ฌ๋ช๋ค.
As the wind blew, he adjusted his frayed collar.
ํด๊ทผํ๊ณ ๋์์จ ์๋น ๋ฅผ ๋ณธ ์์ด๋ ์ข์์ ์
์ด ํค๋ฒ์ด์ก๋ค.
When the child saw his father coming home from work, his mouth was full of joy.
์๋ฒ์ง ์ด์ ์๋งค๊ฐ ํค๋ฒ์ด์ง ์ท์ ๊ทธ๋ง ๋ฒ๋ฆฌ์ธ์.
Dad, stop throwing away your clothes with open sleeves.
ํค๋ฒ์ญํ๋ค
hebeoljjukada
be wide open; be agape
๊ทธ๋ ํฐ ๋ฌผ๊ฑด์ ๋ด๊ธฐ ์ํด ๋ดํฌ ์
๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ํค๋ฒ์ญํ๊ฒ ๋ง๋ค์๋ค.
He made the opening of the bag wide to accommodate large items.
์ ์๋๊ป ์นญ์ฐฌ์ ๋ฐ์ ๋ฏผ์ค์ด๋ ์
์ ํค๋ฒ์ญํ๋ฉฐ ์์๋ค.
Minjun, who received praise from his teacher, smiled with his mouth wide open.
์ง์ ์จ๋ ์ธ์ ๊ฐ์ฅ ๋ณด๋์ ๋๋ผ์ธ์?
Mr. Jisoo, when do you feel most rewarded?
ํค๋ฒ์ญํค๋ฒ์ญํ๋ค
hebeoljjukebeoljjukada
be wide open; be agape
๋๋ ๊ทธ์ ์ ํ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ๊ณ ์๊พธ ํค๋ฒ์ญํค๋ฒ์ญํ๊ณ ์์๋ค.
I kept laughing and laughing after answering his phone call.
์ค๋น ๋ ๋ฐ๋ณด์ฒ๋ผ ์
์ ํค๋ฒ์ญํค๋ฒ์ญํ๋ฉฐ ๊ทธ ์ฌ๋ฐฐ์ฐ๊ฐ ๋์ค๋ ์ํ๋ฅผ ๋ณด๊ณ ์๋ค.
My brother is watching a movie featuring that actress with his mouth open like an idiot.
๋ ์๊น๋ถํฐ ์ ๊ทธ๋ ๊ฒ ํค๋ฒ์ญํค๋ฒ์ญํ๋ฉด์ ์๊ณ ์๋?
Why are you laughing so hard from earlier?
๊ด์ฌํ๋ค
gwanyeohada
be involved in
์ด๋ฒ ํ์
์๋ ๋
ธ๋์กฐํฉ์ด ๊ด์ฌํ๊ณ ์๋ค.
The labor union is involved in this strike.
ํค๊ฐ ํฌ๋ ๋ฐ์ ๊ด์ฌํ๋ ์กฐ๊ฑด์๋ ์ ์ ์ ์์ธ๋ ์๋ค.
There are also genetic factors involved in growing taller.
์ด๋จธ๋๊ป ์๋ชปํ๋ค๊ณ ๋ง์๋๋ฆฌ๊ณ ๋ฌด์กฐ๊ฑด ๋น์ด.
Tell your mother that you did something wrong and beg her unconditionally.
๋ค์ฌ๋ค๋ต๋ค
deuryeodaboeda
be seen through
๋๋ ๊ทธ์ ์์ด ๋ค์ฌ๋ค๋ต๋ ์์ ์ด ์ซ์๋ค.
I hated his see-through hypocrisy.
๋ฐ๊นฅ์์๋ ํํ ๋ค์ฌ๋ค๋ต๋ ์ ๊ณผ์ ์์๋ ๋นต๊ณผ ๊ณผ์๊ฐ ์๋ถ์ด ์์ฌ ์์๋ค.
Inside the bakery, which was clearly visible from the outside, there were piles of bread and snacks.
์์ด ๋นคํ ๋ค์ฌ๋ค๋ต๋ ๊ฑฐ์ง๋งํ์ง ๋ง.
Don't tell lies that are obvious.
๋ถ์ฌ๋๋ค
buyeodoeda
be granted; be given
์ด ์ํ์ ํต๊ณผํ๋ฉด ์ด๋ฑํ๊ต ๊ต์ฌ๊ฐ ๋ ์ ์๋ ์๊ฒฉ์ด ๋ถ์ฌ๋๋ค.
Passing this test qualifies you to become an elementary school teacher.
๋ณดํต ์ ๊ฑฐ๋ ์ ๊ฑฐ๊ถ์ด ์ฑ์ธ ๊ตญ๋ฏผ ๋ชจ๋์๊ฒ ๋ถ์ฌ๋๋ ๋ฐฉ์์ ๋ปํ๋ค.
Universal suffrage refers to a method in which the right to vote is granted to all adult citizens.
ํธํ
๋ธ์ด์์ดํผ๊ฐ ๋๋ฉด ์ด๋ค ํํ์ด ์๋์?
What are the benefits of becoming a Hotel VIP?
์์ฌ๋๋ค
suyeodoeda
be awarded; be presented
์ด๋ฒ ๋
ผ์ ๋ํ ์
์์์๊ฒ ์ค๋ฐฑ๋ง ์์ ์๊ธ์ด ์์ฌ๋์๋ค.
A prize of 5 million won was awarded to the winners of this essay contest.
์ฌํด์ ์ธ๊ถ์์ ์ฌ๊ถ ์ ์ฅ์ ์ํด ๋
ธ๋ ฅํด ์จ ๊น ๋ฐ์ฌ์๊ฒ ์์ฌ๋์๋ค.
This year's Human Rights Award was awarded to Dr. Kim, who has worked hard to promote human rights.
์ด์ ์กธ์
์๋ค์๊ฒ ์กธ์
์ฅ์ด ์์ฌ๋ ์์ ์
๋๋ค. ๋ฐ์๋ก ์ถํํด ์ฃผ์ญ์์ค.
Diplomas will now be awarded to graduates. Please congratulate us with applause.
์ฌ๊ณผ๋๋ค
yeogwadoeda
be filtered; be percolated
๋น๋ฌผ์ด ์ ๋๋ก ์ฌ๊ณผ๋๊ณ ๋๋ฉด ๊นจ๋ํ ์์๊ฐ ๋๋ค.
Once rainwater is properly filtered, it becomes clean drinking water.
์ฉ์ก์ ์์ฌ ์๋ ๋ถ์๋ฌผ์ ์ด ์ฌ๊ณผ ์ฅ์น๋ฅผ ํตํด์ ์ฌ๊ณผ๋๋ค.
Impurities mixed in the solution are filtered through this filtration device.
์ฌ๊ณผ๋ ๋ฌผ.
Filtered water.
๋จ๋ฐ๋๋ค
nambaldoeda
be overissued
๊ณต์ฝ์ด ๋จ๋ฐ๋๋ค.
Promises are made excessively.
์๊ฒฉ์ฆ์ด ๋จ๋ฐ๋๋ค.
Certificates are overused.
์ ์ฑ
์ด ๋จ๋ฐ๋๋ค.
Policy is overused.
๋จ์ฉ๋๋ค
namyongdoeda
be abused; be improperly used
๋์ฌ์ ํํ ๋น๋ฃ์ ์ด์ถฉ์ ๊ฐ ๋จ์ฉ๋์ด ํ ์์ด ์ค์ผ๋๊ณ ์๋ค.
The overuse of chemical fertilizers and pesticides in farming is polluting the soil.
๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ์ ๊ฐํ์ด๋ ์ํ ์ด๋ฆ ๋ฑ์์ ์ธ๊ตญ์ด๊ฐ ์ง๋์น๊ฒ ๋จ์ฉ๋๊ณ ์๋ค.
Foreign languages โโare overused in street signs and product names.
๋ฌผ์ด ๋จ์ฉ๋๋ค.
Water is overused.
๊ฒฉ๋ํ๋ค
gyeokttonghada
be turbulent; change violently
๋ง์ ๊ธฐ์
๋ค์ด ๊ฒฉ๋ํ๋ ์ธ๊ณ ๊ฒฝ์ ์ ํฌ์์์ด ๋์ด ๋ชฐ๋ฝํ์๋ค.
Many companies fell victim to the turbulent global economy.
๊ฒฉ๋ํ๋ ์์ฅ์์ ์ด์๋จ๊ธฐ ์ํด์๋ ๊ฐ๋ ฅํ ๋ธ๋๋์ ์ ํ์ ๋ง๋ค์ด์ผ ํ๋ค.
To survive in a turbulent market, you must create strong brands and products.
๊ฒฉ๋ํ๋ ์ธ๊ณ.
A turbulent world.
๋๊ฒฐ๋๋ค
donggyeoldoeda
be frozen
๋๊ฒฐ๋ ๊ฐ ์์์ ์์ด๋ค์ ์ฐ๋งค๋ฅผ ํ๊ณ ๋์๋ค.
Children rode sleds and played on the frozen river.
๋ฉฐ์น ๊ณ์๋ ํํ๋ก ์๋๊ฐ ๋๊ฒฐ๋์ด ๋ฌผ์ด ๋์ค์ง ์์๋ค.
Due to the cold spell that lasted for several days, the water pipes froze and no water came out.
๋ ์จ๊ฐ ๋๋ฌด ์ถฅ์ง์?
Isn't the weather too cold?
๋๊ธ๋ค
donggeulda
be round
๋ฐ๋ฅ์ ๋จ์ด์ง ๋ฌผ์ด ๋๊ธ์ด ๋ฌผ๋ฐฉ์ธ์ด ๋์๋ค.
The water that fell on the floor turned into round droplets.
๋์ ๋์์ ๊ฐ์ฅ ์ ๋๊ทธ๋ ๋๋ฉ์ด ๋ ๊ฐ๋ก ๋์ฌ๋์ ๋ง๋ค์๋ค.
My brother and I made a snowman using the two best round snowballs.
๋๋ฉ์ด๊ฐ ๋๊ธ๋ค.
The snowball is round.
๋๋๋ค
dongnada
be exhausted; run out
์ด ์ ์ ํ์ ๋์์ธ์ด ์๋ป์ ์ถ์๊ฐ ๋์๋ง์ ๋๋ฌ๋ค.
This new product had a pretty design and was sold out as soon as it was released.
์ฐ๋ฆฌ ์ฌ์ด์๋ ๋ง์นจ๋ด ์ด์ผ๊น๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๋ ๋๋๊ณ ์ด์ํ ์นจ๋ฌต์ด ํ๋ ๋ค.
We finally ran out of things to talk about and there was an awkward silence.
์ด ์์์ผ๋ก ์ฃผ๋ฌธํ ๊ฒ์.
I will order this food.
๊ฒฉ์๋๋ค
gyeokssangdoeda
be promoted; be elevated
์ด๋ฒ ์ธ์ฌ์ด๋ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ๊น ๊ณผ์ฅ์ ๋ถ์ฅ์ผ๋ก ๊ทธ ์ง์๊ฐ ๊ฒฉ์๋์๋ค.
As a result of this personnel change, Manager Kim was promoted to manager.
์ฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ถ์๋ ํ์ฅ๋์ด ์ง์ ๊ด๋ฆฌํ๋ ์ง์ ๋ถ์๋ก ํ์ธต ๊ฒฉ์๋์๋ค.
Our department has been upgraded to a department directly managed by the chairman.
ํ๊ตญ ์ํ๊ฐ ์ฌ๋ฌ ๊ตญ์ ์ํ์ ์์ ์ฐ์ด์ด ์์ ๋ฐ๊ณ ์์ด์.
Korean films are winning awards one after another at various international film festivals.
๊ดด์๋ง์ธกํ๋ค
goesangmangcheukada
very odd; quite strange
๊ทธ๋ค์ ๊ฐ์ฌ๋ฅผ ์์๋ค์ ์๋ ์๋ ๊ดด์๋ง์ธกํ ๋
ธ๋๋ฅผ ๋ถ๋ ๋ค.
They sang a strange song whose lyrics I couldn't even understand.
๊น์ ๋ฐ๋ค์ ์ฌ๋ ๋ฌผ๊ณ ๊ธฐ๋ค์ ๊ดด์๋ง์ธกํ๊ฒ ์๊ธด ๊ฒ์ด ๋ง๋ค.
There are many strange-looking fish that live in the deep sea.
๊ทธ๋
์ ๋จธ๋ฆฌ ๋ชจ์์ ๋ง์น ๋ฒ๊ฐ๋ฅผ ๋ง์ ๊ฒ์ฒ๋ผ ๊ดด์๋ง์ธกํ๋ค.
Her hair looked strange, as if it had been struck by lightning.
๊ตฌ์๋๋ค
gusangdoeda
be planned
์ฌ๋น์ ์ ๊ฑฐ๋ฅผ ์๋๊ณ ์๋กญ๊ฒ ๊ตฌ์๋ ์ ์ฑ
์ ๊ตญ๋ฏผ๋ค์๊ฒ ๋ฐํํ๋ค.
The ruling party announced its newly designed policy to the public ahead of the election.
๋ฐ ์ฌ์ฅ์ ์ฌ์
์ด ๊ตฌ์๋๋ ๋๋ก ํฌ์์๋ค์ ๋ชจ์ ๋๊ณ ํฌ์ ์ ์น๋ฅผ ํ ๊ณํ์ด๋ค.
President Park plans to gather investors and attract investment as soon as the business is conceived.
์ ๋ต์ ์๋ฒฝํ๊ฒ ๊ตฌ์๋์๋๋ฐ ๋์ฒด ์ ํจ๋ฐฐํ ๊ฑฐ์ง?
The strategy was perfectly conceived, so why did we lose?
๊ตฌ์ํ๋๋ค
gusanghwadoeda
be concretized; be reified
๊ทธ๋ฆฌ์ค ์ ํ์์ ์ ์ ๋๊ฐ ์ฌ๋์ ๋ชจ์ต์ผ๋ก ๊ตฌ์ํ๋๋ค.
In Greek mythology, gods are usually depicted in human form.
์ฐ๋ฆฌ๋ ์ด ์ํ์์ ์ด๋จธ๋์ ๋ชจ์ต์ด ์ด๋ป๊ฒ ๊ตฌ์ํ๋๋์ง์ ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ๋ค.
We paid attention to how the mother's figure was visualized in this work.
์์ฆ ์์ด๋ค์ ์ฑ
๋ณด๋ค ์ํ๋ ๋๋ผ๋ง๋ฅผ ๋ ์ข์ํฉ๋๋ค.
Kids these days like movies and dramas more than books.
๋์ํ๋ค
nakssanghada
be hurt from a fall
๋ฐ์ด ๋์ ๊ฑธ๋ ค ๋์ํ ๋ปํ๋๋ฐ ๋คํํ ์น๊ตฌ๊ฐ ์ก์ ์ฃผ์๋ค.
My foot caught on a rock and I almost fell, but luckily my friend caught me.
์ ๋ช
ํ ์ํ ๋ฐฐ์ฐ๊ฐ ๋ง ์์์ ๋์ํ ์ฌ๊ณ ๊ฐ ๋ด์ค์ ๋ณด๋๋์๋ค.
An accident in which a famous movie star fell from a horse was reported in the news.
๋์ํ๋ ์ฌ๊ณ .
Falling accident.
๊ตฌ์ ๋๋ค
gujeondoeda
be passed down orally
์ ๋ ๋ฏผ์๋ ๋ฏผ๊ฐ์ธ๋ค์ ์
์์ ์
์ผ๋ก ๊ตฌ์ ๋ ๋
ธ๋์ด๋ค.
Traditional folk songs are songs that were passed down orally from civilians.
ํ ๋จธ๋๊ป์ ์์๋ค์๊ฒ ์๋ถํฐ ๊ตฌ์ ๋์ด ์จ ์ฌ๋ฏธ๋ ์ด์ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ค๋ ค์ฃผ์
จ๋ค.
The grandmother told her grandchildren an interesting story that had been passed down orally since ancient times.
์ ๋ถ์ด ๊ตฌ์ ๋๋ ๋ฏผ์๋ฅผ ๋ถ๋ฅผ ์ ์๋ ๊ตญ๊ฐ ๋ฌดํ์ ์ฐ ๋ณด์ ์์ด์
.
He is a national intangible heritage holder who can sing folk songs that are handed down orally.
๋ฐ์ ๋๋ค
banjeondoeda
be reversed
์ด ์ ์ด ์ฅ์น๊ฐ ๋ฐํด๊ฐ ๊ตด๋ฌ๊ฐ๋ ๋ฐฉํฅ์ ๋ฐ์ ๋๊ฒ ๋ง๋ ๋ค.
This control device reverses the direction in which the wheel rolls.
๊ธฐ๊ณ๊ฐ ๊ณ ์ฅ์ด ๋ฌ๋์ง ๋ฐ์ ๋ ๋๋ง๋ค ์ด์ํ ์๋ฆฌ๊ฐ ๋๋ค.
The machine seems to be malfunctioning and makes a strange sound every time it is reversed.
๊ธฐ์ ์๋ ์์ค์ปฌ๋ ์ดํฐ์ ์๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋ง์น ํ ์์ค์ปฌ๋ ์ดํฐ๊ฐ ์ ๋ฐ์ ๋๋ ํ์ธํ๋ค.
After repairing the escalator, the technician checked whether the escalator could be reversed well.
๋์ผ์๋๋ค
dongilssidoeda
be identified
๋์ด ๋ง๋ค๊ณ ๊ผญ ํ๋ณตํ ๊ฒ์ ์๋๊ธฐ ๋๋ฌธ์ ๋์ ํ๋ณต๊ณผ ๋์ผ์๋๊ธฐ ์ด๋ ต๋ค.
It is difficult to equate money with happiness because having more money does not necessarily make you happier.
์ง์๋ ๊ทน ์ค ์ธ๋ฌผ๊ณผ ๋์ผ์๋์ด ๋ง์น ์์ ์ด ๋น๋ จ์ ์ฌ์ฃผ์ธ๊ณต์ด ๋ ๋ฏํ ์ฐฉ๊ฐ์ ๋น ์ก๋ค.
Jisoo identified with the character in the play and fell into the illusion that she had become the tragic heroine.
์์ฆ ์์ ๋ฌธํ์ ๊ทผ๋ํ๊ฐ ๋์ผ์๋๋ ๊ฒฝํฅ์ด ์์ด.
These days, there is a tendency to equate Western culture with modernization.
๋ถ์ผ์นํ๋ค
burilchihada
be in discord with; be discordant
๋ง๊ณผ ํ๋์ด ๋ถ์ผ์นํ๋ฉด ์ฌ๋๋ค์๊ฒ์ ์ ๋ขฐ๋ฅผ ์๊ฒ ๋๋ค.
If your words and actions are inconsistent, you will lose trust from people.
์ฉ์์๊ฐ ์ฌ์ค๊ณผ ๋ถ์ผ์นํ๋ ๊ฑฐ์ง ์ง์ ์ ํ ๊ฒ์ผ๋ก ๋ฐํ์ก๋ค.
It was revealed that the suspect had made false statements that were inconsistent with the facts.
๋ฏผ์ค์ด๋ ์ ๋ ์๋น ๋ ์ธ์ ์ด?
Why did Minjun fight with his dad again?
์ฌ์ก๋๋ค
sayukttoeda
be bred; be raised; be reared
์๊ณผ ์ผ์๋ ๋น๊ต์ ์ด๋ฅธ ์๊ธฐ์ ๊ฐ์ถ์ผ๋ก ์ฌ์ก๋์๋ค.
Sheep and goats were domesticated as livestock at a relatively early age.
๋๊ท๋ชจ๋ก ๋ผ์ง๊ฐ ์ฌ์ก๋๋ฉด์ ๋ผ์ง๊ณ ๊ธฐ๊ฐ์ด ํฌ๊ฒ ๋จ์ด์ก๋ค.
As pigs are raised on a large scale, pork prices have fallen significantly.
๋ญ์ ์ค๋ ์ ๋ถํฐ ์ฌ๋์ ์์ ์ํด ์ฌ์ก๋์ต๋๋ค.
Chickens have been raised by humans for a long time.
์์ก๋๋ค
yangyukttoeda
be raised; be nurtured
์ฌ๊ณ ๋ก ๋ถ๋ชจ๋ฅผ ์์ ์์ด๋ ํฐ๋์ผ๋ก ๋ณด๋ด์ ธ ์น์ฒ๋ค์๊ฒ ์์ก๋๋ค.
A child who lost his parents in an accident was sent to his eldest home and raised by relatives.
๋ถ๋ชจ๊ฐ ๋ง๋ฒ์ด๋ก ๋ฐ๋นด๊ธฐ ๋๋ฌธ์ ๊ทธ ์ด๋ฆฐ ์๋ค์ ํ ๋จธ๋์ ์์์ ์์ก๋์๋ค.
Because his parents were busy working, the young son was raised by his grandmother.
๋ถ๋ชจ์ ์ฌ๋ฐ๋ฅธ ํ์ก์ผ๋ก ์ ์์ก๋ ์๋์ ๋น๊ต์ ๋์ธ ๊ด๊ณ๊ฐ ์๋งํ๋ค๊ณ ํ๋ค.
Children who are raised well by their parents are said to have relatively smooth interpersonal relationships.
์ก์ฑ๋๋ค
yuksseongdoeda
be promoted; be fostered
๊ทธ๋ ์ด๋ฆด ๋๋ถํฐ ์ฒด๊ณ์ ์ธ ํ๋ จ์ ๋ฐ์ ์ต๊ณ ์ ์ ์๋ก ์ก์ฑ๋์๋ค.
He received systematic training from a young age and was developed into a top player.
ํ์ฐฝ ์ฐ์
์ด ์ก์ฑ๋๋ ์๊ธฐ์๋ ๋ง์ ๊ณต์ฅ๋ค์ด ์๊ธฐ๊ณ ์ผ์๋ฆฌ๊ฐ ๋์ด๋ฌ์๋ค.
During the period when industry was in full swing, many factories were built and jobs increased.
์ด์ ๋ ๋น์ธ๊ธฐ ์ข
๋ชฉ์ ์ ์๋ค์ ์ ๋ฌธ์ ์ผ๋ก ํค์ธ ํ์๊ฐ ์์ต๋๋ค.
Now there is a need to professionalize athletes in unpopular sports.
ํ์ก๋๋ค
hunyukttoeda
be disciplined; be educated
๋๋ ๋ฌด์์ด ์ ์๋ํํ
ํ์ก๋ ๋ค๋ก๋ ํ๊ต์์ ๋ง์ฝ์ ํผ์ฐ์ง ์์๋ค.
I never got into trouble at school after being disciplined by my scary teacher.
๋๋ ์ด๋ ธ์ ๋๋ถํฐ ์์ ์ค์์๋ ๋ถ๋ชจ๋๊ป ํฌ๊ฒ ์ผ๋จ์ ๋ง์ผ๋ฉฐ ์ํ๊ฒ ํ์ก๋์๋ค.
From a young age, I was severely disciplined by my parents, scolding them for even the slightest mistake.
์์ด๋ ํ์ก๋๋ ๊ฒ ์๋๋ผ ์ค์ค๋ก ๋ฐฐ์ฐ๋ ๊ฑฐ๋ผ๊ณ ๋ฏฟ๊ณ ์๊ธฐ ๋๋ฌธ์ ๋๋ ์์ด๋ฅผ ํผ๋ด์ง ์๋๋ค.
I do not scold my child because I believe that children learn on their own, not be disciplined.
๊บผ์น ๊บผ์น ํ๋ค
kkeochilkkeochilhada
very coarse
์์ด๋ ์๋น ์ ๊บผ์น ๊บผ์น ํ ์์ผ์ ๋ง์ง๋๋ ๋ฐ๊ฐ๋ค๊ณ ํ๋ค.
The child touched his father's rough beard and said it stung.
๋๋ฆฌ๋, ์ผ๊ตด์ด ๊บผ์น ๊บผ์น ํด ๋ณด์ฌ์.
Manager, your face looks rough.
์๋ฅ ์ ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ํ๋๋ผ ๋ฐค์ ์์์ ๊ทธ๋ฐ๊ฐ ๋ด์.
I guess it's because I stayed up all night organizing the documents.
๋ถ์น ๋๋ค
bunchildoeda
be powdered
๋ถ์น ๋ ๋ด๋ฒผ๋ฝ.
Powdered wall.
ํธ๋ฅธ์์ผ๋ก ๋ถ์น ๋ ๋์๊ธฐ๊ฐ ๊ณฑ๊ณ ์๋ฆ๋ค์ด ๋น๊น์ ๋ฝ๋ด๊ณ ์๋ค.
The pottery powdered blue shows off its fine and beautiful color.
๋ ๋๊ฐ ํ์ ๋๋ฝ๋ ๊ต์ค ๋ฒฝ์ด ์๋ก ํ์๊ฒ ๋ถ์น ๋์ด ๊นจ๋ํด์ก๋ค.
The walls of the classroom, which were always dirty and dirty, were newly powdered white and became clean.
์ชฝํ๋ฆฌ๋ค
jjokpallida
be embarrassed
๋ ์ค๋ค๊ฐ ๊ด์ฅ ํ๋ณตํ์์ ๋์ด์ก์ง ๋ญ์ผ.
On my way, I fell in the middle of the square.
๊ด์ฅ์ด๋๊น ์ฌ๋๋ ๋ง์์ ํ
๋ฐ ๊ต์ฅํ ์ชฝํ๋ ธ๊ฒ ๋ค.
Because it was a square, there must have been a lot of people, so it must have been very embarrassing.
์น๊ท๋ ๋ง์ ์ฌ๋๋ค ์์์ ์ถค์ ์ถฐ์ผ ํ๋ค๊ณ ์๊ฐํ๋ ์ชฝํ๋ ค์ ๊ฒฌ๋ ์๊ฐ ์์๋ค.
Seung-gyu was so embarrassed at the thought of having to dance in front of so many people that he couldn't stand it.
์ญ๋
๊ฐ์ํ๋ค
simnyeongamsuhada
be scared to death
๋ ์ฐจ์ ์น์ผ ๋ปํ๋ค๋ฉด์?
I heard you almost got hit by a car?
ํ ๋ฐ์ง๋ง ๋ ๋ด๋๋ ์ผ๋ฉด ์ฃฝ์์ ์ง๋ ๋ชฐ๋ผ. ์ญ๋
๊ฐ์ํ์ด.
If I had taken one more step, I might have died. I watched it for ten years.
์ง๊ฐ์ด ์์ด์ง ์ค ์๊ณ ์ญ๋
๊ฐ์ํ์ง๋ง ๋คํํ ์ง๊ฐ์ ์ง์ ์์๋ค.
I thought my wallet was missing and kept it for ten years, but luckily my wallet was at home.
๊ฐ๋ณ์
gabyeonjeok
changeable, variable
์์ค์ ์ฃผ์ธ๊ณต์ ์ํฉ์ ๋ฐ๋ผ ์ฑ๊ฒฉ์ด ๊ณ์ ๋ณํ๋ ๊ฐ๋ณ์ ์ธ๋ฌผ์ด๋ค.
The novel's protagonist is a variable character whose personality keeps changing depending on the situation.
๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์๋ ๊ตญ๊ฐ ๊ฒฝ๊ณ์ ์ด ์ ์ ๋ฑ์ผ๋ก ์ธํด ๊ฐ๋ณ์ ์ด์๋ค.
In the past, national borders were variable due to wars and other factors.
๊ฐ์์
gasikjjeok
fake, insincere
๋ฐ ์จ๋ ์ซ์ดํ๋ ์ฌ๋๊ณผ ํจ๊ป ์์ ๋์๋ ๊ฐ์์ ๋ฏธ์๋ฅผ ์ ์ง๋๋ค.
Mr. Park puts on a fake smile easily even when he's with people he dislikes.
๋๋ ์ง์ค์ฑ์ด ์๊ณ ๊ฐ์์ ์ผ๋ก ํ๋ํ๋ ์ฌ๋๊ณผ๋ ๊ฐ๊น๊ฒ ์ง๋ด๊ณ ์ถ์ง ์๋ค.
I don't want to be close with people who lack sincerity and act fake.
๊ฐํ์
gahakjjeok
cruel, sadistic
๊ทธ๋ ๊ฐํ์ ํ์๋ฅผ ํตํด ์พ๊ฐ์ ๋๋ผ๋ ๋น์ ์์ ์ธ๊ฐ์ด์๋ค.
He was an abnormal person who felt pleasure through cruel acts.
์ ์์ ์ฐ๋ฆฌ๋ค์ ๊ฐํ์ ์ด๊ณ ํ๊ดด์ ์ธ ์ฑ๊ฒฉ์ผ๋ก ๋ง๋ค์ด ๋์๋ค.
War made us cruel and destructive by nature.
๊ฐํ์
ganheoljeok
intermittent
์ ์ ๊ฐํ์ ์นจ์
๋๋ฌธ์ ์ฐ๋ฆฌ๋ ๋ณด์ด๋ฅผ ์๊ธฐ๋ก ํ๋ค.
Because of the enemy's intermittent invasions, we decided to stand guard.
์ง์๋ ์ด์ผ์ผ์ ํ ๋ฒ์ฉ ์์ธ์ ์ ์ ์๋ ๊ฐํ์ ์ธ ๋ํต์ด ์๊ฒจ์ ๋ณ์์ ์ฐพ์๋ค.
Jisu went to the hospital because she was having intermittent headaches of unknown cause once every two or three days.
๊ฐ๊ฐ์
gamgakjjeok
sensory, sensual
์ด ์ํ์ ํ๋ คํ๊ณ ์ ๋ช
ํ ๊ฐ๊ฐ์ ๋ฌ์ฌ๋ก ๊ด๋๊ฐ๋ค์ ์์ ์ ์ฌ๋ก์ก์๋ค.
This work captured viewers' attention with its splendid, vivid sensory depictions.
๊น ์๊ฐ์ ์๋ ํธ๋ฅธ ๋ฐ๋ค๋ฅผ ๋งค์ฐ ๊ฐ๊ฐ์ ์ผ๋ก ํํํ๋ค๋ ํ์ ๋ฐ์๋ค.
Writer Kim's poem was praised for depicting the blue sea in a very sensory way.
๊ฐ๊ฒฝํ๋ค
ganggyeonghada
firm, unyielding (character)
๋ฏผ์ค์ด๋ ๊ฐ๊ฒฝํ ๊ธฐ์ง์ ํ๊ณ ๋ฌ๋ค.
Minjun was born with an unyielding temperament.
์๋ฏผ ๋จ์ฒด๋ ์ ๋ถ์ ์ ์ฑ
์ ๋น๋ํ๋ ๊ฐ๊ฒฝํ ์ด์กฐ์ ์ฑ๋ช
์ ๋ฐํํ๋ค.
The civic group issued a statement in a hardline tone criticizing the government's policy.
๊ฐ๋ฐ์
gangbakjjeok
coercive, forceful
์ฌ์ฅ์ ์ง์๋ค์๊ฒ ๋ ์ผ๋ฐฉ์ ์ผ๋ก ๋ช
๋ นํ๋ฉฐ ๊ฐ๋ฐ์ ํ๋๋ฅผ ๋ณด์๋ค.
The boss always gave one-sided orders to employees, showing a coercive attitude.
๋ถ๋ชจ๋์ ๊ฐ๋ฐ์ ์ธ ์๊ตฌ์ ๋ชป ์ด๊ฒจ ๋๋ ๋ง์ง๋ชปํด ์๋์ ์งํํ๋ค.
Unable to resist my parents' coercive demands, I reluctantly went to medical school.
๊ฐ์์
gangapjjeok
coercive, repressive
๊ทธ๋ ๋ฐ๋ ์ธ๋ ฅ์ ๋๋ฅด๊ธฐ ์ํด ๊ฐ์์ ์กฐ์น๋ฅผ ์ทจํ๋ค.
He took coercive measures to suppress the opposition forces.
๊ฒฝ์ฐฐ๊ด์ด ์ด์ ๋ ์ ์ํ์ง ์๊ณ ๊ฐ์์ ์ผ๋ก ๋๋ฅผ ์ฒดํฌํ๋ค.
The police officer arrested me coercively without even giving a reason.
๊ฐ์ฐ์
gaeyeonjeok
probable, likely
๊ทธ ํ์ ์ ์ฆ๊ฑฐ๋ค์ ๋ฐํ์ผ๋ก ์ฌ๊ฑด๊ณผ ๊ด๋ จ๋ ๊ฐ์ฐ์ ์ฌ์ค๋ค์ ์ถ๋ฆฌํ๋ค.
Based on the evidence, the detective inferred the probable facts related to the case.
์น๊ตฌ์ ๋ฐฐ์ ์ ์ถฉ๋ถํ ์ง์ํ ์ ์์๋ ๊ฐ์ฐ์ ์ธ ์ผ์ด์๋ค.
My friend's betrayal was a probable outcome I could have easily guessed.
๊ฐํ์
gaehyeokjjeok
reformative
์ด ๋ชฉ์ฌ๋ ํํ์์ ๊ฐํ์ ์ข
๊ต์ธ์ผ๋ก ์ด์๋ค.
This pastor lived his whole life as a reformist religious figure.
์๋ก ์ค์ ๊ต์ฅ ์ ์๋์ ์ฐ๋ฆฌ ํ๊ต๋ฅผ ๊ฐํ์ ์ผ๋ก ๋ฐ๊พธ์ด ๋๊ฐ์
จ๋ค.
The new principal has been transforming our school in a reformative way.
๊ฐธ๋ฅตํ๋ค
gyareukada
admirable, praiseworthy
๋ช ๋
์งธ ๋ถ๋ชจ๋์ ๋ณ์์ ์งํจ ์ง์์ ํจ์ฑ์ด ๊ฐธ๋ฅตํ๋ค.
Jisu's filial devotion, having stayed by her parents' sickbed for several years, is admirable.
๋ถ๋ชจ๋์ ์๊ณ ์ฌํ๊ฒ ์ธ๋ ์ง์์ ๊ฐธ๋ฅตํ ๋ชจ์ต์ด ๊ณ์ ๋ง์์ ๊ฑธ๋ฆฐ๋ค.
Jisu's pitiable appearance, crying sadly after losing her parents, keeps weighing on my mind.
๊ฑด์ค์
geonseoljeok
constructive
์์ธก์ ๊ฑด์ค์ ๋ํ ๋์ ๊ทน์ ์ธ ํํ์ ์ด๋์ด ๋๋ค.
Both sides reached a dramatic compromise after constructive dialogue.
์ฌํ์๋ ํ ๋ก ์๋ค๋ถํฐ ๊ฑด์ค์ ์ธ ์๊ฒฌ์ ์ ์ด๋์ด ๋๋ค.
The moderator skillfully drew out constructive opinions from the debaters.
๊ฑด์ฑ
geonseong
half-heartedness, carelessness
์ง์๋ ๋ฏธ์ ์ํ์ ๋ณ๋ก ๊ด์ฌ์ด ์์ด ๊ฑด์ฑ์ผ๋ก ๋ดค๋ค.
Jisu wasn't very interested in the artwork, so she looked at it half-heartedly.
๋๊ฐ์ ์
๊ฐ๋ ๊ธฐ๋ฆ๊ธฐ๊ฐ ์ ์ด ๊ฑด์ฑ์ ๋ ๊ธฐ๊ฐ ์ฝ๋ค.
The areas around the eyes and mouth have little oil, so they tend to become dry.
๊ฑธ๊ฑธํ๋ค
geolkkeolhada
husky, gruff (voice)
๋ณ์ฑ๊ธฐ๊ฐ ์จ ๋จ๋์์ ๋ชฉ์๋ฆฌ๊ฐ ๊ฑธ๊ฑธํ๊ฒ ๋ณํด์ ์ ๋ฒ ๋จ์๋ค์์ก๋ค.
My younger brother, whose voice had broken, now has a husky voice and seems quite manly.
๋ฏผ์ค์ด๋ ์ฑ๊ฒฉ์ด ํธํธํ๊ณ ๊ฑธ๊ฑธํด์ ํจ๊ป ์์ผ๋ฉด ์ฌ๋ฏธ์๋ค.
Minjun is easygoing and open-hearted, so it's fun to be around him.
๊ฒ์ฝํ๋ค
geomyakada
to be frugal
์๋ฒ์ง๋ ํฐ ๋ถ์์ด์ง๋ง ํ์ ๊ฒ์ฝํ๋ฉฐ ๊ฒ์ํ๊ฒ ์ด์์ค์
จ๋ค.
My father is very wealthy, but he has lived frugally and modestly his whole life.
๋๋ ๊ฒ์ฝํ ์ํ์ด ๋ชธ์ ๋ฐฐ์ ์ฐ์ง ์๋ ํ๋ฌ๊ทธ๋ ํญ์ ๋ฝ์ ๋๋ค.
I'm so used to a frugal lifestyle that I always unplug devices I'm not using.
๊ฒฉ์์
gyeokssikjjeok
being formal
๊ฒฉ์์ ์ผ๋ก ๋ณด์ด๊ธฐ ์ํด์๋ ๋ง๊ณผ ํ๋์ ์ ์คํด์ผ ํ๋ค.
To appear formal, one must be careful with words and actions.
๊ณต์์ ์ธ ์๋ฆฌ์์๋ ๊ฒฉ์์ ํํ์ ์ฌ์ฉํด์ผ ํ๋ค.
In formal settings, one should use formal expressions.
๊ฒฐ๋ก ์
gyeollonjeok
conclusive, concluding
์ฐ๋ฆฌ ์ฐ๊ตฌ๋ ์์์ ์ข์์ผ๋ ๊ฒฐ๋ก ์ ํ๊ฐ๋ก๋ ์คํจ์๋ค.
Our research had a good start, but the conclusive assessment was that it was a failure.
์ง์๋ ๊ธธ๊ฒ ๋งํ์ง ์๊ณ ๊ฒฐ๋ก ์ ์ธ ์๊ธฐ ์
์ฅ๋ง ์ ๋ฆฌํด์ ์ด์ผ๊ธฐํ๋ค.
Jisu didn't talk for long โ she just summarized and stated her conclusive position.
๊ฒฐ์ ์
gyeoljeongjeok
definite, decisive
๊ฒ์ฌ๋ ๊ทธ ๋จ์๊ฐ ๋ฒ์ธ์ด๋ผ๋ ๊ฒฐ์ ์ ํ๋จ์ ๋ด๋ ธ๋ค.
The prosecutor made the decisive judgment that the man was the culprit.
๊ฒ์ฐฐ ์ธก์ด ๊ฒฐ์ ์ ์ธ ์ฆ๊ฑฐ๋ฅผ ์ ์ํ์ฌ ์ ์ฃ๊ฐ ์
์ฆ๋์๋ค.
The prosecution presented decisive evidence, and guilt was proven.
๊ฒฝ๋ฉธ์
gyeongmyeoljeok
contemptuous, scornful
๋๋ฅผ ์
์ ์ฌ๊ธฐ๋ ๋ฏํ ๊ทธ์ ๊ฒฝ๋ฉธ์ ๋ฐ์ธ์ ๋๋ ํ๊ฐ ๋ฌ๋ค.
I got angry at his contemptuous remark that seemed to look down on me.
๊ทธ ์ฌ๋ด๋ ๋๋ฅผ ๊น๋ณด๋ ๋ฏํ ๊ฒฝ๋ฉธ์ ์ธ ๋งํฌ๋ฅผ ๋ด๋ฑ์๋ค.
That man spoke with a contemptuous tone, as if looking down on me.
๊ฒฝ์์
gyeongjaengjeok
competitive
๋๋ ๊ฒฝ์์ ์ฑ๊ฒฉ์ด ๊ฐํด์ ์ผ๋ฑ์ ํ๊ธฐ ์ํด ํ์ฐฝ ์์ ๋งค์ผ ๋ฐค๋ฆ๊ฒ๊น์ง ๊ณต๋ถ๋ฅผ ํ๋ค.
I have a strongly competitive personality, so during my school years I studied late every night to be number one.
๊ฒฝ์์ ์ธ ํ๋ ์ฌํ์์๋ ๊ฐ๊ฐ์ธ์ด ์ฌํ์์ ์ด์๋จ๊ธฐ ์ํด ์น์ดํ๊ฒ ์ด์๊ฐ๋ค.
In a competitive modern society, individuals live fiercely just to survive.
๊ฒฝํ์
gyeongheomjeok
empirical, experiential
์ด ์ฑ
์ ๊ฒฝํ์ ์๋ฃ๋ฅผ ํ ๋๋ก ํ๊ตญ ์ฌํ๋ฅผ ์ฐ๊ตฌํ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฌผ์ด๋ค.
This book is the result of research on Korean society based on empirical data.
๊ณผํ์ ์ด๋ก ์ ๊ฒฝํ์ ์ธ ํ์์ ๋ฒ์์์ ์ค๋ช
์ด ๋์ด์ผ ํ๋ค.
Scientific theories must be explained within the scope of empirical phenomena.
๊ณ๋์
gyeryangjeok
quantitative, measuring
๊น ๋ฐ์ฌ๋ ์์ ์ ์ฃผ์ฅ์ ๋ท๋ฐ์นจํ ๊ณ๋์ ์์น๋ฅผ ์ ์ํ๋ค.
Dr. Kim presented quantitative figures to support his claim.
์ฌ๋๋ค์ ๋ด์ฉ๋ณด๋ค๋ ๊ฒ์ผ๋ก ๋๋ฌ๋๋ ๊ณ๋์ ์ธ ์์น์๋ง ์ง์คํ๋ค.
People focus only on the outwardly visible quantitative figures rather than the actual content.
๊ณ์ฐ์
gyesanjeok
calculating, computational
ํ๊ณ ์
๋ฌด์์ ๊ณ์ฐ์ ์ฐฉ์ค๋ ์์ ์ ์๋ ์ผ์ด๋ค.
There can be no calculation errors in accounting work.
์น๊ท๋ ๊ณ์ฐ๋์ ์์ ์์ผ๋ฉด์ ๊ณ์ฐ์ ์ธ ์ค์๊ฐ ๋ง์๋ค.
While sitting at the cash register, Seunggyu made a lot of calculation mistakes.
๊ณ์์
gyesokjjeok
continual, continuous
์ ๊ฐ์ ๋ณ์ ๋ณ์ด ์์น๋ ๋๊น์ง ๊ณ์์ ์น๋ฃ๊ฐ ํ์ํ๋ค.
A disease like cancer requires continuous treatment until it's fully cured.
๋์๋ฆฌ๋ ๊ณ์์ ์ธ ํ๋ณด๋ฅผ ํตํด ํ์ ์๋ฅผ ๋๋ ค ๋๊ฐ๋ค.
The club increased its membership through continuous promotion.
๊ณํต์
gyetongjeok
systematic
๊ณํต์ ์ฌ๊ณ ๋ ๋์์ ์ผ์ ํ ์ฒด๊ณ ์์์ ํ์
ํ๋ ๊ฒ์ด๋ค.
Systematic thinking means grasping a subject within a fixed framework.
์ด ์กฐ์ง์ ๊ณํต์ ์ผ๋ก ์ง์ฌ์ ธ ์๋ค.
This organization is structured systematically.
๊ณ ๋ฐ์
gottawi
that kind (of person/thing) [disparaging]
๊ณ์ ๊ณ ๋ฐ์๋ก ๊ตด๋ฉด ์ ๋ง ํผ๋ ์ค ์์๋ผ.
If you keep acting like that, you'll really get scolded.
๊ณ ๋ฐ์ ์ํํ ์์์ ๋ด๊ฒ๋ ํตํ์ง ์๋๋ค.
That kind of shallow trick won't work on me.
๊ณ ๋ฆฝ์
goripjjeok
isolated
์ฌ์ด๋ผ๋ ๊ณ ๋ฆฝ์ ์์น์ ์๋ ๋๋ผ๋ ๋ค๋ฅธ ๋๋ผ์์ ๊ต๋ฅ์ ๋ถ๋ฆฌํ๋ค.
A country in an isolated position, such as an island, is at a disadvantage for exchange with other countries.
์ด์งํธ๋ ๊ณ ๋ฆฝ์ ์ธ ์์น ๋๋ฌธ์ ๊ณ ์ ์ ๋
ํนํ ๋ฌธํ๋ฅผ ๋ง๋ค ์ ์์๋ค.
Because of its isolated location, Egypt was able to create its own unique culture.
๊ณ ๋ง
goman
that much, that little
์๋ชป์ ์๊ธฐ๊ฐ ๋ ๋ง์ด ํด ๋๊ณ ๋์๊ฒ๋ ๊ณ ๋ง ์ผ๋ก ํ๋ฅผ ๋ด๋ค๋ ๊ธฐ๊ฐ ๋งํ๋ค.
It was outrageous that he made more mistakes himself, yet got angry at me over such a trivial thing.
๋ฏผ์ค์ด๋ ๊ณ ๋ง ์ข ๋จน์ผ๋ผ๊ณ ํ ๋๊น์ง ๊ณ์ ๊ณผ์๋ฅผ ๋จน์๋ค.
Minjun kept eating snacks until someone told him to stop.
๊ณ ๋งํผ
gomankeum
that much, to that extent
์๋ก ์ด์ฌํ ์ง์ ๋ด๊ฐ ์ํ๋ ๋ฑ ๊ณ ๋งํผ ๋์๋ค.
The house I newly moved into was exactly as spacious as I wanted.
๋๋ ์ด์ ์ ์ ์กฐ๊ธ๋ฐ์ ๋ชป ์์ ์ค๋์ ๊ณ ๋งํผ์ ๋ ์ค๋ค.
I only got a little sleep yesterday, so I slept that much more today.
๊ณ ์์
gosikjjeok
being makeshift, being stopgap
ํ๊ต ์์
์๊ฐ์ ๋๋ฆฌ๋ ๊ฒ์ ๊ณ ์์ ์ด์ด์ ์ฌ๊ต์ก๋น ๊ฐ์์ ๋์์ด ๋์ง ์๋๋ค.
Extending school class hours is just a stopgap measure and doesn't help reduce private education costs.
๊ณ ์์ ์์ ์ ์งํต๋ง ์ํ์ํฌ ๋ฟ ๊ทผ๋ณธ์ ์ธ ์น๋ฃ๋ ํ์ง ๋ชปํ๋ค.
A palliative surgery only relieves pain, but doesn't provide a fundamental cure.
๊ณ ์์
goapjjeok
high-handed, domineering
์ ์
์ฌ์ ๊น ์จ๋ ๊น ๋ถ์ฅ์ ๊ณ ์์ ๋งํฌ์ ๊ธฐ๊ฐ ์ฃฝ์๋ค.
New employee Kim was intimidated by manager Kim's domineering tone.
์ ์๋์ ๊ณ ์์ ์ธ ๋ชฉ์๋ฆฌ์ ๊ต์ค์ ์ฅ ์ฃฝ์ ๋ฏ ์กฐ์ฉํด์ก๋ค.
The classroom fell dead silent at the teacher's domineering voice.
๊ณ ์์
gouijeok
intentional, deliberate
๊ทธ์ ์ผ๋น๋ค์ ๋ณดํ๊ธ์ ๋
ธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ ๊ณ ์์ ๊ตํต์ฌ๊ณ ๋ฅผ ๋๋ค.
His accomplices deliberately caused a traffic accident to collect insurance money.
๊ทธ ์ ์๋ ์ถ๊ตฌ ๊ฒฝ๊ธฐ์์ ๊ณ ์์ ์ธ ํํด๋ก ํด์ฅ์ ๋นํ๋ค.
That player was sent off for an intentional tackle in the soccer match.
๊ณ ์
gojak
at most (the most one can claim)
๊น ๋๋ฆฌ๋ ์
๋ฌด๊ฐ ๋ง์ ๋งค์ผ ์ผ๊ทผ์ ํ๊ณ ํ๋ฃจ์ ๋ค ์๊ฐ ์๋ ๊ฒ์ด ๊ณ ์์ด๋ค.
Assistant Manager Kim has so much work that working overtime every day and sleeping only four hours is the most he can manage.
๊ทธ๋ ํ๋ฃจ์ ์ด ์๊ฐ ์ผ์ ํ๊ณ ๊ณ ์ ์ด๋ง ์์ ๋ฒ๋ค.
He works ten hours a day and earns only twenty thousand won.
๊ณ ์ฏค
gojjeum
about that much (as a noun)
๋๋ ๊ณ ์ฏค๋ง ์ผ์ ํด ๋๊ณ ์ด๋ง ํด๊ทผํ๊ธฐ๋ก ๋ง์ ๋จน์๋ค.
I decided to just do about that much work and head home for the day.
์ด์ ๊ธฐ์จ์ ์ํ ์ค ๋๋ ๊ณ ์ฏค ๋์๋ ๊ฒ ๊ฐ๋ค.
Yesterday's temperature seemed to be around minus five degrees or so.
๊ณ ํน์
gohokjjeok
alluring, fascinating
๊ทธ๋
์ ๊ณ ํน์ ๋๋น์ด ๋ด ๋ง์์ ์ฌ๋ก์ก์๋ค.
Her alluring gaze captivated my heart.
๊ด๊ฐ๋ค์ ์ํ๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋ ๋ด๋ด ๊ณ ํน์ ์ธ ์ฃผ์ธ๊ณต์ ๋งค๋ ฅ์ ํ ๋ป ๋น ์ ธ๋ค์๋ค.
The audience was completely captivated by the alluring charm of the main character throughout the movie.
๊ณฑ๋ค
goptta
beautiful, pretty
์ด๋จธ๋๋ ๋์ด๊ฐ ๋์
จ์ง๋ง ๊ณ ์ด ๋ฏธ์๋งํผ์ ์ฌ์ ํ์๋ค.
Mother has aged, but her beautiful smile remains the same.
์์ด ๊ณฑ์ผ๋ฉด ์ ๋๋ก ์์ง์ผ ์ ์๋ค.
If your hands are numb, you can't move them properly.
๊ณ์ ๊ตฌ๋ถ์ ํ๊ฒ ์์ ์์๋๋ ํ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ ๊ณฑ๋ ๊ธฐ๋ถ์ด๋ค.
After sitting hunched over for so long, it feels like my back is getting bent out of shape.
๊ณต๊ฐ์
gongganjeok
spatial
์ด ์์ค์ ์๊ฐ์ ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ์ ์ฒ๊ตฌ๋ฐฑ์น ์ญ ๋
๋์ด๊ณ ๊ณต๊ฐ์ ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ์ ์์ธ์ด๋ค.
This novel's temporal setting is the 1970s, and its spatial setting is Seoul.
๊ทธ ๊ฑด์ถ๊ฐ๋ ๊ณต๊ฐ์ ์ธ ์ ์ฝ์ ํจ์จ์ ์ธ ๊ตฌ์กฐ ์ค๊ณ๋ก ๊ทน๋ณตํ๋ค.
The architect overcame spatial constraints through efficient structural design.
๊ณต๋ช
์ฌ
gongmyeongsim
integrity, fairness of mind
๊ทธ๋ ๊ณต๋ช
์ฌ์ด ์์ด ๊ฐ์ธ์ ์ธ ๊ฐ์ ์ ๋ฐ๋ผ ์ฌ์ฌ๋ฅผ ํ๋ค.
He judged based on personal feelings, without integrity.
๊ณต๋ช
์ฌ์ด ๊ฐํ ์ฌ๋์ ์์ ์ ๊ณต์ ๋ด์ธ์ฐ๋ ๊ฒฝํฅ์ด ์๋ค.
A strongly ambitious person tends to promote their own achievements.
๊ณต๋ช
ํ๋ค
gongmyeonghada
fair, unbiased
๊ทธ๋ค์ ๊ณต๋ช
ํ ์ ๊ฑฐ๋ฅผ ์ํ์ฌ ํ๋ณด๋ค์ด ์ฃผ๋ ์ ๋ฌผ์ ์ฌ์ํ๋ค.
They declined gifts from candidates for the sake of a fair election.
์๋ฆฌ๊ฐ ๊ณต๋ช
ํด์ผ ์
๊ธฐ์์ ์ข์ ์๋ฆฌ๊ฐ ๋ ์ ์๋ค.
Sound must resonate for an instrument to produce a good tone.
๊ณตํต์
gongtongjeok
commonness
์ง์๋ค์ ํ ๋ช
๋ ๋น ์ง์์ด ๊ณตํต์ ์ผ๋ก ์๊ธ ์ธ์์ ์๊ตฌํ๋ค.
Every single employee, without exception, commonly demanded a salary increase.
๋ ์ฌ๋์ ์์
์ด๋ผ๋ ๊ณตํต์ ์ทจ๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ํจ๊ปํ๋ฉด์ ์ ์ ์นํด์ก๋ค.
The two grew closer while sharing a common hobby in music.
๊ณผ์ฅ์
gwajangjeok
exaggerative
๊ณผ์ฅ์ ์ฌ๊ณ ๋ ๋นํฉ๋ฆฌ์ ์ธ ๋ฏฟ์์ ๋ถ๋ฌ์ผ์ผํจ๋ค.
Exaggerative thinking gives rise to irrational beliefs.
์์ฆ์ ๊ณผ์ฅ์ ์ด๊ณ ํ๋ ํจ์
์ด ์ ํ์ด๋ค.
These days, exaggerated and flashy fashion is trendy.
๊ด๋
์
gwannyeomjeok
being ideal, conceptual
์ด ์ฒ ํ ์์ ์ ๊ด๋
์ ์ธ ์์ ๋ก ๊ฐ๋ํด์ ์ดํดํ๊ธฐ๊ฐ ์ด๋ ค์ ๋ค.
This philosophy book was full of abstract, conceptual descriptions, so it was hard to understand.
์ด ์ํ๋ ํ ์ธ๊ฐ์ ์ ์ฒด์ฑ์ ๋ํ ๊ด๋
์ ๋ฌธ์ ๋ฅผ ๋ค๋ฃฌ ์ํ์ด๋ค.
This film deals with abstract, conceptual questions about a person's identity.
๊ด๋ฅ์
gwanneungjeok
sensual
๊ทธ ์ท์ ๋ชจ๋ธ์ ๊ด๋ฅ์ ๋ชธ๋งค์ ์ ์ด์ธ๋ ธ๋ค.
That outfit suited the model's sensual figure well.
์ฌ์ธ์ ๊ด๋ฅ์ ์ธ ๋๋น์ผ๋ก ์ฃผ๋ณ์ ๋จ์๋ค์ ์ ํนํ๋ค.
The woman seduced the men around her with a sensual look.
๊ด๋ฃ์
gwallyojeok
bureaucratic
๊ต์ฌ๋ค์ ๊ด๋ฃ์ ํ๋๊ฐ ํ์๋ค์ ๋ฐ๋ฐ์ ์๋ค.
The teachers' bureaucratic attitude drew backlash from the students.
๊ต์ก์ฒญ์ ๊ด๋ฃ์ ์ด๊ณ ๋
๋จ์ ์ธ ํ์ ์ผ๋ก ๊ต์ฌ๋ค์ ์๊ฒฌ์ ๋ฌต์ด๋์๋ค.
Because of the education office's bureaucratic and arbitrary administration, the teachers' opinions were ignored.
๊ด๋ง์
gwanmangjeok
watching from afar, wait-and-see
๋๋ ๋ถ๋์ฐ ๊ฐ๊ฒฉ์ด ์ข ๋ ๋ด๋ฆด ๋๊น์ง ๊ด๋ง์ ์ธ ์์ธ๋ก ๊ธฐ๋ค๋ ค ๋ณด๊ธฐ๋ก ํ๋ค.
I decided to wait in a wait-and-see manner until real estate prices dropped a bit more.
์ฐ๋ฆฌ๋ ์ฃผ๊ฐ๊ฐ ๋ค์ ์ค๋ฅด๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๊ด๋ง์ ์์ธ๋ก ๊ธฐ๋ค๋ฆฌ๊ณ ์๋ค.
We are waiting in a wait-and-see stance for stock prices to rise again.
๊ด์ต์
gwanseupjjeok
customary
๋น๋๊ธฐ๋ ํํ๋ฅผ ์์งํ๋ ๊ด์ต์ ์์ง๋ฌผ์ด๋ค.
The dove is a customary symbol of peace.
ํผ๋ก๋ฅผ ๋ง์น ์ ํผ๋ถ๋ถ๋ ๊ด์ต์ ์ผ๋ก ํ๋ฐฑ์ ํ๋ค.
After finishing the wedding ceremony, the newlyweds customarily performed the pyebaek ritual.
๊ด์ฉ์
gwanyongjeok
idiomatic, commonly used
์๋ด์ ์ฌํ ๋ด์์ ์ค๋ซ๋์ ๊ตณ์ด์ ธ ์ฌ์ฉ๋์ด ์จ ๊ด์ฉ์ ํํ์ ํ๋์ด๋ค.
A proverb is one kind of idiomatic expression that has become fixed through long use in society.
์ ๋ถ๋ ๊ด์ฉ์ ์ผ๋ก ์ฐ๋ ์ธ๋์ด๋ค์ ๊ณ ์ ์ด๋ก ๋ฐ๊พธ๋ ค๋ ๋
ธ๋ ฅ์ ํ๊ณ ์๋ค.
The government is making efforts to replace habitually used loanwords with native Korean words.
๊ด์ ์
gwangsinjeok
fanatical
๊ด์ ์ ํ๋๋ก ๋
์ฌ์๋ฅผ ์ถ์ข
ํ๋ ์ฌ๋๋ค๋ ์์๋ค.
There were also people who followed the dictator with a fanatical attitude.
ํ ๋จธ๋๋ ์ ์์ด์ ๋ง์ด๋ผ๋ฉด ๋ฌด์กฐ๊ฑด ๋ฏฟ๊ณ ๊ด์ ์ ์ผ๋ก ๋ฐ๋๋ค.
My grandmother unconditionally believed whatever the fortune teller said and followed it fanatically.
๊ด์
gwangjeok
mad, frantic
๋ด ์น๊ตฌ๋ ์ ์ ๊ธฐ๊ธฐ์ ๊ด์ ์ง์ฐฉ์ ๋ณด์ด๋ฉด์ ๋์ ์์ฒญ๋๊ฒ ๋ค์๋ค.
My friend showed a frantic obsession with electronic devices and spent an enormous amount of money.
์ฌ๋ด์ ๋๋น์ ๊ด์ ์ธ ์ง๋
์ผ๋ก ๋ฒ์ฉ์๋ค.
The man's eyes gleamed with a frantic tenacity.
๊ตํ์
gyohunjeok
instructive, moral
์ค๋ ๋ณธ ์ํ๋ ์ฌ๋์ ์ฃผ์ ๋ก ํ ๊ตํ์ ์ด์ผ๊ธฐ๋ก ํฐ ๊ฐ๋์ ์ฃผ์๋ค.
The movie I saw today was a moving, instructive story about love.
๋๋ ์ฑ์ค๊ณผ ๋
ธ๋ ฅ์ด๋ผ๋ ๊ตํ์ ์ธ ๋ด์ฉ์ ์ฃผ์ ๋ก ๊ฐ์ฐ์ ํ๋ค.
I gave a lecture on the instructive theme of sincerity and effort.
๊ตฌ์ฌ์
gusimjeok
central, pivotal
์ด๋ฒ์ ์ด๋ฆฌ๋ ํ๊ฒฝ ํ์๋ ์ ์ธ๊ณ ํ๊ฒฝ ๋ณดํธ์ ๊ตฌ์ฌ์ ์ญํ ์ ํ๊ฒ ๋ ๊ฒ์ด๋ค.
The environmental conference to be held this time will play a pivotal role in global environmental protection.
๊ทธ ์ด๋ก ์ ์ธ์ฐ๋ ค๋ฉด ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ด ๋๋ ๊ตฌ์ฌ์ ์ธ ๊ฐ๋
์ ๋จผ์ ์ดํดํด์ผ ํ๋ค.
To memorize that theory, you must first understand the basic, central concepts.
๊ตญ๋ฏผ์
gungminjeok
relating to the nation
๊ตญ๋ฏผ์ ์ผ๋ก ์ ๊ฐ๋์๋ ๊ธ์ฐ ์ด๋ ๋๋ถ์ ํก์ฐ์จ์ด ๊ธ๊ฐํ๋ค.
Thanks to the nationwide anti-smoking campaign, the smoking rate dropped sharply.
์๋ ์ด์ ์ ๊ดํ ์ฌ์์ ๊ตญ๋ฏผ์ ์ฌ๋ก ์ ๋ฐ์ํด์ ๊ฒฐ์ ๋์ด์ผ ํ ๋ฌธ์ ์ด๋ค.
The matter of relocating the capital must be decided by reflecting national public opinion.
๊ตด์์
guryokjjeok
humiliating
๊ณ๊ธ ์ฌํ์์ ํ์ธต๋ฏผ์ ์์ ๊ณ๊ธ์ ๋ณต์ข
ํ๋ ๊ตด์์ ์ถ์ ์ด์์ผ ํ๋ค.
In a class society, the lower classes had to live a humiliating life obeying the upper classes.
์ ๋ถ๋ ๊ฐ๋๊ตญ์ ๊ณ ์์ ์ธ ์์ธ์ ๋๋ ค ๋ค๋๋ ๊ตด์์ ์ธ ๋ชจ์ต์ ๋ณด์ฌ ์ฃผ์๋ค.
The government showed a humiliating spectacle of being dragged along by the powerful nation's high-handed stance.
๊ตด์ข
์
guljongjeok
submissive
์ฒ ์ ํ ์ ๋ถ์ ์ฌํ์์ ๋
ธ์๋ค์ ๊ตด์ข
์ ์ถ์ ์ด์์ผ ํ๋ค.
In a thoroughly stratified society, slaves had to live a submissive life.
์ฌ๋๋ค์ ์ธ๋ก ์ด ๊ถ๋ ฅ์ ๊ตด์ข
์ ์ด๋ผ๊ณ ๋นํํ๋ค.
People criticized the press for being submissive to power.
๊ถ๊ทน์
gunggeukjjeok
ultimate, final
์ฌ๋ฆฌํ์ ๊ถ๊ทน์ ๋ชฉํ๋ ์ธ๊ฐ์ ์ดํดํ๋ ๊ฒ์ด๋ค.
The ultimate goal of psychology is to understand human beings.
๊ธฐ์
์ ๊ถ๊ทน์ ์ธ ๋ชฉํ๋ ์ด์ค ์ถ๊ตฌ์ ์๋ค.
A company's ultimate goal lies in the pursuit of profit.
๊ถ์์
gwonwijeok
authoritative, overbearing
๊ทธ ๋ถ๋ชจ๋ ์ฌ์ฌ๊ฑด๊ฑด ์์ด๋ค์ ํต์ ํ๋ ค๊ณ ํ๋ ๊ถ์์ ํ๋๋ฅผ ๋ณด์๋ค.
Those parents showed an authoritarian attitude, trying to control their children in every little thing.
๊ถ์์ ์ธ ๊น ์จ๋ ์์ฌ๋์ ๋ํ ์์๋ฅผ ๋ฌด์ฒ ์ค์ํ๊ฒ ์๊ฐํ๋ค.
The authoritarian Mr. Kim considers manners toward superiors very important.
๊ท๋ฒ์
gyubeomjeok
normative
๊ธฐ๋
๊ต์ธ๋ค์๊ฒ๋ ์ฑ๊ฒฝ์ด ์ถ์ ๊ท๋ฒ์ ์ญํ ์ ํ๋ค.
For Christians, the Bible plays a normative role in life.
์๋ฒ์ง๋ ๋ ๋ฒ์ ์งํค๊ณ ์ด์์ผ ํ๋ค๊ณ ๊ท๋ฒ์ ์ธ ์ํ์ ๊ฐ์ํ์
จ๋ค.
My father always insisted that we live a normative life, obeying the law.
๊ท ํ์
gyunhyeongjeok
balanced
์ ๋ถ๋ ์ฐ์
์ ๊ท ํ์ ๋ฐ์ ์ ์ํด ๊ธฐ๋ฐ์ด ์ทจ์ฝํ ์ฐ์
์ ๊ฒฝ์ ์ ์ธ ๋์์ ์ฃผ์๋ค.
The government provided economic support to industries with a weak foundation for the balanced development of industry.
์ง๋์๋ก์ ์๋ซ์ฌ๋๋ค๋ผ๋ฆฌ์ ๊ถ๋ ฅ ๋คํผ์ ๊ท ํ์ ์ผ๋ก ์กฐ์ ํ๋ค๋ ๊ฒ์ ๋งค์ฐ ์ด๋ ค์ด ์ผ์ด๋ค.
As a leader, balancedly regulating power struggles among subordinates is a very difficult task.
๊ทธ๋ ๊ทธ๋
geureonggeureong
to the brim
๋ฐค์ ๋ด๋ฆฐ ๋น๋ฌผ์ด ๋๋ญ์๋ง๋ค ๊ทธ๋ ๊ทธ๋ ๊ณ ์ฌ ์์๋ค.
The rainwater that had fallen all night had pooled to the brim on every leaf.
๊ทธ๋ ๋ชฉ์ ๋ญ๊ฐ ๊ฑธ๋ ธ๋์ง ์จ์ ์ด ๋๋ง๋ค ๊ทธ๋ ๊ทธ๋ ์๋ฆฌ๊ฐ ๋ฌ๋ค.
Something seemed stuck in his throat, making a wheezing sound every time he breathed.
๊ทน๋จ
geukttan
extreme
์น๊ท๋ ์ฒ์ ๋ณธ ์ฌ๋์๊ฒ ๋๋ฌด๋ ๋ฌด๋กํ ๊ทน๋จ์ ํ๋์ ๋ณด์๋ค.
Seunggyu showed extremely rude, extreme behavior toward a person he'd just met.
๊ทน๋จ์์๋ ์๋ก ๊ณต์ฐํ ์ฐ๊ทน์ ์ฌ์ ์ฃผ์ธ๊ณต์ ๋ชจ์งํ๊ณ ์๋ค.
The theatrical company is recruiting a leading actress for the new play they'll perform.
๊ทน๋จ์
geukttanjeok
being extreme
์๊ธฐ ์์ ์ ์๊ฐํ๋ ๊ฒ์ด ๊ทน๋จ์ ์ด ๋๋ฉด ์ด๊ธฐ์ฃผ์๊ฐ ๋๋ค.
When thinking of oneself becomes extreme, it turns into selfishness.
์ฑ์ ์ ๋น๊ดํ ํ ๊ณ ๋ฑํ์์ด ์์ด์ด๋ผ๋ ๊ทน๋จ์ ์ ํ์ ํ์๋ค.
A high school student, despairing over their grades, made the extreme choice of suicide.
๊ทน์
geukjjeok
dramatic
์ด ์ด์ผ๊ธฐ๋ ์ํ๋ก ์ ์ํ๊ธฐ์๋ ๊ทน์ ์์๋ ฅ์ด ๋ถ์กฑํ๋ค๊ณ ํ ์ ์๋ค.
This story could be said to lack the dramatic imagination needed to be made into a film.
๋ฐฐ์ ์ ๋๋ผ๋ง์ ์์ฃผ ๋ฑ์ฅํ๋ ๊ทน์ ์ธ ์์ฌ ์ค ํ๋์ด๋ค.
Betrayal is one of the dramatic themes that frequently appears in dramas.
๊ทนํ
geukan
limits, extremity
๋ฏผ์ค์ ๊ฐ์กฑ์ ์ฃฝ์์ผ๋ก ๊ทนํ์ ์ฌํ์ ๊ฒฝํํ๋ค.
Minjun experienced extreme sorrow over his family's death.
์ฐ๋ฆฌ๋ ๋๋ณด๋ผ๊ฐ ์น๋ ์ฐ์ ์ค๋ฅด๋ฉด์ ๊ทนํ์ ์ถ์๋ฅผ ๊ฒฝํํ๋ค.
We experienced extreme cold while climbing the snow-storming mountain.
๊ทผ๋ณธ์
geunbonjeok
fundamental
ํญ์ฐ์ ๊ทผ๋ณธ์ ์์ธ์ธ ๊ธฐํ ๋ณํ์ ๋ํ ๋์ฑ
์ด ์๊ธํ๋ค.
Measures against climate change, the fundamental cause of the heavy rain, are urgently needed.
๊ตญ๊ฐ๋ฅผ ์ด๋ฃจ๋ ๊ฐ์ฅ ๊ทผ๋ณธ์ ์ธ ์์๋ ๊ตญ๋ฏผ์ด๋ค.
The most fundamental element that makes up a nation is its people.
๊ทผ์์
geunwonjeok
being fundamental
์ด ์ํ๋ ์ธ๊ฐ์ ๊ทผ์์ ์ธ ๊ณ ๋
์ ๋ค๋ฃจ์ด ํฐ ๊ณต๊ฐ์ ์ป์๋ค.
This film deals with humanity's fundamental loneliness and gained great empathy.
์ง์๋ ์ด ํ์์ ๊ทผ์์ ์๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์ฐ๊ตฌํ๊ณ ์๋ค.
Jisu is researching the fundamental principle of this phenomenon.
๊ธ์ง์
geupjjinjeok
rapid, fast
๊ธฐ์ ๋ฌธ๋ช
์ ๋ฐ๋ฌ์ ์ฐ๋ฆฌ ์ฌํ์ ๊ธ์ง์ ๋ณํ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ์ ธ์๋ค.
The development of technological civilization brought rapid change to our society.
๊ฒฝ์ ์ ๊ธ์ง์ ์ธ ๋ฐ์ ์ ํ๊ฒฝ ์ค์ผ์ด๋ผ๋ ๋ถ์์ฉ๋ ํจ๊ป ๊ฐ์ ธ์๋ค.
The rapid development of the economy also brought the side effect of environmental pollution.
๊ธฐ๊ต์
gigyojeok
sophisticated
์ด ์๊ฐ์ ์ํ์ ๊ธฐ๊ต์ ๊ธ์ฐ๊ธฐ์๋ง ์น์คํ์ฌ ์ง์ฌ์ ์์๋ค.
This writer's essays focused only on sophisticated writing technique and lost their sincerity.
๊ทธ์ ๋
ธ๋๋ ์ง๋์น๊ฒ ๊ธฐ๊ต์ ์ด์ด์ ๊น์ ๊ฐ๋์ ์ฃผ์ง ๋ชปํ๋ค.
His song was overly technical and failed to give deep emotion.
๊ธฐ๋ฅ์
gineungjeok
being functional
๋๋ ์น์ ๊ต์ ์ ํ๊ณ ๋ ํ์ ์์์ ์ ์น์ ์ ์๊ฒ ๋์ด ์น์์ ๊ธฐ๋ฅ์ ์ธ ๋ฉด์ด ํฅ์๋์๋ค.
After getting my teeth straightened, I could chew food well, and the functional aspect of my teeth improved.
์ฐ๋ฆฌ ํ์ฌ๋ ์ ํ์ ๋์์ธ๋ณด๋ค๋ ์ฌ๋ฌ ์ฑ๋ฅ์ ๊ฐ์ถ๋ ๊ธฐ๋ฅ์ ์ธก๋ฉด์ ๋ ์ค์์ํ๋ค.
Our company values the functional aspect of equipping various performance features more than the product's design.
๊ธฐ๋ก์
girokjjeok
record-breaking
๊ธฐ์ ์ด๋ณ์ ์ํฅ์ผ๋ก ์ ๋ฝ์๋ ๊ธฐ๋ก์ ์ธ ํญ์ค์ด ๋ด๋ ธ๋ค.
Due to the effects of abnormal weather, a record-breaking snowfall hit Europe.
๊ทธ๋ ์ด๋ฆฐ ๋์ด์ ๊ตญ๊ฐ๋ํ๋ก ์ถ์ ํด ๊ธฐ๋ก์ ์ ์ ์ฐจ์ด๋ก ์ฐ์น์ ์ฐจ์งํ๋ค.
He competed as a national team member at a young age and won by a record-breaking score margin.
๊ธฐ์ ์
gisuljeok
technical, technological
์ฐ๋ฆฌ ์ฌํ๋ ๊ธฐ์ ์ ๋ฐ์ ์ ๋ฐํ์ผ๋ก ํ์ฌ ๋ง์ ๋ณํ๋ฅผ ๊ฒช์ด ์๋ค.
Our society has undergone many changes based on technological development.
๊ณต์ฅ์ ๊ธฐ๊ณ์์ ๊ธฐ์ ์ ์ธ ๋ฌธ์ ์ ์ด ๋ฐ๊ฒฌ๋์ด ๋น๋ถ๊ฐ ๊ฐ๋์ด ์ค๋จ๋์๋ค.
A technical problem was found in the factory's machinery, so operations were suspended for the time being.
๊ธฐ์ต์
giseupjjeok
surprise, sudden
๋ฌธ์ ๊ฐ ๋ง์ ๋ฒ๋ฅ ์์ ๊ธฐ์ต์ ํต๊ณผ์ ๊ตญ๋ฏผ๋ค์ ํญ์ํ๋ค.
Citizens protested the surprise passage of a bill with many problems.
์ด์ ์คํ๋ถํฐ ์์์ง ๊ธฐ์ต์ ์ธ ํญ์ฐ์ ์งํ์ฒ ์ดํ์ด ์ ์ ์ค๋จ๋์๋ค.
Subway operations were briefly suspended due to a surprise downpour that started pouring yesterday afternoon.
๊ธฐ์ ์
gijeokjjeok
miracle
๊ทธ๋
๋ ๋ค๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์ฌํ๊ฒ ๋ค์ณค์ง๋ง ๊ธฐ์ ์ ์ธ ํ๋ณต์ ๋ณด์ฌ ๋ค์ ๊ฑท๊ฒ ๋์๋ค.
She badly injured her leg, but she made a miraculous recovery and was able to walk again.
์น๊ท๋ ์ ๊ต ๊ผด์ฐ์์ ์ ๊ต ์ผ๋ฑ์ผ๋ก ๋ถ๊ณผ ๋ฐ๋
๋ง์ ๊ธฐ์ ์ ๋ฐ์ ์ ์ด๋ค๋ค.
Seunggyu made a miraculous improvement, going from last place in the whole school to first place in just half a year.
๊ธฐ์ง
giji
wisdom, wits
๊น ์จ๋ ์์ ์ด ๋ค์น ์๋ ์๋ ์ํํ ์ํฉ์์ ๊ธฐ์ง๋ฅผ ๋ฐํํด ๊ฐ๋๋ฅผ ๋ถ์ก์๋ค.
Mr. Kim used quick wits to catch the robber, even in a dangerous situation where he could have been hurt.
์ฐ๋ฆฌ๋ ์ ๊ตฐ์๊ฒ ๊ธฐ์ง๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์ต ๊ณต๊ฒฉ๋นํ์ง ์๋๋ก ๊ต๋๋ก ๋ถ์นจ๋ฒ์ ์ฐ๋ค.
We took turns standing night watch so the base wouldn't be caught off guard by an enemy surprise attack.
๊ธฐํ
gipum
dignity
๊ตฐ๋๋ฅผ ์ด๋๋ ์ฅ๊ตฐ์ ์ฉ์ฉํ๊ณ ๋ ๋ฆํ ๊ธฐํ์ ๊ฐ์ถ๊ณ ์์๋ค.
The general leading the army had a bold and dignified bearing.
๋
ธ๋ถ์ธ์ ์ฐ์ํ๊ณ ๋จ์ ํ ์ท์ฐจ๋ฆผ์์ ๊ธฐํ์ด ๋๊ปด์ก๋ค.
You could feel the elegance in the old lady's graceful and tidy attire.
๊ธฐํํ์
gihahakjjeok
geometric (based on the study of shape)
๊ฑฐ๋ฏธ์ง์ด๋ ๋ฒ์ง์ ๋ชจ์์ ๊ธฐํํ์ ์ด๋ค.
The shape of a spider web or a beehive is geometric.
์ ๋ฏผ์ด๋ ๊ธฐํํ์ ๋ฌด๋ฌ๊ฐ ์๋ ์
์ธ ๋ฅผ ์
์๋ค.
Yumin wore a shirt with a geometric pattern.
๊ธฐํ
gihaeng
eccentricity
๊ทธ๋ ํผ์๋
ธ๋ฅผ ์น๋ฉด์ ์ ์ ์์ด ๊ณ ๊ฐ๋ฅผ ๋๋ฆฌ๋ ๊ธฐํ์ ๋ณด์๋ค.
He showed an eccentric behavior of frantically turning his head while playing the piano.
๋๋ ์ฐ๋ฆฌ๋๋ผ์ ์ ์ ์ง๋ค์ ๋์๋ค๋๋ฉฐ ์ญ์ฌ ๊ธฐํ์ ์ ์๋ค.
I traveled around historic sites in my country and wrote a historical travelogue.
๊ธฐํ์
gihyeongjeok
deformed
์ด ๊ฑด๋ฌผ์ ์์ผ๋ก ๊ธฐ์ธ์ด์ง ๊ธฐํ์ ํํ๋ก ์ฐ๋ฌ์ง ๋ฏ ์์ฌ์์ฌํ๊ฒ ๋ณด์ธ๋ค.
This building looks precariously deformed, tilted to the side as if it might collapse.
์ฐ์
ํ ์ดํ๋ก ์ฌ๋๋ค์ด ๋๋์์๋ง ๊ธฐํ์ ์ผ๋ก ๋ชฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ๋์๋ค.
Since industrialization, people have crowded into big cities in a lopsided, abnormal way.
๊ธธ๋ค
gilda
long, lengthy
์๋งค๊ฐ ๋๋ฌด ๊น๋๋ค.
The sleeves are too long.
๋ฉฐ์น ์ฌ์ด ํฑ์ ํฑ์์ผ์ด ๋ง์ด ๊ธด ๋๋์ด๋ค.
It feels like my beard has grown a lot on my chin over the past few days.
๊น๋ฌผ๊น๋ฌผํ๋ค
kkamulkkamulhada
to flicker, blink, glimmer
์ด๋ถ์ ๊บผ์ง ๋ฏ ๋ง ๋ฏ ๊น๋ฌผ๊น๋ฌผํ๋๋ ๊ณง ๊บผ์ก๋ค.
The candlelight flickered as if it were about to go out, and soon it did.
๊น๋ฌผ๊น๋ฌผํ ๋ฑ๋ถ์ ๋ฐ๋์ด ๋ถ์ ๊ณง ๊บผ์ง ๊ฒ๋ง ๊ฐ์๋ค.
The dimly glimmering lantern looked like it would go out the moment the wind blew.
๊น๊นํ๋ค
kkalkkalhada
rough, coarse
๋์ด ์ฌ๋ฆ์ด๋ฉด ํ ์๋ฒ์ง๋ ๊น๊นํ ๋ชจ์ ์ ์ผ์ ์
์๋ค.
In the hot summer, Grandfather wore a rough ramie jacket.
์น๊ตฌ๋ค์ ๊ฐ์๊ธฐ ๊น๊นํ๊ณ ์์์ ํฐ๋จ๋ ธ๋ค.
My friends suddenly burst into loud laughter.
๊น์ง
kkamjjak
with a startle
๋๋ ๊ฐ์๊ธฐ ์ฐพ์์จ ์๋์ ๊น์ง ๋๋๋ค.
I was startled by the guest who suddenly showed up.
๋๋ ๊ทธ๋
๊ฐ ํฐ ๋์ ํ ๋ฒ ๊น์ง ๊ฐ์๋ค๊ฐ ๋ฐ ๋๋ง๋ค ๋ง์์ด ๋๊ทผ๋๋ค.
My heart raced every time she blinked her big eyes once.
๊น์ง๊น์ง
kkamjjakkkamjjak
with repeated startles
๋ด ๋์์ ์กฐ๊ทธ๋ง ์๋ฆฌ์๋ ๊น์ง๊น์ง ์ ๋๋ผ๊ณค ํ๋ค.
My little sibling often gets startled easily, even at small sounds.
์๊พธ ๋์ ๊น์ง๊น์ง ๊น๋นก์ด์ง ๋ง์ธ์.
Please stop blinking your eyes over and over.
๊ป๊ปํ๋ค
kkeolkkeolhada
to guffaw, roar with laughter
์ ์๋์ ๋ฏผ์ค์ด์ ์๋ฑํ ๋๋ต์ ๊ป๊ปํ๋ฉฐ ์์์ ํฐ๋จ๋ฆฌ์
จ๋ค.
The teacher roared with laughter at Minjun's silly answer.
์์ญ ๋
์ ์๋น ์ฃผ๋ฐฉ์์ ์ผํ ์ด๋จธ๋์ ์์ ๊ป๊ปํ๊ธฐ๋ง ํ๋ค.
My mother's hands, from decades of working in a restaurant kitchen, were nothing but rough.
๊ผฌ๋ฐ
kkobak
whole, full (of time spent)
์ฐ๋ฆฌ๋ ์๋ฒฝ๋ถํฐ ๋ฐ๋์ ์ ๊ผฌ๋ฐ ๊ฑธ์ ๋์ ๊ฒจ์ฐ ๋ชฉ์ ์ง์ ๋์ฐฉํ ์ ์์๋ค.
We finally reached our destination after walking a full half day straight from dawn.
์์ด๋ ์์ค์ดํ๋ฉฐ ๊ผฌ๋ฐ ์ธ์ฌ๋ฅผ ํ์๋ค.
The child bowed shyly with a nod in greeting.
๊ผฌ๋นก
kkoppak
whole, full (of time spent)
์น๊ตฌ์ ๋๋ ๊ทธ๋์ ๋ชปํ ์ด์ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํ๋๋ผ ๋ฐค์ ๊ผฌ๋นก ์์ ๋ค.
My friend and I stayed up the whole night talking about everything we hadn't gotten to say.
๊ทธ ํ๋ฐฐ๋ ๋ฐฉ์ ๋๊ฐ๋ฉด์ ๋์๊ฒ ๊ผฌ๋นก ์ธ์ฌํ๋ค.
The junior gave me a quick bow as they left the room.
๊ผญ
kkok
without fail, certainly
๊ทธ ์ํ์ ์ผ์์ผ์ด๋ฉด ๊ผญ ๋ฌธ์ ๋ซ๋๋ค.
That bank always closes without fail on Sundays.
์ญ ๋
๋ง์ ๋ง๋ ๋ ์ฌ๋์ ๋ฐ๊ฐ์์ ๋ ์์ ๊ผญ ์ก์๋ค.
The two, meeting for the first time in ten years, clasped hands tightly out of joy.
๊ผญ๊ผญ
kkokkkok
firmly, tightly (repeatedly)
๋๋ ๋ฐฅ์ ์ฒ์ฒํ ๊ผญ๊ผญ ์น์ด ๋จน์๋ค.
I chewed my food slowly and thoroughly.
์ ํ๋ฒํธ๋ฅผ ๊ผญ๊ผญ ํ์ธํ์ธ์.
Please always double-check the phone number.
๊ผด
kkol
shape, look, sight
๊ทธ ์ฑ
์์ ๋ค๋ชจ๋ ๊ผด์ด์๋ค.
That desk was square in shape.
์์๋ ์ก์์ง๊ฐ ๋จน๊ธฐ ์ฝ๋๋ก ๊ผด์ ์๊ฒ ์ฐ์๋ค.
Yeongsu chopped up the fodder finely so the calf could eat it easily.
๊ฝํ๋ค
kkonghada
to hold a grudge, be sulky
์๋ด๋ ๋ด๊ฐ ํ๋ธ ์ผ์ ์ผ์ผ์ด ๋ง์์ ๋ด์๋ ์ ๋๋ก ๊ฝํ ๋ฐ๊ฐ ์๋ค.
My wife has a sulky streak โ she holds onto every time I've gotten angry.
๊ฝํ ์ฑ๊ฒฉ์ ๊น ๋
ธ์ธ์ ๊ฑธํํ๋ฉด ๋ง์ ์ฌ๋๋ค๊ณผ ์ธ์ฐ๊ณค ํ๋ค.
Old Mr. Kim, who had a narrow-minded personality, used to quarrel with the villagers over the smallest things.
๊ฝ
kkwang
losing lot, blank (in a drawing/lottery)
๊ฝ! ๋ค์ ๊ธฐํ์.
A blank! Maybe next time.
๋๋ก๋ฅผ ๋ฌ๋ฆฌ๋ ์๋์ฐจ ์๋ก ๊ฝ ํ๋ ์๋ฆฌ์ ํจ๊ป ์ปค๋ค๋ ๋์ด ๋จ์ด์ ธ ํฐ ์ฌ๊ณ ๊ฐ ๋ฌ๋ค.
A large rock fell onto a car driving on the road with a loud bang, causing a serious accident.
๊พธ๋ฒ
๊พธ๋ฒ
kkubeokkkubeok
with repeated nods
์์ด๋ ์ด์๋ค์๊ฒ ๊พธ๋ฒ
๊พธ๋ฒ
์ธ์ฌํ๋ค.
The child bowed repeatedly in greeting to the neighbors.
๊ทธ๋ ์ค๋์ ๋ค๋ฅผ ๋ฐ๋ผ ์๋ฌด ๋ง ์๊ณ ๊พธ๋ฒ
๊พธ๋ฒ
์ฐ๊ธธ์ ์ฌ๋ผ๊ฐ๋ค.
He silently followed the monk, obediently climbing the mountain path.
๊ฟํ๋ค
kkunghada
sullen, moody
์ ๋ฏผ์ด๋ ๋ญ๊ฐ ๋ง์์ ์ ๋๋์ง ๊ฟํ ํ์ ์ ์ง๊ณ ์์๋ค.
Yumin was making a sullen face, as if something was bothering her.
์๋ด๋ ๋ญ๊ฐ ๋ง์์ ์ ๋๋์ง ๋ช ๋ ๋ฉฐ์น ๋ง๋ ์ ํ๊ณ ๊ฟํด ์๋ค.
My wife, for some reason unhappy, has been sulking without a word for several days.
๋ผ์ ๋ผ์
kkijeokkkijeok
scribbly, in a scribbling manner
๋ฏผ์ค์ด๋ ์์
์๊ฐ ๋ด๋ด ๋
ธํธ์ ๋ผ์ ๋ผ์ ๋์๋ง ํ๋ค.
Minjun scribbled doodles in his notebook the whole class.
๋๋ ์์์ด ๋ง์ด ์์ด์ ๋ผ์ ๋ผ์ ๋จน๋ ์๋๋ง ํ๋ค.
The food didn't taste good, so I just picked at it, pretending to eat.
๋์์ด
naitssal
mature age (disparaging)
๋์์ด์ด๋ ๊ฝค ๋จน์๋ค๋ ๋
์์ด ์์ง๋ ์ ์ ์ ๋ชป ์ฐจ๋ฆฌ๊ณ ๋ค๋
?
That guy, who's supposedly old enough to know better, is still acting so immature?
๋งํ์ด ๋์ด์๋ ์ผ์ด๋ ๋์์ด์ด ์ช์ ํ๋ํ ์ธ์์ด ๋์๋ค.
Now past forty, my uncle has put on some age-related weight and looks more amiable.
๋๊ด
nakkkwan
optimism
๊ทธ๋ ์์ง ์ด ์ธ์์ ์ด ๋งํ ๊ณณ์ด๋ผ๊ณ ๋๊ด์ ํ์๋ค.
He held onto optimism, believing this world was still worth living in.
๋๋ ์ฌํ์ ๊ธฐ์ธ์ธ ์ํ์ ๋ง์ง๋ง์ผ๋ก ๋๊ด์ ์ฐ์๋ค.
I finally stamped my seal on the work I had poured my heart into.
๋๊ด์
nakkkwanjeok
being positive, optimistic
๊ทธ๋ ๊ฐ๋ํด๋ ์ธ์ ๊ฐ๋ ์์ด ์ ์์ ๊ฒ์ผ๋ก ๋ฏฟ๊ณ ๋๊ด์ ์ผ๋ก ์ด์๋ค.
Even though he was poor, he lived optimistically, believing he'd do well someday.
์ถ์ ๋ํ ๋๊ด์ ํ๋๋ฅผ ๊ฐ์ง ๊ทธ๋ ๋งค์ฌ์ ๊ธ์ ์ ์ด๊ณ ํฌ๋ง์ ์ผ๋ก ์ํ๋ค.
With an optimistic attitude toward life, he approached everything positively and hopefully.
๋์ฒ์
nakcheonjeok
optimistic
ํญ์ ๋ฐ๊ฒ ์๋ ์ง์๋ ๋์ฒ์ ์ฑ๊ฒฉ์ ์์ ์์ด๋ค.
Jisu, who always smiles brightly, has an optimistic personality.
์น๊ท๋ ๋์ฒ์ ์ธ ์ฑ๊ฒฉ์ด๋ผ ๊ทธ๋ฐ์ง ๊ฑฑ์ ์ด ์์ด ๋ณด์ธ๋ค.
Maybe because Seunggyu has an optimistic personality, he seems worry-free.
๋ซ๋ค
nattta
better
์ด ์ํ์ด ์ด ์ค์์ ๊ฐ์ฅ ๋ซ๋ค์.
This piece is the best among these.
๋ถ๋ฌ์ง ๋ค๋ฆฌ๊ฐ ๋ค ๋์๋ ํ๋์ ๋ชฉ๋ฐ ์์ด ๊ฑท๊ธฐ๋ ํ๋ค ๊ฒ์ด๋ค.
Even after the broken leg fully heals, it will be hard to walk without crutches for a while.
๋ญ๋ง์
nangmanjeok
romantic
ํฐ ๋์ผ๋ก ๋ค๋ฎ์ธ ์ธ์์ ๋ญ๋ง์ ํ๊ฒฝ ๊ทธ ์์ฒด์๋ค.
The world covered in white snow was a romantic scene in itself.
๋๋ ์ฒ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๋ ์์ ์๋ ๊ฒฐํผ์ ๋ญ๋ง์ ์ผ๋ก๋ง ์๊ฐํ๋ค.
In my naive younger days, I thought of marriage only in a romantic way.
๋ด๋ง
naemak
internal membrane
์ข
์์ด ๊ธฐ๊ด์ง ๋ด๋ง์ ์๊ทนํ๋ฉด ๊ธฐ์นจ์ ์์ฃผ ํ๊ฒ ๋๋ค.
If a tumor irritates the bronchial membrane, it causes frequent coughing.
๊ฒ์ฐฐ์ ์์ฌ๊ฐ ์งํ๋ ์๋ก ๊ทธ ์ฌ๊ฑด์ ์์ธํ ๋ด๋ง์ด ๋๋ฌ๋๊ณ ์๋ค.
As the prosecution's investigation proceeds, the detailed inside story of the case is coming to light.
๋ด๋ฉด์
naemyeonjeok
internal (mental, psychological)
์์ด๋ค์ ๋ง์ด ์ํด๋ฌ์ ๋ด๋ฉด์ ๊ฐ๋ฑ์ ์ ํํํ์ง ๋ชปํ๋ค.
Children aren't skilled with words, so they can't express their internal conflicts well.
์ด ์ฑ
์ ๋ด๋ฉด์ ์ด๊ณ ๋ณธ์ง์ ์ธ ์๊ธฐ ์ฑ์ฐฐ์ ๋ํด ์ด์ผ๊ธฐํ๊ณ ์๋ค.
This book talks about internal, essential self-reflection.
๋ด์ค
naesil
main room (of the lady of the house)
์ฐ๋ฆฌ ์ด๋จธ๋๋ ํ๋ง ๋๋ฉด ๋ด์ค์ ๋ค์ด๊ฐ ํผ์๋ง์ ์๊ฐ์ ๋ณด๋ด์ ๋ค.
Whenever she has a spare moment, my mother goes into her room and spends time alone.
์ด๋ฒ ์ํ์ ๋ ๊ฑฐํ์ ๋นผ๊ณ ๊ท๋ชจ๋ฅผ ์ค์ฌ ๋ด์ค์ ๊ธฐํ๋ค.
This year's film festival cut the fluff, scaled down, and focused on real substance.
๋ด์
naejeok
internal
ํ์ฌ์ ๋ณด์ ์ ์ง๋ฅผ ์ํด์๋ ๋ด์ ๊ท์ ๋ฅผ ์ข ๋ ๊ฐํํด์ผ ํ๋ค.
To maintain the company's security, internal regulations need to be strengthened further.
์ด ์ง์ด ์ค๋๋ผ ๋ณด์ด์ง๋ง ๋ด์ ์ผ๋ก๋ ์์ฃผ ํผํผํ ์ง์ด๋ค.
This house looks old, but internally it's a very sturdy house.
๋ดํฅ์
naehyangjeok
introverted
์ฒญ๊ฒฐ์ ์ํด์๋ ๋ค๋ฅธ ๊ณต๊ฐ์ ๋๋ฌ์ธ์ธ ๋ดํฅ์ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๊ฐ ์ข๋ค.
For cleanliness, an inward-facing structure surrounded by other spaces is good.
๊ณค์ถฉ๋ค์ ๋ดํฅ์ ์ผ๋ก ์ง์ ์ค๊ณํด์ ์์ ๋ค์ ๋ณดํธํ๋ค.
Insects design their homes to face inward to protect themselves.
๋๋
naengdae
unkind treatment, cold shoulder
์ ๊ณผ์ ์ ๋ ฅ์ด ์๋ ๊ทธ๋ ํ์์ ๋๋ ์์์ ์ด์์ผ ํ๋ค.
Having a criminal record, he had to live his whole life amid cold treatment from others.
๋๋ ๊ธฐํ์ ๊ฐ๊น์ด ์ด ๋๋ผ๋ ๊ฒจ์ธ์ ์ถฅ๊ณ ์ฌ๋ฆ์ ๋ฐ๋ปํ๋ค.
This country, close to a subpolar climate, has cold winters and warm summers.
๋์ ํ๋ค
naengjeonghada
cold, callous, indifferent
์ธ๋๋ ์์ํ๊ณ ๋์ ํ ์ฑ๊ฒฉ ๋๋ฌธ์ ์ฌ๋๋ค์๊ฒ ์์ฒ๋ฅผ ์ ์ค๋ค.
My older sister often hurts people because of her cold, aloof personality.
์ง์๋ ์์ ์ ์๋ชป์ ๋ํด์ ๋์ ํ๊ฒ ํ๊ฐํ๊ณ ๋ฐ์ฑํ๋ค.
Jisu calmly evaluated and reflected on her own mistakes.
๋ท์งธ
netjjae
fourth (numeral)
๋๋ ์๋ค ๋ ๋ธ ๋์ธ ํ์ ๋ค ์ค์์ ๋ง๋ด์ธ ๋ท์งธ๋ก ํ์ด๋ฌ๋ค.
Among my siblings โ two sons and two daughters โ I was born the fourth, the youngest.
ํ ๋จธ๋๋ ๋ค์ฏ ๋ช
์ ๋ธ ์ค ๋ท์งธ ๋ธ๋ก ํ์ด๋์
จ๋ค.
My grandmother was born the fourth of five daughters.
์ด ์ํ๊ฐ ๋๋ฌด ์ฌ๋ฏธ์์ด์ ์ค๋๋ก ๋ท์งธ๋ ๋ณด์๋ค.
This movie is so much fun that today makes the fourth time I've watched it.
๋
nom
fellow, guy (informal, of a rival)
๋์ด ์ฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ์ง ์ซ๊ณ ์์ต๋๋ค.
That guy is right on our tail.
ํ ์๋ฒ์ง๋ ์์๊ฐ ์๋ ์ฒญ๋
๋ค์๊ฒ ๋ฒ๋ฅด์ฅ๋จธ๋ฆฌ ์๋ ๋์ด๋ผ๋ฉฐ ํ๋ฅผ ๋ด์
จ๋ค.
My grandfather got angry at the rude young men, calling them ill-mannered guys.
๋
nong
nong, joke, banter
์์ฃผ๋จธ๋๋ค์ด ๋ง์ ํ๊ด์ ๋ชจ์ฌ์ ๊ฐ๋ฒผ์ด ๋์ ์ฃผ๊ณ ๋ฐ์ผ๋ฉฐ ๊น๊น๊ฑฐ๋ ธ๋ค.
The women gathered at the village hall, cracking light jokes with each other and laughing.
๋ฐฉ ์์ ์๋ ๋์ ๊ฒจ์ธ์ท๋ค์ ์ ๋ฆฌํ์ฌ ์ง์ด๋ฃ์๋ค.
I sorted the winter clothes and put them away in the chest in my room.
๋ฅ๋ฅ ์
neungnyuljeok
being efficient
๋๋ ์์นจ์ ์ผ์ ํ๋ ๊ฒ์ด ๊ฐ์ฅ ๋ฅ๋ฅ ์ ์ด๋ผ๊ณ ์๊ฐํ๋ค.
I think working in the morning is the most efficient.
๊ทธ ๋ฒ๋ น์ ๊ธฐ์
๋ค์ ๋ฅ๋ฅ ์ ํ๋์ ์ ํํ์๋ค.
That law restricted companies' efficient activities.
๋ค
da
all, everything (noun)
์ด๊ฒ์ด ์ง๊ธ ๋ด๊ฐ ๊ฐ์ง ๋์ ๋ค์ด๋ค.
This is all the money I have right now.
๋ฏผ์ค์ ๋๋ฌด ๋ฐฐ๊ฐ ๊ณ ํ์ ๋ฐฅ์ ๋จ๊น์์ด ๋ค ๋จน์๋ค.
Minjun was so hungry that he ate all of his food, leaving nothing behind.
๋ค๊ฐ์
dagakjjeok
many-sided, multilateral (modifier)
์ฐ๋ฆฌ๋ ์ด์ ๋๋ผ๋ค๊ณผ ๋ฌธํ, ๊ด๊ด ๋ฑ ๋ค๊ฐ์ ์ธก๋ฉด์์ ๊ต๋ฅ๋ฅผ ํ๊ณ ์๋ค.
We are exchanging with neighboring countries in various fields such as culture and tourism.
๊ทธ๋ค์ ์ ๊ฑฐ๋ฅผ ์๋๊ณ ์ ๊ฑฐ ์ด๋ ์ ๋ต์ ๋ค๊ฐ์ ์ผ๋ก ๋
ผ์ํ๋ค.
Ahead of the election, they discussed their campaign strategy from multiple angles.
๋ค๋ฉด์
damyeonjeok
multifaceted (modifier)
๊ทธ ํ์ฌ๋ ๋ค๋ฉด์ ํจ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋ผ ์ ์๋ ์ฝ์ ๊ฐ๋ฐํ์ฌ ํฌ๊ฒ ์ฑ๊ณตํ์๋ค.
The company achieved great success by developing a drug with multifaceted effects.
๊ทธ ์์ฐ ๊ด๋ฆฌ์ฌ๋ ๊ฒฝ์ ์ํฉ์ ๋ค๋ฉด์ ์ผ๋ก ๋ถ์ํ์ฌ ๊ณ ๊ฐ์ ์์ฐ ์ด์ฉ์ ๋๋๋ค.
That financial advisor analyzes the economic situation from multiple angles to help clients manage their assets.
๋ค์ฏ์งธ
daseotjjae
fifth (numeral)
๋๋ ์ค ํ์ ๋ค ์ค์์ ๋ง๋ด์ธ ๋ค์ฏ์งธ๋ก ํ์ด๋ฌ๋ค.
I was born the fifth, the youngest among five siblings.
์ก ๋จ๋งค ์ค ๋ค์ฏ์งธ ๋์๋ง ํ๋ก ๋จ์์ด๋ค.
Among six siblings, only the fifth-born is a boy.
์ด๋ฒ ์ฃผ ๋ค์ด์๋ง ์ ์ฌ์ผ๋ก ๋ผ๋ฉด์ ๋ค์ฏ์งธ ๋จน๋๋ค.
This is the fifth time I've eaten ramyeon for lunch just this week.
๋ค์๋ก ์
dawollonjeok
pluralistic (modifier)
์ฐ๋ฆฌ ์ฌํ๋ ์ ๊ทน๋จ์ ๋๋ฆฝ์์ ๋ฒ์ด๋ ๋ค์๋ก ์ ์ฌ๊ณ ๋ฅผ ํ์๋ก ํ๋ค.
Our society needs pluralistic thinking that moves away from confrontation between two extremes.
๊ทธ ์กฐ๊ฐ๊ฐ๋ ๊ณ ์ ๊ด๋
์ ๋ฐ์ด๋๋ ์คํ ์ ์ ๊ณผ ์ธ๊ณ์ ๋ํ ๋ค์๋ก ์ ์ธ ์๊ฐ์ผ๋ก ๋ง์ ์ฐฝ์กฐ์ ์ธ ์ํ์ ๋ง๋ค์๋ค.
That sculptor created many creative works with an experimental spirit that transcended stereotypes and a pluralistic view of the world.
๋จ๊ณ์
dangyejeok
phased, gradual (modifier)
์ฐ๋ฆฌ ๊ณต์ฅ์์๋ ์ ํด ๋์ ๋จ๊ณ์ ๊ณต์ ์ ๋ฐ๋ผ ์ํ์ ์ ์กฐํ๋ค.
Our factory manufactures products following a set phased process.
์ด๋์ด ์ํฌ๋ฅธ ์ง์๋ ์ด๋๋์ ๋งค์ผ ์กฐ๊ธ์ฉ ๋จ๊ณ์ ์ผ๋ก ๋๋ ค ๊ฐ๋ค.
Jisu, who wasn't skilled at exercise, gradually increased her exercise amount little by little every day.
๋จ๊ธฐ์
dangijeok
short-term (modifier)
์ฐ๋ฆฌ ํ์ฌ์ ๋จ๊ธฐ์ ๋ชฉํ๋ ์ฌํด ๋งค์ถ์ ๋ ๋ฐฐ๋ก ๋์ด์ฌ๋ฆฌ๋ ๊ฒ์ด๋ค.
Our company's short-term goal is to double sales this year.
์ฐ๋ฆฌ ํ์ฌ๋ ๊ทธ๋์ ๋จ๊ธฐ์ ์ธ ์ด์ต๋ง์ ์ถ๊ตฌํ๋๋ผ ์ฅ๊ธฐ์ ์ฑ์ฅ์ ์ํ ํฌ์์๋ ์ํํ๋ค.
Our company has neglected investment for long-term growth while only pursuing short-term profits.
๋จ๋ฉด์
danmyeonjeok
fragmentary (modifier)
์ฐ๋ฆฌ๋ ๋ณด๋ ์ฐ์์ธ์ ํ๋ คํจ์ ๋จ๋ฉด์ ๋ชจ์ต์ ๋ถ๊ณผํ๋ค.
The glamour of celebrities that we see is nothing more than a fragmentary image.
๊ทธ ๋ฐฉ์ก์ฌ๋ ์ด๋ฒ ํ์ฌ์์ ์๋ ๋ถ๋ถ๋ง ๋จ๋ฉด์ ์ผ๋ก ๋ณด๋ํ๋ค.
That broadcaster reported only the successful parts of the event in a one-sided way.
์ง์ก๋ฉด์ฒด์์๋ ํ ๋ฉด๊ณผ ํํ์ผ๋ก ์๋ฅธ ๋จ๋ฉด์ ์ ์ด๋๋ ๋์ด๊ฐ ๊ฐ๋ค.
In a rectangular cuboid, the cross-sectional area cut parallel to one face is the same everywhere.
๋จ์ ์
danseonjeok
linear, simplistic (modifier)
๊ทธ ์ฐ๊ทน์ ๋จ์ ์ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ก ์ด๋ฃจ์ด์ ธ ์์ด์ ์ง๋ฃจํ ๋๋์ด ์กฐ๊ธ ์๋ค.
The play has a linear structure, so it feels a bit boring.
๋ณต์กํ ๋ฌธ์ ๋ฅผ ๋จ์ ์ ์ผ๋ก๋ง ๋ณด๋ฉด ์ ๋๋ก ์ฒ๋ฆฌํ ์๊ฐ ์๋ค.
If you look at a complex problem only in a simplistic way, you can't handle it properly.
๋จ์
dansin
being alone
๋๋ ๋ฑํ ๋ถ์ํ ๊ฐ์กฑ์ด ์๋ ๋จ์ ์ด๋ค.
I am alone, with no family in particular to support.
์ง์๋ ๋จ์ ์ธ ๋ฐ๋ค๊ฐ ์ผ๊ตด๋ ๋์์ด์ด์ ์ค์ ๋์ด๋ณด๋ค ๋ฌด์ฒ ์ด๋ ค ๋ณด์๋ค.
Jisu was short in stature and also had a baby face, so she looked much younger than her actual age.
์ ๋ฌธ ํ์ชฝ ๊ตฌ์์ ์ค๋์ ๋จ์ ๊ธฐ์ฌ๊ฐ ์งค๋งํ๊ฒ ์ค๋ ค ์์๋ค.
A short news brief was printed in one corner of the newspaper.
๋จ์
danjeok
straightforward, point-blank (modifier)
๊ทธ ๊ฐ์ฌ๋ ๋ช ๊ฐ์ง ๋จ์ ์ฌ๋ก๋ฅผ ๋ค์ด ๋ํ ๊ต์ก์ ๋ฌธ์ ์ ์ ์ง์ ํ๋ค.
The instructor pointed out the problems of university education by giving a few straightforward examples.
๊ทธ๋ ๊ทธ๋์์ ํ๋์ ํตํด ๋์ ๋ํ ์ฌ๋์ ๋จ์ ์ผ๋ก ๋ณด์ฌ์ฃผ์๋ค.
Through his actions all along, he clearly showed his love for me.
๋จ์ ์
danjeongjeok
conclusive, definite (modifier)
ํ์ฌ๋ ํ์คํ ์ฆ๊ฑฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ๊ฒฌํ๊ณ ๊ทธ ์ฉ์์๊ฐ ๋ฒ์ธ์ด๋ผ๋ ๋จ์ ์ ๊ฒฐ๋ก ์ ๋ด๋์๋ค.
After finding solid evidence, the detective made a definite conclusion that the suspect was the culprit.
์ ๋ฏผ์ด๋ ๋ฏผ์ค์ด๊ฐ ์ด๋ฒ ์ผ์ ๋ง์น ๊ฒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ ๋จ์ ์ ์ผ๋ก ๊ฒฐ๋ก ์ง์๋ค.
Yumin definitively concluded that Minjun would ruin this matter.
๋จํธ
danpyeon
fragment, fraction
์ ๋ฒฝํ์ ๋จํธ์ ๋ณด๋ ๊ฒ๋ง์ผ๋ก๋ ๊ทธ ์๋์ ๋ชจ์ต์ ์กฐ๊ธ์ด๋๋ง ์ ์ ์๋ค.
Just by looking at a fragment of the old mural, you can get a small glimpse of that era.
๋๋ ์งง์ ์๊ฐ์ ๋ค ์ฝ์ ์ ์๋ ๋จํธ์ ์ข์ํ๋ค.
I like short stories that I can finish reading in a short time.
๋จํธ์
danpyeonjeok
being fragmentary
์ง์๋ ๊ทธ ์ฌ๊ฑด์ ๋จํธ์ ์ธ ์ฅ๋ฉด๋ค๋ง ๊ธฐ์ตํ๊ณ ์์๋ค.
Jisu only remembered fragmentary scenes of the incident.
๋จ์ํ ์์์ ์ดฌ์ํ๋ ๊ฒ์ ๋จํธ์ ๊ธฐ๋ก์ ๋ถ๊ณผํ๋ค.
Simply filming a video is nothing more than a fragmentary record.
๋ฌ๋
dallang
feebly, lightly dangling
๋๋ญ๊ฐ์ง์๋ ์์ฌ๊ท ๋ช ๊ฐ๋ง์ด ๋ฌ๋ ๋งค๋ฌ๋ ค ์์๋ค.
Only a few leaves were dangling lightly from the branch.
์ง์ ๊ฐ๋ฐฉ ์์๋ ํํต๋ง ํ๋ ๋ฌ๋ ๋ค์ด ์์๋ค.
Jisu's bag had only a single pencil case in it.
๋๊ฑฐ
daegeo
in great numbers (adverb)
์ธ๊ธฐ ์ฐ์์ธ๋ค์ด ๋๊ฑฐ ์ถ์ฐํ ์ด๋ฒ ๊ณต์ฐ์ ๊ด๊ฐ๋ค์ด ๋ง์ด ๋ชฐ๋ ธ๋ค.
A large crowd flocked to this performance, in which popular celebrities appeared in great numbers.
๋ช
์ ์ด ๋๋ฉด ์ฌ๋๋ค์ด ๋๊ฑฐ๋ก ๊ณ ํฅ์ ์ฐพ๋๋ค.
During the holidays, people visit their hometowns in great numbers.
๋๋ด
daedam
boldness, daring
๊น ์ฌ์ฅ์ ๊ฒฝ์ ์ฒ ํ์ ๋ฌผ๋ฌ์์ง ์๋ ์ฉ๊ธฐ์ ๋๋ด์ด๋ค.
President Kim's management philosophy is unwavering courage and boldness.
์ด๋ฒ ์ ์ํ์ ์๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ๊น ๊ต์์์ ๋๋ด์ ํตํด ์์๋ณด๊ฒ ์ต๋๋ค.
We will find out the meaning of this exhibition through a conversation with Professor Kim.
๋๋ดํ๋ค
daedamhada
brave, bold
์๋ด๋ ํ์ฅ๋ ์์์๋ ์ ํ ๊ธฐ์ฃฝ์ง ์๊ณ ํ ๋ง์ ๋ค ํ๋ ๋๋ดํ ์ฌ์์ด๋ค.
My wife is a bold woman who says everything she wants to say without being intimidated, even in front of the chairman.
๊ธฐ์๋ ๊ต์ก ์ ๋ฌธ๊ฐ๋ค๊ณผ ์ฐ๋ฆฌ ๊ต์ก์ด ์์ผ๋ก ๋์๊ฐ์ผ ํ ๋ฐฉํฅ์ ๋ํด ๋๋ดํ๋ค.
The reporter discussed with education experts the direction our education should take in the future.
๋๋์
daedaejeok
big, extensive, large-scale (modifier)
์ฃผ๋ฏผ๋ค์ ์ํํธ ์ฃผ๋ณ ์ฐ๋ ๊ธฐ ์๊ฐ์ฅ ์ค์น์ ๋ฐ๋ํ๋ ๋๋์ ์์๋ฅผ ๋ฒ์๋ค.
Residents staged a large-scale protest against the installation of a garbage incinerator near the apartments.
์๋ก ์ถ๊ฐ๋ ๊น ์๊ฐ์ ์์ค์ ์ก์ง ๊ธฐ์ฌ์ ์ ๋ฌธ์ ํตํด ๋๋์ ์ผ๋ก ํ๋ณด๋์๋ค.
Writer Kim's newly published novel was extensively promoted through magazine articles and newspapers.
๋๋ต์
daeryakjjeok
outline, summary (noun)
์น๊ตฌ๋ ๋์๊ฒ ์ฌํ์ง์ ๊ดํ ์ ๋ณด๋ฅผ ๋๋ต์ ์ผ๋ก ์ ํด ์ฃผ์๋ค.
My friend gave me a general outline of information about the travel destination.
์น๊ตฌ๋ ๋์๊ฒ ๊ทธ๋์ ์์ ์๊ฒ ์ผ์ด๋ ์ผ์ ๋ํด ๋๋ต์ ์ด์ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํด ์ฃผ์๋ค.
My friend gave me a general account of what had happened to him.
๋๋ฆฝ์
daeripjjeok
confrontational, opposing (modifier)
์ด ์ํ์ ๋๋ฆฝ์ ์ธ๋ฌผ์ ์ค์ ํ์ฌ ๊ฐ๋ฑ์ ์ ๊ฐํ๊ณ ์๋ค.
This work develops conflict by setting up opposing characters.
์ ๊ณผ ์
์ ์ง๊ธ๊น์ง ๋๋ฆฝ์ ์ผ๋ก ๋ณด์ ์จ ๊ฐ๋
์ด๋ค.
Good and evil are concepts that have been viewed as opposing until now.
๋์
daesu
big deal, something important
ํ๊ต๋ฅผ ์ฐ์ต๊ฒ ์๋ ์ ๊ฐ ์ ์๋์ด๋ผ๊ณ ๋์๋ก ์๊ฐํ๊ฒ ๋?
Do you think a kid who looks down on school would think of a teacher as a big deal?
ํญ๊ณต์ฌ๋ ์น๊ฐ๋ค์ด ๊ณ์ ์ฆ๊ฐํ์ ๋นํ๊ธฐ ๋์๋ฅผ ๋๋ ธ๋ค.
As passengers kept increasing, the airline increased the number of aircraft.
๋์ฟ
daeyeot
about five or six (numeral)
์ฅ์ ๋์ฟ์ด ๋ชจ์ด์ ๋ถ์๊ธฐ๊ฐ ์๋๋ฒ
์ ํด์ก๋ค.
When about five or six young men gathered, the atmosphere became noisy.
๋๋ ์์ฃผ๋ฅผ ๋์ฟ ์ ๋ง์๊ณ ์ทจํด ๋ฒ๋ ธ๋ค.
I got drunk after drinking about five or six glasses of soju.
๋์นญ์
daechingjeok
symmetrical (modifier)
๋์นญ์ ๊ด๊ณ๋ฅผ ์ด๋ฃจ๋ ๋ ์ฌ๋ฌผ์ ์๋ก ๋ฐ๊ฟ ๋ฃ์ด๋ ๊ทธ ๋ชจ์์ด ๊ฐ๋ค.
Two objects in a symmetrical relationship look the same even when swapped.
์ด ์ ์ ์ฃผ์ ๊ฑด๋ฌผ๋ค์ ๋์นญ์ ์ธ ํ๋ฉด์ ์ด๋ฃจ๊ณ ์๋ค.
The main buildings of this temple form a symmetrical layout.
๋ํ์
daepyojeok
representative, typical (modifier)
์๋์ฐจ๋ ๊ธ์ธ๊ธฐ์ ๋ํ์ ๋ฐ๋ช
ํ์ด๋ค.
The automobile is a representative invention of this century.
๋ถํ์ ์ฟ ๋ฐ์ ํจ๊ป ๋ํ์ ์ธ ํ์ ๊ตญ๊ฐ๋ก ๊ผฝํ๋ค.
North Korea, along with Cuba, is counted as a representative closed country.
๋๋ํ๋ค
dodohada
haughty
์ฐ์ํ๋ฉด์๋ ๋๋ํด ๋ณด์ด๋ ์ง์์ ์ธ๋ชจ๋ ๋ฌด์ฒ ๋งค๋ ฅ์ ์ด์๋ค.
Jisu's elegant yet haughty appearance was very charming.
์ด ๊ณ๊ณก์ ๋ฌผ์ด์ด ๋๋ํด ์์์ ํ๋ฉฐ ๋๊ธฐ์๋ ์ํํด ๋ณด์๋ค.
This valley's current flows so powerfully that it looked dangerous to swim in.
๋๋ํ
dodohi
haughtily, arrogantly
์ฌ๋๋ค ์์์ ๊ทธ๋ ๊ฒ ๋๋ํ ๊ตด์ง ๋ง์๋ผ.
Don't act so haughtily in front of people.
๋๋ํ ํ๋ฅด๋ ๋ฌผ์ค๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋ ๋ง์์ด ํ ํธ์ด๋ ๋ฏํ๋ค.
Watching the powerfully flowing stream made me feel refreshed.
๋
๋จ์
dokttanjeok
arbitrary; dogmatic
๊ทธ๋ ์์ ์ ๋์ ์ง์๋ฅผ ์ด์ฉํ์ฌ ๋
๋จ์ ๊ฒฐ์ ์ ์ผ์ผ์๋ค.
He used his high position to habitually make arbitrary decisions.
์ค๋์ฅ์ ๋ถ๋๋ฅผ ์์ ๋ง์ ํ๋จ์ ๋ฐ๋ผ ๋
๋จ์ ์ผ๋ก ์ด์ํ๋ ค ํ๋ค.
The company commander tried to run the unit arbitrarily according to his own judgment alone.
๋
๋ฆฝ์
dongnipjjeok
independent
๋๋ ๋ด ์ธ์์ ์ฃผ์ฒด์ ์ผ๋ก ์ด์์ผ ํ ๋
๋ฆฝ์ ๊ฐ์ฒด์ด๋ค.
I am an independent individual who must live my own life on my own terms.
๋๋ ๋ค๋ฅธ ์ฌ๋์ ๋ฐฉํด๋ฅผ ๋ฐ์ง ์๊ณ ๋
๋ฆฝ์ ์ผ๋ก ์ํํ๋ ๊ฒ์ ์ข์ํ๋ค.
I like living independently, without being interfered with by others.
๋
์ ์
doksseonjeok
self-righteousness
๋ํ์ ๋
๋จ์ , ๋
์ ์ ์ผ๋ก ์ด์ํ๋ ์ด์ฅ์ด ๊ฒฐ๊ตญ ํด์๋์๋ค.
The president who ran the university in an arbitrary, self-righteous way was eventually dismissed.
์ง์๋ ๋ค๋ฅธ ์ฌ๋๋ค์ ๋ฐ๋์๋ ์์ ์ ์ฃผ์ฅ์ด ์ณ๋ค๋ฉฐ ๋
์ ์ ํ๋๋ก ์ผ๊ดํ๋ค.
Despite others' opposition, Jisu kept up a self-righteous attitude, insisting her own claim was correct.
๋์
dongjeok
dynamic
ํ์ถค์ด๋ ๋์
๋์ด๋ ํฅ๊ฒจ์ด ๋์ ์์ง์์ด ๋ง์ ํ๊ตญ์ ์ ํต ๋์ด์ด๋ค.
Mask dance and nongak (farmers' music) are traditional Korean games with a lot of lively, dynamic movement.
์ด๋ฆฐ ์๋๋ค์ ์๊ฐ์ด ํ๋ คํ๊ณ ์์ง์์ด ๋ง์ ๋์ ์ธ ์ฅ๋๊ฐ์ ์ข์ํ๋ ๊ฒฝํฅ์ด ์๋ค.
Young children tend to like dynamic toys that are colorful and have a lot of movement.
๋์งธ
duljjae
second (numeral)
๋ ์จ๊ฐ ๋์ ๋ฐ๋ค ๊ตฌ๊ฒฝ์ ๋์งธ๊ณ ๋ฌผ์ ํ๋ฉ ๋ฐ์ด๋ค๊ณ ์ถ์๋ค.
It was so hot that sightseeing at the beach came second โ I just wanted to jump into the water.
์๋ฒ์ง๋ ์ฐ๋ฆฌ ์ผ ํ์ ์ค์์ ๋์งธ ์๋ค์ ๊ฐ์ฅ ๋ฏฟ์ผ์ ๋ค.
Among us three brothers, my father trusts the second son the most.
์ฐ๋ฆฌ ํฐ๋ฉฐ๋๋ฆฌ๋ ๋ฒ์จ ์์ด๋ฅผ ๋์งธ ๋ณ์๋ค.
Our eldest daughter-in-law has already given birth to her second child.
๋ง๋งํ๋ค
manmanhada
easy (to handle)
์๋ก์ด ์ ๋์ ๋์
์ ๋ํ ์๋ฏผ๋ค์ ๋ฐ๋ฐ์ด ๋ง๋งํ์ง ์๋ค.
Citizens' backlash against the introduction of the new system is not easy to handle.
์ด์กฐํดํ๋ ๋์ ๋ฌ๋ฆฌ ์๋๋ฐฉ์ ์์ ๊ฐ์ด ๋ง๋งํ ํ๋๋ก ์ํฉ์ ์ํ๋ค.
Unlike me, who was anxious, my opponent faced the match with a generously confident attitude.
๋ง์ฑ์
manseongjeok
chronic
๋๋ก์ ํ์ฅ ๊ณต์ฌ๊ฐ ๋๋๋ฉด ๋ง์ฑ์ ๊ตํต ์ฒด์ฆ์ด ํด์๋ ๊ฒ์ด๋ค.
Once the road-widening construction is finished, the chronic traffic congestion will be resolved.
์ด ๊ธธ์ ์ถํด๊ทผ ์๊ฐ์ ๋ง์ฑ์ ์ธ ๋ณ๋ชฉ ํ์์ ๋ณด์ด๋ ๊ณณ์ด๋ค.
This road is a place where a chronic bottleneck occurs during commuting hours.
๋ง๋ฅ๋ง๋ฅํ๋ค
malttongmalttonghada
to stare with eyes wide open
์์ด๋ ๋์ ๋ง๋ฅ๋ง๋ฅํ๊ฒ ๋จ๊ณ ์๋ง์๊ฒ ๋๋ค์๋ค.
The child stared wide-eyed and talked back to her mother.
์์ด๋ค์ ๋ง๋ฅ๋ง๋ฅํ ๋์ผ๋ก ์ ์๋์ ์ฒซ์ฌ๋ ์ด์ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ค์๋ค.
The children listened to the teacher's first-love story with bright, wide-awake eyes.
๋งคํน์
maehokjjeok
captivating; fascinating
๊ทธ ํ๊ฐ์ ์ํ๋ค์ ๋งคํน์ ๋ถ์๊ธฐ๊ฐ ์์ด์ ํญ์ ์์์ ์ด์ํ๋ ๊ณ ๊ฐ์ ํ๋ฆฐ๋ค.
That painter's works have a captivating atmosphere, so they always sell for prices beyond imagination.
์ง์๋ ๋จ์ ์น๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๋ง๋๋ฌ ๋๊ฐ ๋๋ฉด ๋งคํน์ ์ธ ํฅ๊ธฐ๊ฐ ๋๋ ํฅ์๋ฅผ ๋ฟ๋ ธ๋ค.
Whenever Jisu went out to meet her boyfriend, she wore perfume with a captivating scent.
๋งน๋งนํ๋ค
maengmaenghada
bland; insipid
๊ทธ ์๋ฃ๋ ๋ฌ์ง ์๊ณ ๋งน๋งนํ ๋ง์ด ๋ฌ๋ค.
The drink wasn't sweet and tasted bland.
์ฌ์ ์๋์ด์๋ ๋งน๋งนํ ๋น์์ ๋๋ค.
The female announcer had a stuffy, nasal voice.
๋งน๋ชฉ์
maengmokjjeok
blind; unconditional
์๋ฏผ์ง๊ฐ ๋๋ฉด ๋งน๋ชฉ์ ๋ณต์ข
์ ๊ฐ์๋ฐ๊ฒ ๋๋ค.
Once a country becomes a colony, it is forced into blind obedience.
์ฌ๋ํ๋ ๋์์ ๋ํด์๋ ๋ชจ๋ ๊ฒ์ด ์ข๊ฒ ์ฌ๊ฒจ์ ธ์ ์ด์ฑ์ ์๊ณ ๋งน๋ชฉ์ ์ผ๋ก ๋น ์ ธ๋ค ์๋ ์๋ค.
When it comes to someone you love, everything can seem good, so you may lose your reason and become blindly absorbed.
๋ฉ๋ค
meolda
far; distant
๋ ์ฌ๋์ ๋ฉ๊ฒ ๋จ์ด์ ธ์ ๊ณต์ ์ฃผ๊ณ ๋ฐ์ผ๋ฉฐ ๋๊ณ ์์๋ค.
The two of them were playing catch, standing far apart from each other.
์๋ฒ์ง๋ ์ฌ๊ณ ๋ก ๋์ด ๋ฉ์ด ์์ด ๋ณด์ด์ง ์๋๋ค.
My father went blind from an accident and cannot see.
๋ช
์์
myeongsangjeok
meditative
๋
์๋ค์ ์ด ์ฑ
์ ํตํด ๋ช
์์ ์งํ๋ฅผ ๊นจ๋ซ๊ฒ ๋์๋ค.
Through this book, readers came to realize meditative wisdom.
๊ทธ ์น๊ตฌ์ ์์
์ ์์ฃผ ์ธ์์ ์ด๋ฉฐ ๋ช
์์ ์ผ๋ก ๋ค๋ฆฐ๋ค.
That friend's music sounds very impressive and meditative.
๋ช
์์
myeongsijeok
being stated clearly
๋ฏธ์ฑ๋
์๊ฐ ๊ฒฐํผ์ ํ ๋์๋ ๋ถ๋ชจ๋์ ๋ช
์์ ์ธ ๋์๊ฐ ํ์ํ๋ค.
When a minor gets married, the explicit consent of their parents is required.
์ด ๋ด์ฉ์ ๋ํด์๋ ๊ณ์ฝ์์ ๋ช
์์ ์ธ๊ธ์ด ์์๋ค.
There was no explicit mention of this matter in the contract.
๋ชจ์์
mosunjeok
being contradictory
์ข์ ํ์ง์ ์ ํ์ ์ธ๊ฒ ํ๋ค๋ ๊ฒ์ ๋ชจ์์ ์ธ ๋ง์ด๋ค.
Saying you sell high-quality products cheaply is a contradictory statement.
๊ทธ๋ ๋ฏผ์ฃผ์ฃผ์ ๊ตญ๊ฐ๋ผ๋ ๋ช
๋ชฉ ์์ ์กด์ฌํ๋ ๊ณ๊ธ์ ๋ชจ์์ ๊ตฌ์กฐ์ ๋ํด ๋น๋ํ๋ค.
He criticized the contradictory class structure that exists under the pretense of being a democratic nation.
๋ชจ์์
moyokjjeok
insulting
์ ๋ฏผ์ ์์ ์ ๋ณด๊ณ ๋ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๋ ์ฒํ๋ ๊ทธ์ ๋ชจ์์ ํ๋์ ํ๊ฐ ๋ฌ๋ค.
Yumin was angry at his insulting behavior of pretending not to know her even though he saw her.
๋ฏผ์ค์ ์์ ์๊ฒ ๋ชจ์์ ์ธ ์์ค์ ํผ๋ถ๋ ๊น ์จ์ ๋ง์ ๋ฌด์ํ๋ค.
Minjun ignored Mr. Kim's words as he hurled insulting curses at him.
๋ชจํ์
moheomjeok
adventurous
ํ์ ์๋์ฐจ ๊ฒฝ์ฃผ๋ ์ฌ๋ฅ ๊ฐ์ ๋ชจํ์ ์คํฌ์ธ ๋ฅผ ์ฆ๊ธด๋ค.
My older brother enjoys adventurous sports like car racing or hunting.
๋ชจํ์ ์ด๊ณ ๋์ ์ ์ธ ์ฌ๋์ ์๋ก์ด ์ผ์ ์์ํ๋ ๊ฒ์ ๋๋ ค์ํ์ง ์๋๋ค.
An adventurous and daring person is not afraid to start something new.
๋ชฉ๊ฐ์
mokkkajeok
pastoral
์ด ์๋ ์ฐ๊ณจ ๋ง์์ ๋ชฉ๊ฐ์ ๋ถ์๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์ฌ์ธํ ์์ด๋ก ์ ๊ทธ๋ ค๋ธ ์ํ์ด๋ค.
This poem is a work that vividly depicts the pastoral atmosphere of a mountain village with delicate poetic language.
๋์ด ํ๊ฒฝ์ ๋ฐ์ ๋์ฌ์ผ์ ์ ์ธํ๋ฉด ์ ์ ์ด๊ณ ๋ชฉ๊ฐ์ ์ผ๋ก ๋ณด์ธ๋ค.
Aside from the busy farm work, the rural scenery looks quiet and pastoral.
๋ชฐ๊ฐ์ฑ์
molgaeseongjeok
depersonalized
์์ค์์ ์ธ๋ฌผ๋ค์ ๊ฐ์ฑ์ ๊ฐ์ง ์ธ๊ฒฉ์ฒด๊ฐ ์๋ ๋ชฐ๊ฐ์ฑ์ ๋ฌด๋ฆฌ๋ก ๋ค๋ค์ง๊ณ ์๋ค.
In the novel, the characters are treated as a depersonalized crowd rather than individuals with distinct personalities.
์ ํ์ ๋ฐ๋ฅด๊ธฐ ์ํด ๋๊ฐ์ ์ท์ ๋๊ฐ์ ๊ฐ๋ฐฉ์ ๋ฉ ํ์๋ค์ ๋ชฐ๊ฐ์ฑ์ ์ผ๋ก ๋ณด์๋ค.
The students, wearing the same clothes and carrying the same bags to follow the trend, looked completely lacking in individuality.
๋ชฝํ์
monghwanjeok
dreamlike; dreamy
์ฌ์ง ์์ ๊ทธ๋
๋ ์์ํ๋ฉด์๋ ์์ผํด ๋ณด์ด๋ ๋ชฝํ์ ๋งค๋ ฅ์ ๋ฐ์ฐํ๊ณ ์์๋ค.
In the photo, she was radiating a dreamlike charm that looked both pure and alluring.
์ด ๊ทธ๋ฆผ์ ์ฒ์ ๋ชจ์ต์ ๋ชฝํ์ ์ผ๋ก ์ ๋น๋กญ๊ฒ ํํํ๋ค.
This painting expresses the appearance of the forest in a dreamlike and mysterious way.
๋ฌด๊ณ ํ๋ค
mugohada
trouble-free
๋๋ ๋น๋ก ์ฌ์ฐ์ด ๋ง์ ๊ฒ์ ์๋์ง๋ง ์ง์์ด ๋ฌด๊ณ ํ ๊ฒ๋ง์ผ๋ก๋ ๋คํ์ด๋ผ ์๊ฐํ๋ค.
Although I didn't have much wealth, I thought it was fortunate enough that my family was living peacefully without trouble.
๊ทธ ํ์ด์ ๋ฌด๊ณ ํ ๋ฐฑ์ฑ๋ค๊น์ง ๋ชจ์กฐ๋ฆฌ ์ฃฝ์ฌ ๋ฒ๋ฆฐ ๋์ฐํ ์ฌ๊ฑด์ด์๋ค.
That massacre was a terrible incident that killed even innocent civilians without exception.
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