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Korean vocabulary โ€” Society & Concepts

300 words from the "Society & Concepts" theme, with romanization, meaning, and example sentences where available.

๊ฐ€๋‚œ

ganan
poverty
๊ฐ€๋‚œํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ธฐ๋ถ€ํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
I donated for the poor people.
๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ฐ€๋‚œํ•œ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์—์„œ ์ž๋ž๋‹ค.
He grew up in a poor environment.
๊ฐ€๋‚œ์„ ํƒˆ์ถœํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์ฐพ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค.
I'm looking for a way to escape poverty.

๊ฐ€๋Šฅ

ganeung
possibility, potentiality
๊ทธ๋Š” ๋งŽ์€ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค.
He has a lot of potential.
๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ๊ณผ ํ•œ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๋ชจ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค.
It has both possibilities and limitations.
๊ทธ๋Š” ์ž์‹ ์˜ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์„ ๋ฏฟ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค.
He believes in his own potential.

๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ

ganeungseong
possibility
๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด๋‹ค.
It's a possibility.
๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ๊ณผ ๋ถˆ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์˜ ์‚ฌ์ด์— ์žˆ๋‹ค.
It's between possibility and impossibility.
๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ๊ณผ ์œ„ํ—˜์„ ๋ชจ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค.
It has both possibilities and risks.

๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๋‹ค

ganeunghada
to be possible
๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๋‹ค.
It's possible.
๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•œ๋‹ค.
I think it's possible.
๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ณ  ๋ถˆ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๋‹ค.
It may be possible or impossible.

๊ฐ€๋ฆฌ๋‹ค

garida
to distinguish
๊ฐ€๋ฆฌ๋‹ค
to distinguish
์ฐธ๊ณผ ๊ฑฐ์ง“์„ ๊ฐ€๋ฆฌ๋‹ค
to distinguish between truth and falsehood
์˜ณ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋ฆ„์„ ๊ฐ€๋ฆฌ๋‹ค
to distinguish between right and wrong

๊ฐ€์ƒ

gasang
virtual
๊ฐ€์ƒํ˜„์‹ค
virtual reality
๊ฐ€์ƒ๊ณ„์ขŒ
virtual account
๊ฐ€์ƒํ™”ํ
virtual currency

๊ฐ€์ž…

gaip
entry
ํšŒ์› ๊ฐ€์ž…์„ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
I need to sign up for membership.
๊ฐ€์ž… ํ›„์— ํ˜œํƒ์„ ๋ฐ›์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
You can receive benefits after joining.
๊ฐ€์ž… ์ ˆ์ฐจ๋Š” ๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
The registration process is simple.

๊ฐ€์น˜

gachi
value
๊ฐ€์น˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ฐพ์•„์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
I need to find something of value.
๊ฐ€์น˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ถ์„ ์‚ด๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
I want to live a life of value.
๊ฐ€์น˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๋งบ์–ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
I need to build valuable relationships.

๊ฐ„๊ฒฉ

gangyeok
interval
๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ฐ„๊ฒฉ์„ ์ง€ํ‚ค๋ฉฐ ํ–‰์ง„์„ ํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
They marched, keeping an interval.
๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ฐ„๊ฒฉ์„ ๋‘๊ณ  ์ผํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
He worked at intervals.
๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ฐ„๊ฒฉ์„ ์ง€ํ‚ค๋ฉฐ ๋งํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
They spoke at intervals.

๊ฐ„์ ‘์ 

ganjeopjjeok
being indirect
๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ฐ„์ ‘์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ทธ๋…€์—๊ฒŒ ๋งํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
He told her indirectly.
๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ฐ„์ ‘์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ทธ๋…€๋ฅผ ์ดํ•ดํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
He understood her indirectly.
๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ฐ„์ ‘์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ทธ๋…€์™€ ์†Œํ†ตํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
He communicated with her indirectly.

๊ฐˆ๋“ฑ

galtteung
conflict
๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ฐˆ๋“ฑ์„ ๊ฒช์—ˆ๋‹ค.
They experienced conflict.
๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ฐˆ๋“ฑ์„ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
They resolved the conflict.
๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ฐˆ๋“ฑ์„ ํ”ผํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
They avoided conflict.

๊ฐ์†Œ

gamso
reduction
๊ฐ์†Œ๋œ ๋น„์šฉ์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ์ˆ˜์ต์ด ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
The reduced cost led to increased profits
๊ฐ์†Œ๋œ ๋ฌผ๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์ œ๋ฅผ ์•ˆ์ •์‹œํ‚ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
The reduced prices stabilize the economy
๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ฐ์†Œ๋œ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ์ŠคํŠธ๋ ˆ์Šค๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
He was stressed due to the reduced time

๊ฐ•์กฐ

gangjo
emphasis
๊ฐ•์กฐ๋ฅผ ์ž˜ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค
We should emphasize well
๊ทธ ๊ต์ˆ˜๋Š” ๊ฐ•์กฐ๋ฅผ ์ž˜ํ•œ๋‹ค
The professor emphasizes well
๊ฐ•์กฐ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค
Through emphasis, we can know what's important

๊ฐœ๋ง‰์‹

gaemakssik
opening ceremony
๊ฐœ๋ง‰์‹์€ ์˜ค๋Š˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
The opening ceremony is today
๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ฐœ๋ง‰์‹์— ์ฐธ์„ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
He attended the opening ceremony
๊ฐœ๋ง‰์‹์€ ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ๋Œ์–ด๋“ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
The opening ceremony attracts many people

๊ฐœ๋ฐฉ

gaebang
opening, opening to the public
๋ฐ•๋ฌผ๊ด€์˜ ๊ฐœ๋ฐฉ์€ ์˜ค์ „ 9์‹œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
The museum opens at 9 am
๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ทธ์˜ ๋งˆ์Œ์„ ๊ฐœ๋ฐฉํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
He opened up his mind
๊ฐœ๋ฐฉ์€ ์ค‘์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
Opening is important

๊ฐœ๋ฐฉ์ 

gaebangjeok
being open
๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ฐœ๋ฐฉ์ ์ธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
He is an open person
๊ฐœ๋ฐฉ์  ์ธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ๋” ํ–‰๋ณตํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
Open people are happier
๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ฐœ๋ฐฉ์ ์ธ ๋งˆ์Œ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
He has an open mind

๊ฐœ์„ 

gaeseon
improvement
๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ทธ์˜ ์‹ค๋ ฅ์„ ๊ฐœ์„ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
He improved his skills
๊ฐœ์„ ์€ ์ค‘์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
Improvement is important
๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ทธ์˜ ์„ฑ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๊ฐœ์„ ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
He worked to improve his performance

๊ฐœ์„ฑ

gaeseong
individuality
๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ฐ•ํ•œ ๊ฐœ์„ฑ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
He has a strong personality
๊ฐœ์„ฑ์€ ์ค‘์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
Individuality is important
๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ทธ์˜ ๊ฐœ์„ฑ์„ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
He expressed his individuality

๊ฐœ์„ฑ์ 

gaeseongjeok
being characteristic
๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ฐœ์„ฑ์ ์ธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
He is a characteristic person
๊ฐœ์„ฑ์ ์ธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ๋” ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กญ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
Characteristic people are more interesting
๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ทธ์˜ ๊ฐœ์„ฑ์ ์ธ ์Šคํƒ€์ผ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
He has his own characteristic style

๊ฐœ์ธ์ 

gaeinjeok
being personal
๊ทธ๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ ๊ฐœ์ธ์ ์ธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด๋‹ค.
He is a very personal person.
๊ฐœ์ธ์ ์ธ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์€ ํ”ผํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
Avoid personal questions.
๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ฐœ์ธ์ ์ธ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์„ ์กด์ค‘ํ•œ๋‹ค.
He respects personal space.

๊ฐœ์ตœ

gaechoe
hosting (an event)
๊ทธ ํšŒ์‚ฌ๋Š” ํฐ ํ–‰์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๊ฐœ์ตœํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
The company hosted a big event.
๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ฒฐํ˜ผ์‹์„ ๊ฐœ์ตœํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
They hosted a wedding.
๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ฝ˜์„œํŠธ๋ฅผ ๊ฐœ์ตœํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
They hosted a concert.

๊ฐ๊ด€์ 

gaekkkwanjeok
being objective
๊ทธ๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ ๊ฐ๊ด€์ ์ธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด๋‹ค.
He is a very objective person.
๊ฐ๊ด€์ ์ธ ์˜๊ฒฌ์€ ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค.
Objective opinions are important.
๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ฐ๊ด€์ ์ธ ๊ฒฐ์ •์„ ๋‚ด๋ ธ๋‹ค.
He made an objective decision.

๊ฑฐ์ ˆ

geojeol
rejection
๊ทธ๋Š” ๋‚ด ์ œ์•ˆ์„ ๊ฑฐ์ ˆํ–ˆ๋‹ค
He rejected my proposal
๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๋‚ด ์‚ฌ๋ž‘์„ ๊ฑฐ์ ˆํ–ˆ๋‹ค
She rejected my love
๊ทธ๋Š” ๋‚ด ์š”์ฒญ์„ ๊ฑฐ์ ˆํ–ˆ๋‹ค
He rejected my request

๊ฑฐ์ง“

geojit
lies
๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์ง“๋ง์„ ํ–ˆ๋‹ค
He told a lie
๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์ง“๋ง์„ ํ–ˆ๋‹ค
She told a lie
๊ฑฐ์ง“๋ง์€ ํ•ด๋กญ๋‹ค
Lies are harmful

๊ฒฐ๋ก 

gyeollon
conclusion
๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ฒฐ๋ก ์„ ๋‚ด๋ ธ๋‹ค.
He drew a conclusion.
๊ทธ ๊ฒฐ๋ก ์€ ์˜ณ์•˜๋‹ค.
That conclusion was correct.
๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ฒฐ๋ก ์„ ๋‚ด๋ฆฌ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ๋ถ„์„ํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
He analyzed the data to draw a conclusion.

๊ฒฐ๋ง

gyeolmal
end (of a story)
๊ทธ ์˜ํ™”์˜ ๊ฒฐ๋ง์€ ๊ฐ๋™์ ์ด์—ˆ๋‹ค.
The ending of the movie was touching.
๊ทธ ์ฑ…์˜ ๊ฒฐ๋ง์€ ์˜ˆ์ƒ ๋ฐ–์ด์—ˆ๋‹ค.
The ending of the book was unexpected.
๊ทธ ๋“œ๋ผ๋งˆ์˜ ๊ฒฐ๋ง์€ ํ–‰๋ณตํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
The ending of the drama was happy.

๊ฒฐ์‹ฌ

gyeolsim
decision
๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ฒฐ์‹ฌ์„ ๋‚ด๋ ธ๋‹ค.
He made a decision.
๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์–ด๋ ค์šด ๊ฒฐ์‹ฌ์„ ๋‚ด๋ ธ๋‹ค.
She made a difficult decision.
๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ฒฐ์‹ฌ์„ ๋ฐ”๊พธ์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค.
He doesn't change his decision.

๊ฒฝ๊ณ 

gyeonggo
warning
๊ฒฝ๊ณ ๋ฅผ ์ฝ์–ด๋ผ.
Read the warning.
๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ฒฝ๊ณ ๋ฅผ ๋ฌด์‹œํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
They ignored the warning.
๊ฒฝ๊ณ ๋Š” ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค.
The warning is important.

๊ฒฝ์šฐ

gyeongu
case, circumstance
๊ฒฝ์šฐ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋‹ค๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
It varies depending on the case.
๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋ฅผ ์—ฐ๊ตฌํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
He studied the case.
๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋Š” ์ค‘์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
The case is important.

๊ฒฝ์Ÿ

gyeongjaeng
competition
๊ฒฝ์Ÿ์€ ์ค‘์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
Competition is important.
๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์Ÿ์— ์ฐธ์—ฌํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
He participated in the competition.
๊ฒฝ์Ÿ์€ ์–ด๋ ค์šด ์ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
Competition is a difficult task.

๊ฒฝ์Ÿ๋ ฅ

gyeongjaengnyeok
competitiveness
๊ฒฝ์Ÿ๋ ฅ์€ ์ค‘์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
Competitiveness is important.
๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์Ÿ๋ ฅ์„ ๋†’์ด๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
He wants to increase competitiveness.
๊ฒฝ์Ÿ๋ ฅ์€ ํšŒ์‚ฌ์˜ ์„ฑ๊ณต์„ ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
Competitiveness determines the company's success.

๊ณ„์ธต

gyecheung
hierarchy
์ €๋Š” ๊ณ„์ธต์„ ์ดํ•ดํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
I understood the hierarchy.
๊ณ„์ธต์„ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜์ง‘ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
I collected data to analyze the hierarchy.
๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ณ„์ธต์„ ์„ค๋ช…ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
He explained the hierarchy.

๊ณ„ํš์„ฑ

gyehoeksseong
planning
์ €๋Š” ๊ณ„ํš์„ฑ์„ ๋ฐฐ์› ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
I learned planning.
๊ณ„ํš์„ฑ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋ชฉํ‘œ๋ฅผ ์„ค์ •ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
I set goals for planning.
๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ณ„ํš์„ฑ์„ ๊ฐ•์กฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
He emphasized planning.

๊ณ„ํš์ 

gyehoekjjeok
being planned, as planned
์ €๋Š” ๊ณ„ํš์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ผํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
I worked as planned.
๊ณ„ํš์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•˜๋ฉด ๋” ํšจ์œจ์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
Proceeding as planned is more efficient.
๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ณ„ํš์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ด€๋ฆฌํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
He managed as planned.

๊ณ ์•„์›

goawon
orphanage
๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ณ ์•„์›์—์„œ ์ž๋ž๋‹ค.
He grew up in an orphanage.
๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ณ ์•„์›์— ๊ธฐ๋ถ€ํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
He donated to an orphanage.
๊ณ ์•„์›์€ ๋„์›€์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค.
The orphanage needs help.

๊ณ ์œ ํ•˜๋‹ค

goyuhada
unique
๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ณ ์œ ํ•œ ์Šคํƒ€์ผ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค.
He has a unique style.
๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ณ ์œ ํ•œ ์ œํ’ˆ์ด๋‹ค.
It is a unique product.
๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ณ ์œ ํ•œ ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค.
He has a unique ability.

๊ณต๊ณต์žฅ์†Œ

gonggongjangso
public place
๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ณต๊ณต์žฅ์†Œ์—์„œ ํฐ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋กœ ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
He spoke loudly in a public place.
๊ณต๊ณต์žฅ์†Œ์—์„œ๋Š” ๊ธˆ์—ฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
Smoking is prohibited in public places.
๊ทธ ๊ณต๊ณต์žฅ์†Œ๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ ํ˜ผ์žกํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
The public place was very crowded.

๊ณต๋™

gongdong
joint
๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ณต๋™์œผ๋กœ ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ๋ฅผ ์™„์ˆ˜ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
They completed the project jointly.
๊ณต๋™์œผ๋กœ ์ผํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ค‘์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
Working jointly is important.
๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ณต๋™์˜ ๋ชฉํ‘œ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
They have a joint goal.

๊ณต๋™์ƒํ™œ

gongdongsaenghwal
community life
๊ณต๋™์ƒํ™œ์€ ์ค‘์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
Community life is important.
๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ณต๋™์ƒํ™œ์„ ์ฆ๊น๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
They enjoy community life.
๊ณต๋™์ƒํ™œ์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ ๋งŽ์€ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์ณ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
Community life teaches us a lot.

๊ณตํ†ต

gongtong
common
๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ณตํ†ต์˜ ๋ชฉํ‘œ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
They have a common goal.
๊ณตํ†ต์ ์€ ์ค‘์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
Common points are important.
๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ณตํ†ต์˜ ๊ด€์‹ฌ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
They have a common interest.

๊ณตํ†ต์ 

gongtongjeom
common point
๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ณตํ†ต์ ์„ ์ฐพ์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
They found a common point.
๊ณตํ†ต์ ์€ ์ค‘์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
Common points are important.
๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ณตํ†ต์ ์„ ๊ณต์œ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
They share a common point.

๊ณตํ•ด

gonghae
pollution
๊ณตํ•ด๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๊ฑด๊ฐ•์„ ํ•ด์น  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
Pollution can harm our health.
๋„์‹œ์˜ ๊ณตํ•ด๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ ์‹ฌ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
The pollution in the city is very serious.
๊ณตํ•ด๋ฅผ ์ค„์ด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
We must try to reduce pollution.

๊ด€๊ณ„์—†๋‹ค

gwangyeeoptta
to be unrelated
๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ด€๋ จ์ด ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
It is not related.
๊ทธ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋Š” ๊ด€๋ จ์ด ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
The issue is not related.
๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ „ํ˜€ ๊ด€๋ จ์ด ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
It is not related at all.

๊ด€๋ จ

gwallyeon
relation
๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‘ ์‚ฌ๊ฑด ์‚ฌ์ด์˜ ๊ด€๋ จ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
It's a relation between the two events.
๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ฐ€์กฑ ๊ด€๊ณ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
It's a family relation.
๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‘ ๋ณ€์ˆ˜ ์‚ฌ์ด์˜ ๊ด€๋ จ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
It's a relation between the two variables.

๊ด€๋ จ์„ฑ

gwallyeonseong
relevance
๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋งค์šฐ ๊ด€๋ จ์„ฑ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
It's very relevant.
๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ด€๋ จ์„ฑ์ด ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
It's not relevant.
๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ƒํ™ฉ์— ๊ด€๋ จ์„ฑ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
It's relevant to the situation.

๊ตฌ๋ณ„

gubyeol
distinction
๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ทธ ๊ตฌ๋ณ„์„ ์ดํ•ดํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
He understood that distinction.
๊ทธ ๊ตฌ๋ณ„์€ ์ค‘์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
That distinction is important.
์ €๋Š” ๊ทธ ๊ตฌ๋ณ„์„ ์„ค๋ช…ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
I explained that distinction.

๊ตฌ๋ถ„

gubun
classification
๊ทธ ๊ตฌ๋ถ„์€ ์ •ํ™•ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
That classification must be accurate.
์ €๋Š” ๊ทธ ๊ตฌ๋ถ„์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
I used that classification.
๊ทธ ๊ตฌ๋ถ„์€ ์œ ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
That classification is useful.

๊ตฌ์ฒด์ 

guchejeok
being specific
๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ตฌ์ฒด์ ์œผ๋กœ ์„ค๋ช…ํ–ˆ๋‹ค
He explained it specifically
๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ตฌ์ฒด์ ์ธ ๊ณ„ํš์„ ์„ธ์› ๋‹ค
He made a specific plan
๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ตฌ์ฒด์ ์ธ ๋ชฉํ‘œ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค
He has a specific goal

๊ตญ๊ฐ€

gukkka
nation
๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ์‹ธ์› ๋‹ค
He fought for the nation
๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ตญ๊ฐ€์˜ ๋ฐœ์ „์— ๊ธฐ์—ฌํ–ˆ๋‹ค
He contributed to the development of the nation
๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ตญ๊ฐ€์˜ ์•ˆ์œ„๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ–ˆ๋‹ค
He worked for the welfare of the nation

๊ตญ๋ฏผ

gungmin
citizens
๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ตญ๋ฏผ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ผํ–ˆ๋‹ค
He worked for the citizens
๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ตญ๋ฏผ์˜ ๊ถŒ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์˜นํ˜ธํ–ˆ๋‹ค
He advocated for the rights of citizens
๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ตญ๋ฏผ์˜ ๋ณต์ง€๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ–ˆ๋‹ค
He worked for the welfare of citizens

๊ตฐ๋Œ€

gundae
army
๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ตฐ๋Œ€์— ๊ฐ€๊ณ  ์‹ถ์–ด์š”
He wants to join the army
๊ตฐ๋Œ€์—์„œ ๊ทธ๋Š” ๋งŽ์€ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ฐฐ์› ์–ด์š”
He learned a lot in the army
๊ตฐ๋Œ€๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋‚˜๋ผ๋ฅผ ์ง€ํ‚ค๋Š” ๊ณณ์ด์—์š”
The army is the place that protects our country

๊ท€์ค‘ํ•˜๋‹ค

gwijunghada
to be valuable
์ด ์ฑ…์€ ๋งค์šฐ ๊ท€์ค‘ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
This book is very valuable
๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ท€์ค‘ํ•œ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ๋‚ญ๋น„ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
He wasted valuable time
๊ทธ๋…€์˜ ์˜๊ฒฌ์€ ๋งค์šฐ ๊ท€์ค‘ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
Her opinion is very valuable

๊ท€ํ•˜๋‹ค

gwihada
to be noble, to be rare, to be fine
๊ทธ๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ ๊ท€ํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
He is a very noble person
๊ทธ๋…€์˜ ๋งˆ์Œ์€ ๋งค์šฐ ๊ท€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
Her heart is very fine
์ด ์ž‘ํ’ˆ์€ ๋งค์šฐ ๊ท€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
This work is very rare

๊ทธ๋ฃน

geurup
group
๊ทธ๋ฃน์€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์ผํ•œ๋‹ค.
A group works together.
๊ทธ๋ฃน์€ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค๋กœ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ๋œ๋‹ค.
A group is composed of diverse people.
๊ทธ๋ฃน์€ ๋ชฉํ‘œ๋ฅผ ๋‹ฌ์„ฑํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ•œ๋‹ค.
A group strives to achieve its goals.

๊ธˆ์ง€

geumji
ban
๊ธˆ์ง€๋Š” ์ค‘์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
A ban is important.
๊ธˆ์ง€๋ฅผ ์–ด๊ธฐ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ž˜๋ชป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
Violating a ban is wrong.
๊ธˆ์ง€๋ฅผ ์ง€ํ‚ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฒ•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
Obeying a ban is the law.

๊ธฐ๋…

ginyeom
commemoration
๊ธฐ๋…์‹์„ ์—ด์—ˆ๋‹ค
We held a commemoration ceremony
๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ธฐ๋…์ผ์„ ์ค€๋น„ํ•œ๋‹ค
He is preparing for the commemoration day
๊ธฐ๋…์‹์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋ชจ์˜€๋‹ค
We gathered for the commemoration

๊ธฐ๋ถ€

gibu
donation
์ €๋Š” ๊ธฐ๋ถ€๋ฅผ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
I made a donation.
๊ธฐ๋ถ€๋Š” ์ค‘์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
Donations are important.
๊ธฐ๋ถ€๋Š” ๋‚˜์˜ ์˜๋ฌด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
Donation is my duty.

๊ธฐ์ค€

gijun
standard, criteria
๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ธฐ์ค€์„ ์„ค์ •ํ•œ๋‹ค.
He sets the standard.
๊ธฐ์ค€์€ ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค.
The standard is important.
๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ธฐ์ค€์„ ๋”ฐ๋ผํ•œ๋‹ค.
He follows the standard.

๊ธฐํšŒ

gihoe
opportunity, change
๊ทธ ๊ธฐํšŒ๋Š” ๋‚ด ์ธ์ƒ์„ ๋ฐ”๊ฟจ๋‹ค
That opportunity changed my life
๊ธฐํšŒ๋ฅผ ์žก์•„๋ผ
Seize the opportunity
๊ธฐํšŒ๋Š” ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ์—๊ฒŒ๋‚˜ ์ฃผ์–ด์ง„๋‹ค
Opportunities are given to everyone

์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋‚˜๋ผ

urinara
our country
๊น€์น˜๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋‚˜๋ผ ๊ณ ์œ ์˜ ์Œ์‹์ด๋‹ค.
Kimchi is Korea's unique food.
์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋‚˜๋ผ์˜ ๋‚จ์ชฝ ๋์—๋Š” ์ œ์ฃผ๋„๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค.
Jeju Island is located at the southern tip of Korea.
์–ด์ œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋‚˜๋ผ ๋Œ€ํ‘œ ํŒ€์˜ ์ถ•๊ตฌ ๊ฒฝ๊ธฐ ๋ดค๋‹ˆ?
Did you watch the soccer game of our countryโ€™s national team yesterday?

๊ฑฐ์ ˆ๋˜๋‹ค

geojeoldoeda
be refused; be rejected; be denied
ํœด๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋‹ฌ๋ผ๋Š” ์š”์ฒญ์ด ๊ฑฐ์ ˆ๋˜์–ด ๋‚˜๋Š” ์—ฌ๋ฆ„ ๋‚ด๋‚ด ํšŒ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋‚˜๊ฐ”๋‹ค.
My request for time off was denied, so I was out of work all summer.
ํ™˜๋ถˆํ•ด ๋‹ฌ๋ผ๋Š” ๋‚˜์˜ ์š”์ฒญ์€ ์˜์ˆ˜์ฆ์„ ์•ˆ ๊ฐ€์ ธ์™”๋‹ค๋Š” ์ด์œ ๋กœ ๊ฑฐ์ ˆ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค.
My request for a refund was denied because I did not bring a receipt.
์ง์›๋“ค์˜ ์—ฌ๋ฆ„ ๋‹จ์ถ• ๊ทผ๋ฌด ์ œ์•ˆ์ด ๊ฑฐ์ ˆ๋๋‹ค๋ฉด์„œ์š”?
I heard your employees' offer to work shorter hours in the summer was rejected?

๊ฑฐ์ ˆํ•˜๋‹ค

geojeolhada
refuse; reject; deny
์นœ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ถ€ํƒ์„ ๊ฑฐ์ ˆํ•˜์ž ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋จธ์“ฑํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ์„œ์šดํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
When my friend refused my request, I felt embarrassed and disappointed.
ํˆฌ์ˆ˜๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์•ก์˜ ์—ฐ๋ด‰์„ ์ œ์‹œํ•œ ๊ตฌ๋‹จ์˜ ์ œ์•ˆ์„ ๊ฑฐ์ ˆํ•˜๊ธฐ ์–ด๋ ค์› ๋‹ค.
It was difficult for the pitcher to refuse the club's offer of a large annual salary.
์ €์˜ ๋ฐ์ดํŠธ ์‹ ์ฒญ์„ ๊ฑฐ์ ˆํ•˜๋Š” ์ด์œ ๊ฐ€ ๋ญก๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
Why are you rejecting my date request?

๊ฒฐ์‹ฌํ•˜๋‹ค

gyeolsimhada
determine; resolve
์Šน๊ทœ๋Š” ์˜ค๋žœ ๊ณ ๋ฏผ ๋์— ๋“œ๋””์–ด ์ง€์ˆ˜์™€์˜ ๊ฒฐํ˜ผ์„ ๊ฒฐ์‹ฌํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
After much deliberation, Seung-gyu finally decided to marry Ji-soo.
๊ฐ‘์ž๊ธฐ ๋” ๋„“์€ ์„ธ์ƒ์ด ๋ณด๊ณ  ์‹ถ์–ด์ง„ ์ง€์ˆ˜๋Š” ์—ฌํ–‰์„ ๊ฒฐ์‹ฌํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค.
Jisoo suddenly wanted to see a wider world and decided to travel.
์‚ด์•„์•ผ ํ•  ํฌ๋ง์„ ๋˜์ฐพ์€ ์•„๋ฒ„์ง€๋Š” ๋ณ‘์›์—์„œ ์น˜๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›๊ธฐ๋กœ ๊ฒฐ์‹ฌํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
My father, who regained the hope he needed to live, decided to receive treatment at the hospital.

๊ฒฐ์ •๋˜๋‹ค

gyeoljeongdoeda
be decided
ํ•™๊ธ‰ ํšŒ์˜ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์— ํ•œ ํˆฌํ‘œ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์Šน๊ทœ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐ˜์žฅ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฒฐ์ •๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค.
Seung-gyu was decided as class president through a vote during the class meeting.
๋ฏธ๋ž˜๋Š” ๊ฒฐ์ •๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋…ธ๋ ฅ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์–ผ๋งˆ๋“ ์ง€ ๋ฐ”๋€” ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค.
The future is not determined, but can change depending on our efforts.
์ด๋ฒˆ ํ–‰์‚ฌ์—์„œ ์ œ ํŒŒํŠธ๋„ˆ๋Š” ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ์ธ๊ฐ€์š”?
Who is my partner in this event?

๊ฒฝํ—˜๋˜๋‹ค

gyeongheomdoeda
be experienced
์„ฑ์ทจ๊ฐ์ด ๋ฐ˜๋ณต์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฒฝํ—˜๋˜๋ฉด ์–ด๋ฆฐ์•„์ด๋Š” ๊ธ์ •์ ์ธ ์„ฑ๊ฒฉ์„ ๊ฐ–๊ฒŒ ๋œ๋‹ค.
When a sense of accomplishment is experienced repeatedly, a child develops a positive personality.
์–ด๋–ค ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์ง์ ‘ ๊ฒฝํ—˜๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ๋น„ํŒ์ ์ธ ํƒœ๋„๋ฅผ ๋ณด์ธ๋‹ค.
Some people have a critical attitude toward things they have not directly experienced.
๊ฒฝํ—˜๋œ ์‚ฌ์‹ค.
Experienced fact.

๊ฒฝํ—˜ํ•˜๋‹ค

gyeongheomhada
experience
์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์‚ฌ๊ฑด์„ ๊ฒฝํ—˜ํ•˜๋ฉฐ ์„ฑ์žฅํ•œ๋‹ค.
People grow by experiencing various events.
์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ๋ฌด์„ญ๊ณ  ์ถฉ๊ฒฉ์ ์ธ ์ƒํ™ฉ์„ ๊ฒฝํ—˜ํ•œ ํ›„์— ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์  ์žฅ์• ๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜๋Š” ์ผ๋„ ์žˆ๋‹ค.
Psychological disorders may appear after a person experiences a scary or traumatic situation.
์ด๋ณ„์„ ์ฒ˜์Œ ๊ฒฝํ—˜ํ•œ ๊ฒŒ ์–ธ์ œ์•ผ?
When was the first time you experienced a breakup?

๊ณ„ํš๋˜๋‹ค

gyehoekttoeda
be planned
์˜ค๋Š˜๋กœ ๊ณ„ํš๋œ ๋ด„ ์†Œํ’์ด ๋น„ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋‚ด์ผ๋กœ ์—ฐ๊ธฐ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค.
The spring picnic planned for today has been postponed to tomorrow due to rain.
์‹ ์ œํ’ˆ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ์ด ๋Šฆ์–ด์ ธ์„œ ํšŒ์‚ฌ๋Š” ์ œํ’ˆ ์ถœ์‹œ๋ฅผ ๋ฏธ๋ฃจ๊ธฐ๋กœ ๊ณ„ํšํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
Due to delays in new product development, the company planned to postpone the product launch.
๋„ˆ ๋ฐฉํ•™์— ํ•˜๊ธฐ๋กœ ๊ณ„ํš๋œ ๊ฒƒ ์žˆ์–ด?
Do you have anything planned to do during vacation?

๊ณ„ํšํ•˜๋‹ค

gyehoekada
plan; scheme
์˜ค๋Š˜์€ ๋ฐ˜๋“œ์‹œ ํ•™๊ต์— ์ผ์ฐ ๊ฐ€๋ ค๊ณ  ๊ณ„ํšํ–ˆ์œผ๋‚˜ ๋Šฆ์ž ์„ ์ž๊ณ  ๋ง์•˜๋‹ค.
I had planned to go to school early today, but I ended up oversleeping.
๋‚˜๋Š” ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์œ ํ•™์„ ๊ณ„ํšํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๊ธฐ์— ์˜์–ด ๊ณต๋ถ€๋ฅผ ์—ด์‹ฌํžˆ ํ•ด ๋‘์—ˆ๋‹ค.
Because I was planning to study abroad in the United States, I studied English diligently.
์•„๋ฒ„์ง€๋Š” ์˜ค๋ž˜์ „๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๊ณ„ํšํ•œ ์‚ฌ์—…์„ ์˜ฌํ•ด ๋ณธ๊ฒฉ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.
My father was planning to start a business he had been planning for a long time in earnest this year.

๊ด€๊ณ„๋˜๋‹ค

gwangyedoeda
be related; have relation
์œ ๋ฏผ์ด์˜ ์žฆ์€ ์ง€๊ฐ์€ ๋Šฆ์ž  ์ž๋Š” ์Šต๊ด€๊ณผ ๋ฐ€์ ‘ํžˆ ๊ด€๊ณ„๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค.
Yumin's frequent tardiness was closely related to his habit of oversleeping.
์Šน๊ทœ๋Š” ์ž์‹ ์˜ ์„ฑ๊ณต๊ณผ ๊ด€๊ณ„๋œ ์ผ์—๋Š” ๋ฌผ๋ถˆ์„ ๊ฐ€๋ฆฌ์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ๋›ฐ์–ด๋“ค์—ˆ๋‹ค.
Seung-gyu jumped into anything related to his success without hesitation.
์ด์ „ ํšŒ์‚ฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ์–ด๋–ค ์—…๋ฌด๋ฅผ ๋‹ด๋‹นํ•˜์…จ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
What were your responsibilities at your previous company?

๊ธˆ์ง€๋˜๋‹ค

geumjidoeda
be banned; be prohibited
์ด ์žฅ์†Œ๋Š” ์ถœ์ž…์ด ๊ธˆ์ง€๋˜๋‹ˆ ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ€๋ฉด ์•ˆ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
Entry to this place is prohibited, so do not enter.
์ž์—ฐ ๋ณดํ˜ธ ์ง€์—ญ์€ ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๋„๋ก ๊ธˆ์ง€๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๋‹ค.
Entry to nature reserves is prohibited.
๊ตฐ ๊ธฐ๊ฐ• ํ™•๋ฆฝ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ํ•œ๋™์•ˆ ์žฅ๋ณ‘๋“ค์˜ ์™ธ์ถœ๊ณผ ์™ธ๋ฐ•์ด ๊ธˆ์ง€๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค.
To establish military discipline, soldiers were banned from going out or staying out for a while.

๊ธˆ์ง€ํ•˜๋‹ค

geumjihada
ban; prohibit
์ •๋ถ€๋Š” ํ•™๊ต์—์„œ์˜ ์ฒด๋ฒŒ์„ ๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ ๊ธˆ์ง€ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.
The government banned corporal punishment in schools by law.
๋ฏธ์ˆ ๊ด€์—์„œ๋Š” ์ „์‹œ๋œ ๊ทธ๋ฆผ์˜ ์‚ฌ์ง„ ์ดฌ์˜์„ ์—„๊ฒฉํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๊ธˆ์ง€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค.
Photography of the paintings on display is strictly prohibited in the museum.
์ŠคํŽ˜์ธ์—์„œ ๊ณต๊ณต์žฅ์†Œ์—์„œ์˜ ํก์—ฐ์„ ๊ธˆ์ง€ํ–ˆ๋Œ€.
Smoking in public places has been banned in Spain.

ํ–‰์‚ฌ

haengsa
event; occasion; ceremony
ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์ด ์†œ์”จ๋ฅผ ๋ฝ๋‚ด๋Š” ๊ต๋‚ด ํ–‰์‚ฌ์— ํ•™๋ถ€๋ชจ๋“ค๋„ ์ดˆ๋Œ€๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค.
Parents were also invited to school events where students showed off their skills.
์šฐ๋ฆฌ ํšŒ์‚ฌ์˜ ์ฐฝ๋ฆฝ ๊ธฐ๋…์ผ์„ ๋งž์•„ ํฐ ๊ทœ๋ชจ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์ถ• ํ–‰์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์—ด๋ฆด ์˜ˆ์ •์ด๋‹ค.
A large-scale celebration event will be held to commemorate our company's founding anniversary.
๋‚ด ๊ฒฐํ˜ผ์‹์— ์™€ ์ค„ ๊ฑฐ์ง€?
Will you come to my wedding?

๋ถ€์ž

buja
the rich; the wealthy
์ • ์‚ฌ์žฅ์€ ์‚ฌ์—…์— ์„ฑ๊ณตํ•ด์„œ ๋ˆ์ด ๋งŽ์€ ๋ถ€์ž๊ฐ€ ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค.
President Jeong succeeded in business and became a wealthy man.
๋ถ€์ž๋“ค ์ค‘์—๋Š” ๋ˆ์ด๋‚˜ ๋ฌผ๊ฑด์„ ์•„๊ปด ์“ฐ๋Š” ์Šต๊ด€์„ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ๋งŽ๋‹ค.
Among rich people, there are many who have the habit of saving money and goods.
์ด ๋™๋„ค๋Š” ๋ถ€์ž๋“ค์ด ๋ชจ์—ฌ์„œ ์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋™๋„ค์ธ๊ฐ€ ๋ด.
This neighborhood seems to be a neighborhood where rich people live together.

์ž์œ 

jayu
freedom
๊ทธ๋Š” ํšŒ์‚ฌ์— ๋‚˜๊ฐ€๋Š” ๋‚ ์„ ๋นผ๊ณ ๋Š” ๋ชจ๋‘ ์ž์œ  ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด์—ˆ๋‹ค.
Except for the days when he went to work, he had all his free time.
์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์–ด๋– ํ•œ ์ข…๊ต๋ผ๋„ ๋งˆ์Œ๊ป ๋ฏฟ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ข…๊ต์˜ ์ž์œ ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค.
We have religious freedom to freely believe in any religion.
๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ฐ„๋งŒ์— ํœด๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์–ป์–ด ์ด๊ณณ์ €๊ณณ ์—ฌํ–‰์„ ๋‹ค๋‹ˆ๋ฉฐ ์ž์œ ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋ฝํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
I took a vacation for the first time in a while and enjoyed my freedom by traveling here and there.

๋ฐ˜๋Œ€ํ•˜๋‹ค

bandaehada
oppose; object
์†Œ๋งค์ƒ๋“ค์€ ๋™๋„ค์— ๋Œ€ํ˜• ๋งˆํŠธ๊ฐ€ ๋“ค์–ด์˜ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€ํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
Retailers opposed the opening of a large supermarket in their neighborhood.
๋ถ€๋ชจ๋‹˜์ด ์œ ํ•™ ๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ—ˆ๋ฝํ•˜์…จ์–ด?
Did your parents allow you to study abroad?
์ฒด์œก ์ˆ˜์—… ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ์ค„์ด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์— ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€ํ•˜๋Š” ํ•™๋ถ€๋ชจ๋„ ์žˆ์—ˆ์ง€๋งŒ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„ ์ด์— ๋™์˜ํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
Although some parents opposed reducing physical education class time, most agreed.

๋„

do
morality; principle
์•„๋ฒ„์ง€๊ป˜์„œ๋Š” ํ‰์ƒ ๋„์— ์–ด๊ธ‹๋‚˜๋Š” ์ผ์€ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์œผ์…จ๋‹ค.
My father never did anything that went against Tao throughout his life.
๊น€ ๋Œ€๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ ๋ง‰๋ง์„ ๋‚ด๋ฑ‰์€ ์ด ๋ถ€์žฅ์€ ๋’ค๋Šฆ๊ฒŒ ์ž์‹ ์ด ๋„๊ฐ€ ์ง€๋‚˜์ณค์Œ์„ ๊นจ๋‹ฌ์•˜๋‹ค.
Director Lee, who spoke harshly to Assistant Manager Kim, realized late that he had gone too far.
๋„๊ฐ€ ์ง€๋‚˜์น˜๋‹ค.
It's too much.

์‹œ๋ฏผ

simin
urbanite; city dweller
ํ•œ๊ฐ• ์ฃผ๋ณ€์—๋Š” ์‚ฐ์ฑ…์„ ๋‚˜์˜จ ์„œ์šธ ์‹œ๋ฏผ๋“ค์ด ๋ถ์ ์˜€๋‹ค.
The area around the Han River was crowded with Seoul citizens out for a walk.
์„œ์šธ์‹œ์—์„œ๋Š” ์‹œ๋ฏผ๋“ค์˜ ํŽธ์˜๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋ช…์ ˆ ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„์— ์ง€ํ•˜์ฒ ์„ ์—ฐ์žฅ ์šดํ–‰ํ•˜๊ธฐ๋กœ ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
The city of Seoul decided to extend subway service during the holiday period for the convenience of citizens.
๋ถ€์‚ฐ์—์„œ ์ง€์ง„์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋Š”๋ฐ ๋‹ค์นœ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ์—†๋Š”์ง€ ๊ฑฑ์ •์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
I heard that an earthquake occurred in Busan, and I'm worried whether anyone was hurt.

๋ฐ˜๋Œ€

bandae
opposite; contrary
์ด ๋ฌธ์ œ๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๊ธˆ ํ’€์—ˆ๋˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€๋กœ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด์„œ ํ’€๋ฉด ๋ผ.
You can solve this problem by thinking of it as the opposite of the problem you just solved.
์ด ์ฑ…์€ ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์ง€๋‚œ๋ฒˆ์— ์ฝ์—ˆ๋˜ ์ฑ…๊ณผ๋Š” ๋ถ„์œ„๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์™„์ „ํžˆ ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€์•ผ.
This book has a completely different vibe from the last book I read.
๋ฏผ์ค€์ด๋Š” ๋ณต๋„์—์„œ ์ง€์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ•˜์ž ๊ฐ‘์ž๊ธฐ ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€ ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์œผ๋กœ ๋›ฐ์–ด๊ฐ”๋‹ค.
When Minjun found Jisoo in the hallway, he suddenly ran in the opposite direction.

๋ฐ˜๋Œ€๋˜๋‹ค

bandaedoeda
be opposite
๋‘ ๋ ˆ์Šฌ๋ง ์„ ์ˆ˜๋Š” ์„œ๋กœ ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€๋˜๋Š” ์œ„์น˜์—์„œ ๋งˆ์ฃผ ๋ณด๊ณ  ์„œ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค.
The two wrestlers stood facing each other in opposite positions.
์นœ๊ตฌ ์ง‘์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์ง‘๊ณผ ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€๋˜๋Š” ๊ณณ์ด์–ด์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๊ณผ ํ›„ ์™„์ „ํžˆ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์œผ๋กœ ์ง‘์— ๊ฐ„๋‹ค.
My friend's house is the opposite of ours, so we go home in a completely different direction after school.
์™œ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋Šฆ์—ˆ์–ด?
Why are you so late?

์„ธ๊ณ„

segye
world; universe
๊ทธ๋Š” ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ผ๊ณฑ ๊ฐœ ๋Œ€๋ฅ™์˜ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋†’์€ ์‚ฐ์„ ๋“ฑ์ •ํ•˜๊ธฐ๋กœ ๊ฒฐ์‹ฌ์„ ํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
He decided to climb the highest mountains on all seven continents.
์š”์ƒˆ ํšŒ์‚ฌ๋“ค์€ ๊ตญ๋‚ด ์‹œ์žฅ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์‹œ์žฅ์—์„œ ๊ฒฝ์Ÿํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ƒํ’ˆ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ ๋‹ค.
These days, companies create products that can compete not only in the domestic market but also in the global market.
์ง€์ˆ˜ ๊ฟˆ์ด ๋น„ํ–‰๊ธฐ ์กฐ์ข…์‚ฌ๋ผ๊ณ ?
Jisooโ€™s dream is to be an airplane pilot?

์„ธ์ƒ

sesang
world
์ง€์ˆ˜๋Š” ๋ฐ”ํ€ด๋ฒŒ๋ ˆ๊ฐ€ ์„ธ์ƒ์—์„œ ์ œ์ผ ์‹ซ์—ˆ๋‹ค.
Jisoo hated cockroaches the most in the world.
์Šน๊ทœ๋Š” ์„ธ์ƒ ๊ตฌ๊ฒฝํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ข‹์•„ํ•ด ์—ฌํ–‰์„ ์ž์ฃผ ๋‹ค๋‹Œ๋‹ค.
Seunggyu likes to see the world and travels often.
๋‚˜ ์–ด์ œ ์—ฌ์ž ์นœ๊ตฌ๋ž‘ ํ—ค์–ด์กŒ์–ด.
I broke up with my girlfriend yesterday.

๊ตญ์ œ

gukjje
being international; being global
์›์ž์žฌ ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ์ด ์˜ฌ๋ผ ์ƒํ’ˆ์˜ ๊ตญ์ œ ๊ฒฝ์Ÿ๋ ฅ์ด ๋–จ์–ด์ง€๋ฉด ์ˆ˜์ถœ์ด ์–ด๋ ค์›Œ์ง„๋‹ค.
When raw material prices rise and the international competitiveness of products decreases, exports become difficult.
์ด๋ฒˆ ๋ถํ•œ๊ณผ์˜ ํšŒ๋‹ด์—์„œ๋Š” ์ฃผ๋กœ ์–ด๋–ค ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ๋…ผ์˜ํ•˜๋‚˜์š”?
What are the main topics discussed in this meeting with North Korea?
์˜ฌ๋ฆผํ”ฝ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ตญ์ œ ๋Œ€ํšŒ์— ๋‹จ์ผ ํŒ€์œผ๋กœ ์ถœ์ „ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฌธ์ œ ๋“ฑ์„ ์˜๋…ผํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
Issues such as participating as a single team in international competitions such as the Olympics will be discussed.

์—ฌ์„ฑ

yeoseong
woman
์š”์ฆ˜ ์•„๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋‚ณ์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ์—ฌ์„ฑ์ด ๋Š˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค.
These days, the number of women who do not have children is increasing.
์–ด๋จธ๋‹ˆ๋Š” ์—ฌ์„ฑ ์ „๋ฌธ ๋ณ‘์›์— ์ผ ๋…„์— ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ ์œ ๋ฐฉ์•” ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์œผ๋Ÿฌ ๊ฐ€์‹ ๋‹ค.
My mother goes to a women's hospital twice a year to get checked for breast cancer.
์‹ญ๋Œ€ ์—ฌ์„ฑ.
Teenage female.

๋‚จ

nam
others; another person
๋‚˜๋ณด๋‹ค ๋‚จ์„ ๋” ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š” ์ง€์ˆ˜๋Š” ๋ด‰์‚ฌ ํ™œ๋™์„ ์—ด์‹ฌํžˆ ํ•œ๋‹ค.
Jisoo thinks of others more than herself and works hard in volunteer work.
์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์–ธ๋‹ˆ๋Š” ํ•ญ์ƒ ๋‚จ์—๊ฒŒ ๊ด€์‹ฌ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ๋„์™€์ฃผ๋ ค๊ณ  ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ•œ๋‹ค.
My sister always takes an interest in others and tries to help them.
๋ฏผ์ค€์•„, ๋„ˆ๋Š” ์‚ฌํšŒ์ƒํ™œ์„ ํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ์„œ์šดํ–ˆ๋˜ ์ ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ˆ?
Minjun, have you ever felt disappointed in your social life?

๋‚จ๋…€

namnyeo
man and woman
๋‘ ๋‚จ๋…€๊ฐ€ ์†์„ ์žก๊ณ  ๋ฐ์ดํŠธ๋ฅผ ํ•œ๋‹ค.
A man and a woman hold hands and go on a date.
๋ฒ•์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋งŒ ์‹ญ๊ตฌ ์„ธ ์ด์ƒ์˜ ์„ฑ์ธ ๋‚จ๋…€๋ผ๋ฉด ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ๋‚˜ ํˆฌํ‘œ์— ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.
According to the law, any adult man or woman over the age of nineteen can participate in voting.
์ด๋ฒˆ ์šด๋™ ๊ฒฝ๊ธฐ์—๋Š” ๊ฐ ํŒ€์—์„œ ๋‚จ๋…€ ๋‹ค์„ฏ ๋ช…์”ฉ ์ฐธ๊ฐ€ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋Œ€.
Each team must have five men and five men participate in this sporting event.

๋‚จ์„ฑ

namseong
male
์ด์‹ญ ๋Œ€ ๋‚จ์„ฑ.
A man in his twenties.
์ค‘๋…„ ๋‚จ์„ฑ.
Middle-aged man.
๋‚จ์„ฑ ์˜๋ฅ˜.
Men's clothing.

๊ฐ€๋กœ์“ฐ๊ธฐ

garosseugi
writing from left to right; writing laterally
๊ฐ€๋กœ์“ฐ๊ธฐ๋กœ ๋œ ์ฑ…์€ ์™ผ์ชฝ์—์„œ ์˜ค๋ฅธ์ชฝ์œผ๋กœ ์ชฝ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ๋„˜์–ด๊ฐ„๋‹ค.
In books written horizontally, the pages go from left to right.
ํ• ๋จธ๋‹ˆ๋Š” ๊ฐ€๋กœ์“ฐ๊ธฐ ์‹ ๋ฌธ๋ณด๋‹ค ์„ธ๋กœ์“ฐ๊ธฐ๋กœ ๋œ ์‹ ๋ฌธ์ด ์ฝ๊ธฐ์— ํŽธํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•˜์…จ๋‹ค.
My grandmother said that it was easier to read a newspaper written vertically than a newspaper written horizontally.
์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜, ๋…ํ›„๊ฐ ์ž‘์„ฑ์€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํ• ๊นŒ์š”?
Teacher, how do I write a book report?

๊ฐ€์ž…๋น„

gaipppi
membership fee
๋‚˜๋Š” ๋น„์‹ผ ๊ฐ€์ž…๋น„๋ฅผ ๋‚ด๊ณ  ๊ณ ๊ธ‰ ํ—ฌ์Šคํด๋Ÿฝ์˜ ํšŒ์›์ด ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค.
I became a member of a luxury health club by paying an expensive membership fee.
์ตœ๊ทผ ์ด๋™ ํ†ต์‹  ํšŒ์‚ฌ๋“ค์ด ๊ณ ๊ฐ๋“ค์„ ์œ ์น˜ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ฐ€์ž…๋น„๋ฅผ ๋ฉด์ œํ•ด ์ฃผ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค.
Recently, mobile communication companies have been waiving subscription fees to attract customers.
์ง‘์— ์ธํ„ฐ๋„ท์„ ์„ค์น˜ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€๋ฐ ๋น„์šฉ์ด ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๋“ค๊นŒ์š”?
I want to install internet at home. How much will it cost?

๊ฐ€์ž…ํ•˜๋‹ค

gaipada
join; sign up
๊ตญ์ œ ์—ฐํ•ฉ์— ๊ฐ€์ž…ํ•œ ํšŒ์›๊ตญ์€ ์ด ๋ฐฑ๊ตฌ์‹ญ์ด ๊ฐœ๊ตญ์ด๋‹ค.
There are a total of 192 member countries that have joined the United Nations.
๊ทธ๋Š” ์ฐจ๋ฅผ ์ƒˆ๋กœ ์‚ฐ ๋’ค์— ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์ž๋™์ฐจ ๋ณดํ—˜์— ๊ฐ€์ž…ํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
He signed up for car insurance right after buying a new car.
๋งค์ฃผ ๋“ฑ์‚ฐ์„ ๊ฐ€๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•ด๋„ ๊ฐ™์ด ๊ฐˆ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ์—†์–ด์„œ ๊ณ ๋ฏผ์ด์•ผ.
Even though I try to go hiking every week, I'm worried because I don't have anyone to go with.

๊ฐ€์ •๋˜๋‹ค

gajeongdoeda
be assumed; be presumed
์•ž์œผ๋กœ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ ์˜ค์—ผ์ด ์ง€์†๋  ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๋งŽ์€ ๋ฌธ์ œ์ ๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€์ •๋œ๋‹ค.
If environmental pollution continues in the future, many problems are assumed.
๊ณผํ•™์ž๋“ค์€ ์ƒ๋ฌผ์ด ์‚ด ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€์ •๋˜๋Š” ํ–‰์„ฑ์— ํƒ์‚ฌ์„ ์„ ๋ณด๋ƒˆ๋‹ค.
Scientists have sent a probe to a planet assumed to be habitable.
๊ณง ๊ฒฝ์ œ ์œ„๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๋‹ฅ์น  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๋Š”๋ฐ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ํšŒ์‚ฌ๋„ ๋Œ€๋น„๋ฅผ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์„๊นŒ์š”.
They say an economic crisis is coming soon, so shouldn't our company be prepared?

๊ฐˆ๋“ฑํ•˜๋‹ค

galtteunghada
conflict
์•„๋ฒ„์ง€๋Š” ์•„๋“ค๊ณผ ์ƒ๊ฐ์ด ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋‹ฌ๋ผ์„œ ์ž์ฃผ ๋Œ€๋ฆฝํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ฐˆ๋“ฑํ•œ๋‹ค.
The father and son have very different ideas, so they often confront and conflict.
์นœํ•œ ์นœ๊ตฌ๋ผ๋„ ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํžˆ ๋Œ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฉด ์„œ๋กœ ๊ฐˆ๋“ฑํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๊ฐ€ ์ƒ๊ธด๋‹ค.
Even close friends can have conflicts if they don't talk to each other enough.
์š”์ฆ˜ ๋‚จํŽธ๊ณผ ๊ฐˆ๋“ฑํ•˜๋Š” ์ผ์ด ๋งŽ๋‹ค๋ฉด์„œ์š”?
I heard you have a lot of conflicts with your husband these days?

๊ฐ™์ดํ•˜๋‹ค

gachihada
share; join
๋‚˜๋Š” ์˜ค๋žœ๋งŒ์— ์Šน๊ทœ์™€ ์ˆ ์ž๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ™์ดํ•˜๋ฉฐ ๋‹ด์†Œ๋ฅผ ๋‚˜๋ˆ„์—ˆ๋‹ค.
It's been a while since I had a drink with Seunggyu and chatted with him.
ํ•™๊ต๋ฅผ ์กธ์—…ํ•˜๋ ค๋‹ˆ ํ•™๊ต ์ƒํ™œ์„ ๊ฐ™์ดํ•œ ์นœ๊ตฌ๋“ค๊ณผ ํ—ค์–ด์ง€๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„์‰ฝ๋‹ค.
As I'm about to graduate from school, I feel sad about parting ways with my school friends.
๊ฒฐํ˜ผ ์ƒํ™œ์€ ์–ด๋•Œ์š”?
How is your married life?

๊ฐœ๋ฐฉํ•˜๋‹ค

gaebanghada
open; be open to the public
๊ตญ๋ฆฝ ๋ฐ•๋ฌผ๊ด€์€ ํ•œ ๋‹ฌ๊ฐ„ ํŠน๋ณ„ ์ „์‹œ์‹ค์„ ๋ฌด๋ฃŒ๋กœ ๊ฐœ๋ฐฉํ•œ๋‹ค.
The National Museum opens special exhibition rooms for free for one month.
์šฐ๋ฆฌ ํ•™๊ต๋Š” ์ฐฝ๊ณ ๋ฅผ ํœด๊ฒŒ์‹ค๋กœ ๊ณ ์ณ์„œ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๊ฐœ๋ฐฉํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.
Our school converted the warehouse into a lounge and opened it to students.
์™ธ๋ถ€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค๋„ ์ด๊ณณ ํ™”์žฅ์‹ค์„ ์ด์šฉํ•˜๋„ค์š”?
Do people from outside also use the restroom here?

๊ณต๊ณต์‚ฌ์—…

gonggongsaeop
public project
๊ทธ๋Š” ํ‰์ƒ ๋™์•ˆ ๊ณ ์•„์›๊ณผ ๋ณต์ง€๊ด€์„ ์šด์˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๋“ฑ ๊ณต๊ณต์‚ฌ์—…์„ ํ•ด ์™”๋‹ค.
He has been involved in public works, including running orphanages and welfare centers, throughout his life.
์šฐ๋ฆฌ ํšŒ์‚ฌ๋Š” ๊ณต๊ณต์‚ฌ์—…์— ๋งŽ์€ ํˆฌ์ž๋ฅผ ํ•˜์—ฌ ์‹œ๋ฏผ๋“ค๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์ข‹์€ ํ‰๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค.
Our company has invested heavily in public projects and is well-received by citizens.
๊ธฐ์—… ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€๋ฅผ ์ข‹๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋ ค๋ฉด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ• ๊นŒ์š”?
What should we do to improve our corporate image?

์‹คํŒจ์ž

silpaeja
failure; social failure; loser
์Šน๊ทœ๋Š” ์‚ถ์„ ํ›„ํšŒํ•˜๋ฉฐ ์ž์‹ ์„ ์ธ์ƒ์˜ ์‹คํŒจ์ž๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
Seung-gyu regretted his life and thought of himself as a failure in life.
๊ทธ ์„ ์ˆ˜๋Š” ์œ„๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์ž˜ ๊ทน๋ณตํ•ด์„œ ์‹คํŒจ์ž๋ผ๋Š” ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€๋ฅผ ๋ฒ—์–ด๋‚  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์—ˆ๋‹ค.
The player was unable to escape the image of a failure by overcoming the crisis well.
๋‚˜๋Š” ์‹คํŒจ์ž์ธ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„.
I feel like a failure.

์ „ํ†ต์ฐจ

jeontongcha
traditional tea
์ „ํ†ต์ฐจ ๋ฌธํ™”.
Traditional tea culture.
์ „ํ†ต์ฐจ ์˜ˆ์ ˆ.
Traditional tea etiquette.
์ „ํ†ต์ฐจ ์ฐป์ง‘.
Traditional tea house.

๊ณต๊ฐœํ•˜๋‹ค

gonggaehada
make public
์ •๋ถ€์—์„œ๋Š” ๊ตญ๋ฏผ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์„ฑ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์ž๋“ค์˜ ์‹ ์ƒ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ๊ณต๊ฐœํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
The government disclosed personal information about sex offenders to the public.
์ž„์›์ง„์€ ์ผ๋ฐ˜ ์‚ฌ์›์—๊ฒŒ ์„ธ๋ถ€์ ์ธ ํšŒ์˜ ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ๊ณต๊ฐœํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค.
The executives did not disclose the details of the meeting to general employees.
์ˆ˜์‚ฌ ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ๊ณต๊ฐœํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ์ด์œ ๋ผ๋„ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
Is there any reason for not disclosing the details of the investigation?

๊ต๋ฅ˜ํ•˜๋‹ค

gyoryuhada
join; flow together
์ž‘์€ ๋ฌผ์ค„๊ธฐ๋“ค์ด ๊ต๋ฅ˜ํ•ด์„œ ํฐ ๊ฐ•์„ ์ด๋ฃจ๊ณ  ๊ฒฐ๊ตญ์€ ๋ฐ”๋‹ค๋ฅผ ์ด๋ฃฌ๋‹ค.
Small streams interact to form large rivers and eventually the sea.
๋‘‘์˜ ๊ฑด์„ค๋กœ ๊ฐ•๋ฌผ๊ณผ ๋ฐ”๋‹ท๋ฌผ์ด ๊ต๋ฅ˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณณ์€ ์ด์ œ ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๋‚จ์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค.
Due to the construction of dams, there are now very few places left where river water and sea water interact.
์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์ž‘์€ ๋ฌผ์ค„๊ธฐ๋“ค์€ ์–ด๋””๋กœ ํ˜๋Ÿฌ๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊ฑธ๊นŒ์š”?
Where do these small streams of water flow?

๊ณ ์ „

gojeon
convenience; customary
๊ณ ์ „ ๋ฌผ๋ฆฌํ•™์—์„œ๋Š” ํƒœ์–‘์ด ์ง€๊ตฌ ์ฃผ์œ„๋ฅผ ๋ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
In classical physics, the sun was thought to revolve around the earth.
๊ณ ์ „ ๋ฌธํ•™ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ผ๋Š” ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋“ค์–ด ๋ณด๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ ๋งŽ์ด ์–ด๋ ค์šธ๊นŒ?
I'm trying to take a class called Classical Literature Studies. Will it be very difficult?
๋„ค๊ฐ€ ๊ณ ์–ด๋ฅผ ์ž˜ ์•ˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋งŽ์ด ์–ด๋ ต์ง€๋Š” ์•Š์„ ๊ฑฐ์•ผ.
If you know gore well, it won't be too difficult.

์ œ๋Œ€๋กœ

jedaero
right
๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ฒฐํ˜ผ์‹๋งŒํผ์€ ์ œ๋Œ€๋กœ ์˜ฌ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์—ˆ๋‹ค.
I wanted to have a proper wedding at least.
์œ ๋ฏผ์ด๊ฐ€ ๊น€์น˜์ฐŒ๊ฐœ๋ฅผ ์ œ๋Œ€๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค์ง€ ์•Š์•„ ๋ง›์ด ์‹ฑ๊ฑฐ์› ๋‹ค.
Yumin didn't make the kimchi stew properly, so it tasted bland.
์ œ๋Œ€๋กœ ๋‚˜์˜ค๋‹ค.
come out properly

์‹œ๋ถ€๋ชจ

sibumo
parents-in-law
์ง€์ˆ˜๋Š” ์‹œ๋ถ€๋ชจ์—๊ฒŒ๋„ ์นœ๋ถ€๋ชจ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์‚ด๊ฐ‘๊ฒŒ ๋Œ€ํ•œ๋‹ค.
Jisoo treats her parents-in-law as kindly as her own parents.
๊น€ ์”จ ๋ถ€๋ถ€๋Š” ์‹œ๋ถ€๋ชจ์˜ ์ง‘ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์œ—์ธต์— ์‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค.
Mr. and Mrs. Kim live just above the in-laws' house.

๊ณต์ค‘๋ณ€์†Œ

gongjungbyeonso
public restroom
์šฉ๋ณ€์ด ๊ธ‰ํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๊ณต์ค‘๋ณ€์†Œ ์•ž์— ๊ธธ๊ฒŒ ์ค„์ง€์–ด ์„œ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค.
People who needed to relieve themselves were standing in a long line in front of a public toilet.
์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๊ณต์ค‘๋ณ€์†Œ๋ฅผ ํ•จ๋ถ€๋กœ ์ด์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ”๋žŒ์— ์•…์ทจ๊ฐ€ ๋งค์šฐ ์‹ฌํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
Because people were using public toilets carelessly, the odor was very bad.
์ด ๊ทผ์ฒ˜์— ๊ณต์ค‘๋ณ€์†Œ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋””์— ์žˆ์ฃ ?
Where is the public toilet near here?

๋Œ€์ค‘์˜ค๋ฝ

daejungorak
public entertainment
๋Œ€์ค‘์˜ค๋ฝ์„ ์ฆ๊ธฐ๋‹ค.
Enjoy popular entertainment.
์ผ๋ณธ์—์„œ ๋งŒํ™”์ฑ…์€ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ธ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๋„๋ฆฌ ์‚ฌ๋ž‘๋ฐ›๋Š” ๋Œ€์ค‘์˜ค๋ฝ์ด๋‹ค.
In Japan, comic books are popular entertainment widely loved by the general public.
์ถ•๊ตฌ ๊ฒฝ๊ธฐ ๊ด€๋žŒ์€ ์˜๊ตญ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜๋Š” ๋Œ€์ค‘์˜ค๋ฝ ์ค‘์— ํ•˜๋‚˜์ด๋‹ค.
Watching soccer matches is one of the popular pastimes that British people enjoy.

์˜ค๋ฅธ

oreun
right
์Šน๊ทœ๋Š” ์˜ค๋ฅธ ๋ฌด๋ฆŽ์„ ๋‹ค์ณ์„œ ํ•œ๋™์•ˆ ๋ชฉ๋ฐœ์„ ์งš๊ณ  ๋‹ค๋…”๋‹ค.
Seung-gyu injured his right knee and had to use crutches for a while.
์œ ๋ฏผ์ด๋Š” ์˜ค๋žœ๋งŒ์— ๋งŒ๋‚œ ์นœ๊ตฌ์™€ ์•…์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์˜ค๋ฅธ ์†๋ฐ”๋‹ฅ์„ ๋‚ด๋ฐ€์—ˆ๋‹ค.
Yumin held out his right palm to shake hands with a friend he hadn't seen in a long time.
์–ผ๋งˆ ์ „์— ์˜ค๋ฅธ ์†๋ชฉ์„ ๋‹ค์ณ์„œ ์•„๋ฌด๊ฒƒ๋„ ๋ชป ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด.
I recently injured my right wrist, so I can't do anything.

์˜ค๋ฅธ์†์žก์ด

oreunsonjabi
right-hander
์˜ค๋ฅธ์†์žก์ด์ธ ์œ ๋ฏผ์ด๋Š” ์™ผ์†์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ์•„์˜ˆ ๊ธ€์”จ๋ฅผ ์“ฐ์ง€ ๋ชปํ•œ๋‹ค.
Yumin, who is right-handed, cannot write with his left hand at all.
์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ ์šฉํ’ˆ๋“ค์ด ๋ชจ๋‘ ์˜ค๋ฅธ์†์žก์ด ์œ„์ฃผ๋กœ ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์–ด ์™ผ์†์žก์ด์ธ ๋ฏผ์ค€์ด๋Š” ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ๋•Œ ๋ถˆํŽธํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
Since all computer equipment was designed for right-handed users, Minjun, who is left-handed, found it difficult to use the computer.
์ € ํˆฌ์ˆ˜๋Š” ์ขŒ์™„ ํˆฌ์ˆ˜์ธ ๊ฑธ๋กœ ๋ณด์•„ ์™ผ์†์žก์ด์ธ๊ฐ€ ๋ณด๋„ค.
That pitcher is a left-handed pitcher, so I guess he is left-handed.

์˜ค๋ฅธํŽธ

oreunpyeon
right
์˜ค๋žœ ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ํ•œ ๋ฏผ์ค€์ด๋Š” ์˜ค๋ฅธํŽธ ํŒ”๊ณผ ์–ด๊นจ์— ํ†ต์ฆ์„ ๋А๊ผˆ๋‹ค.
Minjun, who worked on the computer for a long time, felt pain in his right arm and shoulder.
ํƒ์‹œ ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ๋Š” ์šฐํšŒ์ „์„ ํ•ด ๋‹ฌ๋ผ๋Š” ์†๋‹˜์˜ ๋ง์„ ๋“ฃ๊ณ  ํ•ธ๋“ค์„ ์˜ค๋ฅธํŽธ์œผ๋กœ ๊บพ์—ˆ๋‹ค.
The taxi driver turned the steering wheel to the right after hearing the customer ask him to turn right.
์–ด๋ฆฐ์ด ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„, ๊ณ„๋‹จ์„ ์ด์šฉํ•  ๋•Œ๋Š” ์–ด๋А ์ชฝ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฑธ์–ด์•ผ ํ•˜์ง€์š”?
Children, which way should you walk when using the stairs?

์ดˆ์ 

chojeom
issue; problem
์ตœ๊ทผ ๊ฒฝ์ œ ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ๋‰ด์Šค์˜ ์ดˆ์ ์ด ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค.
Recently, economic issues have become the focus of world news.
ํ•™๊ต๋Š” ๊ณต๋ถ€๋งŒ ์ž˜ํ•˜๋Š” ์•„์ด๋ณด๋‹ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ ๋จ๋จ์ด๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ–์ถ”์–ด์ง„ ์•„์ด๋ฅผ ๊ธธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚ด๋Š” ๋ฐ ์ดˆ์ ์„ ๋‘์–ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค.
Schools should focus on raising children with good character rather than children who are good at studying.
์œ ๋ฏผ์ด๋Š” ๊ฐ€๋” ์—‰๋šฑํ•œ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์ž˜ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ˆ?
Doesnโ€™t Yumin say strange things sometimes?

๊ตฌ์„ธ๋Œ€

gusedae
old generation
๊ตฌ์„ธ๋Œ€์ธ ๋‚˜๋Š” ์ Š์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค๊ณผ ์ข…์ข… ์„ธ๋Œ€ ์ฐจ์ด๋ฅผ ๋А๋‚€๋‹ค.
As a member of the older generation, I often feel a generation gap with younger people.
์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ถ€๋ชจ๋‹˜์€ ์™„์ „ํžˆ ๊ตฌ์„ธ๋Œ€์ด์…”์„œ ๋‚˜๋ฅผ ์ „ํ˜€ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜์‹ ๋‹ค.
My parents are completely old generation and don't understand me at all.
๋‚˜๋Š” ์š”์ฆ˜ ๋…ธ๋ž˜๋Š” ์•„๋Š” ๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋„ ์—†์–ด.
I don't know any songs these days.

์ˆ™๋ฐ•๋ถ€

sukppakppu
guest register; guest book
๋‚˜๋Š” ํ˜ธํ…” ์ˆ™๋ฐ•๋ถ€์— ์ด๋ฆ„์„ ์ ๊ณ  ๋ฐฉ ์—ด์‡ ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์•˜๋‹ค.
I wrote my name down in the hotel lodging department and received a room key.
์ˆ™๋ฐ•๋ถ€์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๋‚จ์ž์˜ ์ด๋ฆ„๊ณผ ์ฃผ์†Œ๋Š” ๋ชจ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์งœ์ž„์ด ๋ฐํ˜€์กŒ๋‹ค.
It turned out that the name and address of the man in the lodging department were all fake.
์ˆ™๋ฐ•๋ถ€๋ฅผ ๋‹ฌ๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•˜๋Š” ์ด์œ ๊ฐ€ ๋ญ์ฃ ?
Why are you asking for accommodation?

์šฐ์ธก

ucheuk
right; right side
์‹œ๊ณ„์˜ ๋ฐ”๋Š˜์€ ํ•ญ์ƒ ์šฐ์ธก ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์œผ๋กœ ๋ˆ๋‹ค.
The hands of a clock always turn to the right.
ํ•™๊ต ์ •๋ฌธ์—์„œ ์šฐ์ธก์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐฑ ๋ฏธํ„ฐ์ฏค ๊ฑธ์–ด์˜ค๋ฉด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์ง‘์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค.
Our house is about a hundred meters to the right from the school's main gate.
์Šน๊ทœ์˜ ์ฐจ ์˜ค๋ฅธ์ชฝ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ด ๋ฒฝ์— ๊ธํ˜€์„œ ์šฐ์ธก ๋ชจ์„œ๋ฆฌ์— ์ž๊ตญ์ด ๋‚จ์•˜๋‹ค.
The right side of Seung-gyu's car was scratched against the wall, leaving a mark on the right corner.

์šฐํšŒ์ „

uhoejeon
right turn
์ด ๊ต์ฐจ๋กœ๋Š” ์ขŒํšŒ์ „์€ ์•ˆ ๋˜๊ณ  ์šฐํšŒ์ „๋งŒ ๋œ๋‹ค.
This intersection does not allow left turns, only right turns.
์šด์ „๊ธฐ์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ ์ง€์‹œ๋“ฑ์„ ์ผœ์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ์šฐํšŒ์ „์„ ํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
The driver turned right without turning on the turn signal.
๋‹ค๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๊ฑด๋„Œ ๋‹ค์Œ์— ์šฐํšŒ์ „์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
Do you turn right after crossing the bridge?

์šฐํšŒ์ „ํ•˜๋‹ค

uhoejeonhada
turn right
๊ต์ฐจ๋กœ์—์„œ ์ฐจ๋“ค์ด ์šฐํšŒ์ „ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค.
Cars are turning right at the intersection.
์ด๊ณณ์—์„œ๋Š” ์šฐํšŒ์ „ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ง์ง„๋งŒ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.
Here you can only turn right or go straight.
์ด์ œ ์–ด๋””๋กœ ๊ฐ€๋ฉด ๋ผ?
Where should I go now?

์ขŒ์šฐ

jwau
left and right
๊ธฐ๋Ÿฌ๊ธฐ๋Š” ์ขŒ์šฐ ๋‚ ๊ฐœ๋ฅผ ํž˜์ฐจ๊ฒŒ ํŽผ์ณ ํ•˜๋Š˜๋กœ ๋‚ ์•„๊ฐ”๋‹ค.
The wild goose spread its left and right wings vigorously and flew into the sky.
์–ด๋จธ๋‹ˆ์˜ ๋ฌป๋Š” ๋ง์— ๋ฏผ์ค€์ด๋Š” ๊ณ ๊ฐœ๋ฅผ ์ขŒ์šฐ๋กœ ํ”๋“ค์—ˆ๋‹ค.
In response to his motherโ€™s question, Minjun shook his head left and right.
์ขŒ์šฐ ๋‚ ๊ฐœ.
Left and right wings.

๋ฏผ์ฃผ์ฃผ์˜

minjujuui
democracy
๋ฏผ์ฃผ์ฃผ์˜์˜ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์›์น™์€ ๋‹ค์ˆ˜๊ฒฐ์ด๋‹ค.
The most important principle of democracy is majority rule.
๋Œ€ํ•œ๋ฏผ๊ตญ์€ ๋ฏผ์ฃผ์ฃผ์˜๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์œผ๋กœ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ตญ๊ฐ€์ด๋‹ค.
South Korea is a country based on democracy.
๋ฏผ์ฃผ์ฃผ์˜๋Š” ๋ง ๊ทธ๋Œ€๋กœ ๊ตญ๋ฏผ์ด ๊ถŒ๋ ฅ์˜ ์ฃผ์ธ์ด ๋˜๊ณ  ๋‚˜๋ผ์˜ ์ฃผ์ธ์ด ๋˜๋Š” ์ •์น˜๋ฅผ ์˜๋ฏธํ•œ๋‹ค.
Democracy literally means politics in which the people become the masters of power and the masters of the country.

๊ถŒ๋ฆฌ

gwolli
right; authority; power
ํ‰๋“ฑ๊ถŒ๊ณผ ์ž์œ ๊ถŒ์€ ํ—Œ๋ฒ•์— ๋ณด์žฅ๋œ ๊ตญ๋ฏผ์˜ ๊ถŒ๋ฆฌ์ด๋‹ค.
The right to equality and freedom are human rights guaranteed by the Constitution.
๋ฏผ์ฃผ์ฃผ์˜ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€์—์„œ๋Š” ํˆฌํ‘œ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ๊ตญ๋ฏผ์˜ ๊ถŒ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ํ–‰์‚ฌํ•œ๋‹ค.
In a democratic country, citizens exercise their rights through voting.
์ž์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ๋ถ€์—ฌ๋œ ์˜๋ฌด๋ฅผ ๋‹คํ•  ๋•Œ ๋น„๋กœ์†Œ ์ž์‹ ์˜ ๊ถŒ๋ฆฌ๋„ ์ฃผ์žฅํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค.
Only when you fulfill the duties assigned to you can you claim your rights.

๊ณต๊ณต์šฉ์ง€

gonggongyongji
public land
์‹œ์—์„œ๋Š” ๋ฒ„๋ ค์ง„ ๋•…์„ ๊ณต๊ณต์šฉ์ง€๋กœ ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ณต์›์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ๋‹ค.
The city created a park to utilize abandoned land as public space.
์ •๋ถ€๋Š” ๋นŒ๋”ฉ ์•ž ๊ณต๊ณต์šฉ์ง€๋ฅผ ์‹œ๋ฏผ๋“ค์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋ฌธํ™” ๊ณต๊ฐ„์œผ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ธฐ๋กœ ํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
The government decided to turn the public space in front of the building into a cultural space for citizens.
์ด ๊ฑด๋ฌผ์„ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ๋งค์ž…ํ–ˆ๋Œ€.
The government purchased this building.

๊ฐ€์น˜๊ด€

gachigwan
values
๋‚˜๋Š” ๋ด‰์‚ฌ ํ™œ๋™์„ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์‚ถ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์น˜๊ด€์ด ํฌ๊ฒŒ ๋ฐ”๋€Œ์—ˆ๋‹ค.
Since I started volunteer work, my values โ€‹โ€‹about life have changed significantly.
๋ถ€๋ชจ๊ฐ€ ์ž˜๋ชป๋œ ๊ฐ€์น˜๊ด€์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉด ์•„์ด๋„ ์ž˜๋ชป๋œ ์ƒ๊ฐ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์‰ฝ๋‹ค.
If parents have wrong values, it is easy for children to have wrong thoughts as well.
์–ด์ œ ๋งŒ๋‚œ ๋‚จ์ž ์–ด๋• ์–ด?
How was the guy you met yesterday?

์ •์น˜

jeongchi
politics
ํ•œ๊ตญ์€ ๋ฏผ์ฃผ์ฃผ์˜๋ผ๋Š” ์ •์น˜ ์ด๋…์„ ํ† ๋Œ€๋กœ ํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ตญ๋ฏผ์ด ์ง์ ‘ ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น์„ ์„ ์ถœํ•œ๋‹ค.
In Korea, the people directly elect the president based on the political ideology of democracy.
๋ฐ• ๊ต์ˆ˜๋Š” ํ•œ ๋‚˜๋ผ์˜ ์ •์น˜๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ์ „ํ•˜๋ ค๋ฉด ๊ตญ๋ฏผ๋“ค์˜ ๊ด€์‹ฌ๊ณผ ์ฐธ์—ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋†’์•„์ ธ์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ฃผ์žฅํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
Professor Park argued that for a country's politics to develop, people's interest and participation must increase.
๊ทธ ๊ตญํšŒ ์˜์›์€ ์™œ ๊ฒ€์ฐฐ์˜ ์กฐ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€?
Why is that member of the National Assembly under investigation by the prosecution?

์ •์น˜์ธ

jeongchiin
politician
๊ฑฐ๋ฌผ ์ •์น˜์ธ.
Big politician.
์•ผ๋‹น ์ •์น˜์ธ.
Opposition politician.
์—ฌ๋‹น ์ •์น˜์ธ.
ruling party politician.

์ •์น˜์ 

jeongchijeok
being political
๊ทธ๋Š” ์ด๋ฒˆ ๊ตญํšŒ ์˜์› ์„ ๊ฑฐ์— ๋‹น์„ ๋˜์–ด ์ •์น˜์ ์ธ ์ž…์ง€๋ฅผ ๋‹ค์กŒ๋‹ค.
He was elected in this National Assembly election and solidified his political standing.
๊ทธ ๋‚˜๋ผ๋Š” ์ฃผ๋ณ€ ๋‚˜๋ผ๋“ค๊ณผ ๊ฐˆ๋“ฑ์„ ์ผ์œผํ‚ค์ง€ ์•Š๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ •์น˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ค‘๋ฆฝ์„ ์„ ์–ธํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
The country declared itself politically neutral in order to avoid conflict with its neighbors.
์ •์น˜์ ์ธ ๋‚ด์šฉ.
Political content.

์ •์น˜ํ•˜๋‹ค

jeongchihada
practice politics
์ •์น˜ํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค.
People in politics.
๋ฐ”๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ์ •์น˜ํ•˜๋‹ค.
Do politics correctly.
์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ์‚ฌํšŒ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋กœ์žก๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ์ •์น˜ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค.
In order to correct various social problems, we must conduct politics correctly.

๊ฐœ๊ตญ

gaeguk
country; nation (counter)
์ด๋ฒˆ ๊ตญ์ œํšŒ์˜์—๋Š” ์•„์‹œ์•„ ์—ด์„ธ ๊ฐœ๊ตญ์ด ์ฐธ๊ฐ€ํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
Thirteen Asian countries participated in this international conference.
์„ธ๊ณ„ ๊ฒŒ์ž„ ๋ฐ•๋žŒํšŒ์— ์œก์‹ญ์—ฌ ๊ฐœ๊ตญ์˜ ๊ฒŒ์ž„ ํšŒ์‚ฌ๋“ค์ด ์ฐธ์—ฌํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
Game companies from over 60 countries participated in the World Game Expo.
์‚ผ ๊ฐœ๊ตญ์˜ ์–ธ์–ด.
Three languages.

๊ณต๊ฐœ๋˜๋‹ค

gonggaedoeda
be made public
์œ ๋ช…ํ•œ ํ™”๊ฐ€์˜ ์ˆจ๊ฒจ์ง„ ์ž‘ํ’ˆ๋“ค์ด ๊ณต๊ฐœ๋˜์ž ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๋ชจ์˜€๋‹ค.
Many people gathered as hidden works by famous painters were revealed.
์œ ๋ช… ์—ฐ์˜ˆ์ธ์˜ ์—ด์•  ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ด ์ธํ„ฐ๋„ท ๋‰ด์Šค์— ๊ณต๊ฐœ๋˜์–ด ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๋†€๋ผ์›Œํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
Many people were surprised when a famous celebrity's romantic relationship was revealed on internet news.
๊น€ ๋Œ€๋ฆฌ๋ž‘ ์œ ๋ฏผ ์”จ๋ž‘ ๋ถ€๋ถ€๋ผ๋ฉฐ? ์ง„์งœ ๋†€๋ž์–ด.
Are you saying Assistant Manager Kim and Yoo Min are a couple? I was really surprised.

๋Œ€๊ณต์›

daegongwon
large public park
์„œ์šธ ๋Œ€๊ณต์›.
Seoul Grand Park.
์–ด๋ฆฐ์ด ๋Œ€๊ณต์›.
Children's Grand Park.
๋Œ€๊ณต์› ์ž…๊ตฌ.
Entrance to the Grand Park.

๋Œ€๋ฆฝ

daerip
opposition; confrontation; conflict
์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์˜ ๋Œ€๋ฆฝ๊ณผ ๊ฐˆ๋“ฑ์„ ์กฐ์ ˆํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋ฒ•์ด ์กด์žฌํ•œ๋‹ค.
Laws exist to regulate people's confrontations and conflicts.
์ง€์ˆ˜ ๋ถ€๋ถ€๋Š” ๋ง์‹ธ์›€์œผ๋กœ ์‹œ์ž‘๋œ ๋Œ€๋ฆฝ์ด ์‹ฌํ•ด์ ธ ์ข€์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ํ™”ํ•ดํ•  ์ค„์„ ๋ชฐ๋ž๋‹ค.
The Jisoo couple's confrontation, which started as an argument, became so severe that they hardly ever knew how to reconcile.
ํฐ์ผ์ด์•ผ. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด ํฌ๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜๋ˆ ์กŒ๋„ค.
It's a big deal. Opinions are greatly divided.

๋ฌธํ™”์žฌ

munhwajae
cultural asset; cultural property
๋ฌธํ™”์žฌ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ.
Cultural property management.

๊ฒฌํ•ด

gyeonhae
view; opinion; viewpoint
ํšŒ์˜์—์„œ ์‹ ์ œํ’ˆ ํ™๋ณด์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ฒฌํ•ด๋ฅผ ์ž์œ ๋กญ๊ฒŒ ๋ฐํ˜€ ๋ณด๊ธฐ๋กœ ํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
At the meeting, we decided to freely express our views on promoting new products.
๊ฐˆ๋“ฑ์ด ์ƒ๊ฒผ์„ ๋•Œ์—๋Š” ๋Œ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด์„œ ๊ฒฌํ•ด์˜ ์ฐจ์ด๋ฅผ ์ขํ˜€ ๋‚˜๊ฐ”์œผ๋ฉด ์ข‹๊ฒ ๋‹ค.
When conflict arises, I hope that differences of opinion can be narrowed through dialogue.
์ง€๊ธˆ์˜ ๊ต์œก ์ œ๋„๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๊พธ์–ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ •์œ ๋ฏผ ์”จ์˜ ์˜๊ฒฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ํ•œ ๋ง์”€ ํ•ด ์ฃผ์‹œ์ฃ .
Please tell us a word about Yumin Jeongโ€™s opinion that the current education system needs to be changed.

์„ ๊ฑฐ

seongeo
election
์˜ค๋Š˜์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ฐ˜์˜ ๋ฐ˜์žฅ ์„ ๊ฑฐ๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋Š” ๋‚ ์ด๋‹ค.
Today is the day of our class president election.
์„ ๊ฑฐ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ, ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ๊ณผ๋ฐ˜์ˆ˜์˜ ์ง€์ง€๋ฅผ ์–ป์–ด ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น์— ๋‹น์„ ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค.
As a result of the election, he was elected president with majority support.
๋‹ค์Œ ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น ์„ ๊ฑฐ๋Š” ์–ธ์ œ ์žˆ์–ด์š”?
When is the next presidential election?

๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๊ฒŒ

geureoge
right; I know; yeah
์ Š์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ์ฐธ ๋”ฑํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋์–ด.
I feel really sorry for the young man.
๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๊ฒŒ, ์–ด๋ฆฐ ๋‚˜์ด์— ๋ถ€๋ชจ๋ฅผ ๋‹ค ์žƒ์—ˆ์œผ๋‹ˆ.
Well, I lost both my parents at a young age.
์–ด์ œ ๋ณธ ์˜ํ™”๋Š” ์ •๋ง ์žฌ๋ฏธ์žˆ์—ˆ์–ด.
The movie I saw yesterday was really fun.

๊ณต๊ณต์งˆ์„œ

gonggongjilseo
public order
๊ณต๊ณต์žฅ์†Œ์—์„œ ์นจ์„ ๋ฑ‰๋Š” ๋“ฑ์˜ ํ–‰์œ„๋Š” ๊ณต๊ณต์งˆ์„œ๋ฅผ ์œ„๋ฐ˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค.
Acts such as spitting in public places violate public order.
๋‚˜๋Š” ๋ฒ„์Šค๋ฅผ ํƒˆ ๋•Œ ์ˆœ์„œ๋Œ€๋กœ ์ค„์„ ์„œ์„œ ํƒ€๋Š” ๋“ฑ ๊ณต๊ณต์งˆ์„œ๋ฅผ ์ž˜ ์ง€ํ‚จ๋‹ค.
When I board the bus, I keep public order, such as standing in line and boarding the bus in an orderly manner.
๊ธธ์—์„œ ๋‹ด๋ฐฐ๋ฅผ ํ”ผ์šฐ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ๋ณด๋ฉด ์–ด๋–ค ์ƒ๊ฐ์ด ๋“œ์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?
What do you think when you see someone smoking on the street?

์„œํด

seokeul
club; society; group
์นœ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๋งŽ์ด ์‚ฌ๊ท€๋ ค๋ฉด ์„œํด์— ๊ฐ€์ž…ํ•˜์—ฌ ํ™œ๋™์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ํŽธ์ด ์ข‹๋‹ค.
If you want to make a lot of friends, it is better to join a circle and participate in activities.
์šฐ๋ฆฌ ํ•™๊ต์˜ ๋ฌธํ•™ ์„œํด์€ ์„ ํ›„๋ฐฐ ์‚ฌ์ด์˜ ๋ˆ๋ˆํ•œ ์ •์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ์ „ํ†ต ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ชจ์ž„์ด๋‹ค.
Our school's literature circle is a long-established group with a strong bond between seniors and juniors.
๋„ˆ๋Š” ๋ฌด์Šจ ์„œํด์— ๊ฐ€์ž…ํ–ˆ์–ด?
What circle did you join?

์„ธ๋Œ€

sedae
generation
ํ•œ ์„ธ๋Œ€ ์ด์ „๋งŒ ํ•ด๋„ ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ ์‚ฌ์šฉ์ด ๋ณดํŽธํ™”๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค.
Even a generation ago, computer use was not widespread.
์ง€์ˆ˜๋Š” ํ• ๋จธ๋‹ˆ์™€ ๋‘ ์„ธ๋Œ€ ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜๋Š”๋ฐ๋„ ๋ง์ด ์ž˜ ํ†ตํ•œ๋‹ค.
Even though Jisoo and her grandmother are two generations apart, they communicate well.
๋‹ค์Œ ์„ธ๋Œ€.
Next generation.

์‹ ์„ธ๋Œ€

sinsedae
new generation; young generation
์‹ ์„ธ๋Œ€๋“ค์€ ์ง์žฅ์—์„œ ์ž์‹ ์˜ ์ƒ๊ฐ์„ ๊ฑฐ์นจ์—†์ด ๋งํ•˜๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•œ๋‹ค.
The new generation often speaks out their thoughts at work.
์œ ํ–‰์— ๋ฏผ๊ฐํ•œ ์‹ ์„ธ๋Œ€๋“ค์€ ๊ฐœ์„ฑ ์žˆ๋Š” ์˜ท์ฐจ๋ฆผ์„ ์ข‹์•„ํ•œ๋‹ค.
The new generation, which is sensitive to fashion, likes unique clothing.
์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์•„๋ฒ„์ง€๋Š” ํ™˜๊ฐ‘์ด ๋„˜์œผ์…จ์ง€๋งŒ ์š”์ฆ˜ ์ธ๊ธฐ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฐ€์ˆ˜๋“ค์„ ๋‹ค ์•„์…”.
My father is over 60 years old, but he knows all the popular singers these days.

๊ณต๋™์ฒด

gongdongche
community
๊ทธ๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฐ™์€ ์กฐ์ƒ์˜ ํ”ผ๋ฅผ ์ด์–ด๋ฐ›์€ ๋ฏผ์กฑ ๊ณต๋™์ฒด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
He said that we are an ethnic community descended from the same ancestors.
์š”์ฆ˜ ์ Š์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ๊ณต๋™์ฒด ์˜์‹์ด ์—†์–ด์„œ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ๋ฐฐ๋ คํ•  ์ค„ ๋ชจ๋ฅธ๋‹ค.
Young people these days don't have a sense of community, so they don't know how to be considerate of others.
์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ฃฝ์–ด๋„ ๊ฐ™์ด ์ฃฝ๊ณ  ์‚ด์•„๋„ ๊ฐ™์ด ์‚ด์•„์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค!
Even if we die, we must live together even if we die and live together!

๋‹จ์ฒด

danche
group; society; association
ํšŒ์‚ฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ์ง์›๋“ค์ด ์–ด๋–ค ๋‹จ์ฒด๋ฅผ ์กฐ์งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ฒฝ๊ณ„ํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
The company was wary of employees forming any groups.
์šฐ๋ฆฌ ํŒ€์—๋Š” ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์‹์‚ฌ๋„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์—ฌํ–‰๋„ ๊ฐ€๋Š” ์นœ๋ชฉ ๋‹จ์ฒด๊ฐ€ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฟ ์žˆ๋‹ค.
There are several friendly groups on our team that we eat together and travel with.
๋ด‰์‚ฌ ๋ชจ์ž„์„ ํ•˜๋‚˜ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€๋ฐ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์•ผ ๋˜์ง€?
I want to start a volunteer group, what should I do?

์‚ฌํšŒ๋‹จ์ฒด

sahoedanche
social group; social organization
์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ์‚ฌํšŒ๋‹จ์ฒด๋“ค์ด ๊ณต์ง์ž ๋น„๋ฆฌ ์ˆ˜์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ด‰๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ  ๋‚˜์„ฐ๋‹ค.
Several social groups have called for an investigation into public official corruption.
์ด๋ฒˆ ์—ฐ์ฐฌํšŒ์—๋Š” ์ •๋‹น๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๋ถ„์•ผ์˜ ์‚ฌํšŒ๋‹จ์ฒด์—์„œ๋„ ์ฐธ์—ฌํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
Not only political parties but also social organizations from various fields participated in this seminar.
์ด ๋‹จ์ฒด๋Š” ๋ฌด์Šจ ์ผ์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณณ์ด์ฃ ?
What does this organization do?

์—ฌํƒ•

yeotang
women's section of a public bath house
์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋™๋„ค ๋ชฉ์š•ํƒ•์€ ๋‚จํƒ•๋ณด๋‹ค ์—ฌํƒ•์— ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ๋” ๋งŽ์•˜๋‹ค.
At the public bathhouse in our neighborhood, there were more people in the women's bath than in the men's bath.
์ง€์ˆ˜๋Š” ๋งค์ฃผ ํ† ์š”์ผ๋งˆ๋‹ค ์—ฌ๋™์ƒ๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์—ฌํƒ•์— ๊ฐ€์„œ ๋ชฉ์š•์„ ํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
Every Saturday, Jisoo went to the womenโ€™s bathhouse with her younger sister and took a bath.
๋ชฉ์š•ํƒ• ์—ฌํƒ•.
Bathhouse womenโ€™s bath.

๋‚จํƒ•

namtang
men's section of a public bath house
ํ˜•์€ ์•„๋ฒ„์ง€์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด ๋‚จํƒ•์œผ๋กœ ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ€ ๋”ฐ๋œปํ•œ ๋ฌผ์— ๋ชธ์„ ๋‹ด๊ฐ”๋‹ค.
My older brother went into the men's bathhouse with my father and soaked in the warm water.
๊ทธ ๋‚จ์ž๋Š” ๋‚จํƒ•์— ๋“ค์–ด์„œ์ž๋งˆ์ž ๋ชธ์„ ๋‹ฆ๊ณ  ๋จธ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
As soon as the man entered the men's bath, he began cleaning himself and washing his hair.
๋‚จํƒ• ์ž…๊ตฌ.
Entrance to the menโ€™s bathhouse.

์ƒํ’ˆ์„ฑ

sangpumseong
commercial value
๋”ธ๊ธฐ๋Š” ์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ๋ฌผ๋Ÿฌ์ง€๋Š” ๊ณผ์ผ๋กœ ํ•˜๋ฃจ๋งŒ ์ง€๋‚˜๋„ ๊ทธ ์ƒํ’ˆ์„ฑ์ด ๋–จ์–ด์ง„๋‹ค.
Strawberries are fruits that easily become brittle and lose their marketability after just one day.
ํ’ˆ์งˆ์ด ์šฐ์ˆ˜ํ•œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋‚˜๋ผ์˜ ์ž๋™์ฐจ๋Š” ์ƒํ’ˆ์„ฑ์ด ๋›ฐ์–ด๋‚˜ ํ•ด์™ธ์—์„œ๋„ ์ž˜ ํŒ”๋ฆฐ๋‹ค.
Our country's high-quality cars have excellent marketability and sell well overseas.
์ด๋ฒˆ์— ์ถœ์‹œํ•œ ์‹ ์ œํ’ˆ์€ ํŒ๋งค ์‹ค์ ์ด ์–ด๋•Œ?
How are the sales performance of the new product launched this time?

์ „๊ตญ

jeonguk
the entire nation
๋‚ด์ผ์€ ์ „๊ตญ์ด ๋Œ€์ฒด๋กœ ๋ง‘๊ฒ ๊ณ  ๊ฐ€๋”์”ฉ ๊ตฌ๋ฆ„์ด ๋ผ๋Š” ์ง€์—ญ๋„ ์žˆ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
Tomorrow it will be mostly clear across the country, with occasional clouds in some areas.
๋ฐฉ์†ก์„ ๋ณด๊ณ  ์ „๊ตญ ๊ฐ์ง€์—์„œ ์˜ฌ๋ผ์˜จ ๊ฐ€์ˆ˜ ์ง€๋ง์ƒ๋“ค์ด ๋ฐฉ์†ก๊ตญ์œผ๋กœ ๋ชฐ๋ ธ๋‹ค.
After watching the broadcast, aspiring singers from all over the country flocked to the broadcasting station.
์š”์ฆ˜์€ ์ธํ„ฐ๋„ท์ด ์ž˜ ๋ณด๊ธ‰๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์–ด์„œ ์ „๊ตญ ์–ด๋””์—์„œ๋‚˜ ์ธํ„ฐ๋„ท์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.
Nowadays, the Internet is well distributed, so you can use the Internet anywhere in the country.

๋งˆ๊ฐ์ผ

magamil
deadline
๋งˆ๊ฐ์ผ์ด ๋‹ค๊ฐ€์˜ค๋‹ค.
Deadline is approaching.
๋งˆ๊ฐ์ผ์ด ์ง€๋‚˜๋‹ค.
The deadline has passed.
๋งˆ๊ฐ์ผ์„ ๋„˜๊ธฐ๋‹ค.
miss the deadline

๊ฐœ์ธ์ฐจ

gaeincha
difference among individuals
์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜์€ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์˜ ๊ฐœ์ธ์ฐจ๋ฅผ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•ด ๊ฐ๊ฐ์˜ ์ˆ˜์ค€์— ๋งž๋Š” ๊ณผ์ œ๋ฅผ ๋‚ด์ฃผ์—ˆ๋‹ค.
The teacher took into account each student's individual differences and assigned tasks appropriate for each level.
ํ‚ค๊ฐ€ ์ž๋ผ๋Š” ์‹œ๊ธฐ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋งˆ๋‹ค ๊ฐœ์ธ์ฐจ๊ฐ€ ์‹ฌํ•ด์„œ ์–ธ์ œ๋ผ๊ณ  ์ •ํ™•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋‹ค.
The timing of height growth varies greatly from person to person, so it is impossible to say exactly when.
์น˜๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์œผ๋ฉด ํ”ผ๋ถ€๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ์ด ์ข‹์•„์งˆ๊นŒ์š”?
Will my skin improve much after receiving treatment?

์ผ์ฐจ

ilcha
being the first; being primary
๋น„๋งŒ์˜ ์ผ์ฐจ ์›์ธ์€ ๋ฐ”๋žŒ์งํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•œ ์‹์Šต๊ด€์— ์žˆ๋‹ค.
The primary cause of obesity is undesirable eating habits.
์ด ์ผ์˜ ์ผ์ฐจ ์ฑ…์ž„์€ ์‹ค์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์—๊ฒŒ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ชจ๋‘ ์ฑ…์ž„์„ ๋А๊ปด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค.
The primary responsibility for this lies with the person who made the mistake, but we all must feel responsible.
์ผ์ฐจ ๋ชฉ์ .
Primary purpose.

์ฐจ์ด

chai
difference
์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์•„๋ฒ„์ง€์™€ ์–ด๋จธ๋‹ˆ๋Š” ๋ฌด๋ ค ์—ด ์‚ด์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋‚˜์ด ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ๋‚œ๋‹ค.
My father and mother have an age difference of ten years.
์ง€์ˆ˜์™€ ์Šน๊ทœ๋Š” ์„ฑ๊ฒฉ ์ฐจ์ด๋ฅผ ๊ทน๋ณตํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๊ณ  ํ—ค์–ด์ง€๊ณ  ๋ง์•˜๋‹ค.
Jisoo and Seunggyu were unable to overcome their personality differences and broke up.
๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์™€ ํฐ ์ž…์žฅ ์ฐจ์ด๋ฅผ ๋ณด์ด๋Š” ๋ฐ”๋žŒ์— ํšŒ์˜๊ฐ€ ์˜ˆ์ƒ ์™ธ๋กœ ๊ธธ์–ด์กŒ๋‹ค.
The meeting took longer than expected because they had a big difference in position with us.

์ฐจ์ด์ 

chaijeom
difference
๊ทธ ์ง‘ ์Œ๋‘ฅ์ด๋Š” ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋‹ฎ์•„์„œ ์ฐจ์ด์ ์„ ์ฐพ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋ ต๋‹ค.
The twins are so similar that it is difficult to find the differences.
๋ถ„ํ™์ƒ‰๊ณผ ํ•‘ํฌ์ƒ‰์€ ๋ง๋งŒ ๋‹ค๋ฅผ ๋ฟ ์ƒ‰์—๋Š” ์ฐจ์ด์ ์ด ์—†๋‹ค.
Pink and pink only have different words, but there is no difference in color.
์ฐจ์ด์ ์„ ๋‚˜์—ดํ•˜๋‹ค.
List the differences.

๋ณ„๋„

byeoldo
separate one; extra one
์ •๋ถ€์˜ ๋ณ„๋„ ์ง€์›์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค.
Separate support from the government is needed.
๊ทธ ์„œ๋น„์Šค๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•˜๋ ค๋ฉด ๋ณ„๋„์˜ ์š”๊ธˆ์„ ๋‚ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค.
You must pay a separate fee to use that service.
๋ฏผ์ค€์ด๋Š” ํ•™๊ต์—์„œ ๋ฐ›๋Š” ์ˆ˜์—…๊ณผ๋Š” ๋ณ„๋„๋กœ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๊ฐœ์˜ ๊ณผ์™ธ ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ฐ›๋Š”๋‹ค.
Minjun takes several extra classes separate from the classes he takes at school.

๋ณดํ˜ธ

boho
protection
์œ„ํ—˜ํ•œ ์ž‘์—…์„ ํ•  ๋•Œ์—๋Š” ๋‹ค์น˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ฒŒ ๋ณดํ˜ธ ์žฅ๋น„๋ฅผ ๋ฐ˜๋“œ์‹œ ์ฐฉ์šฉํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค.
When performing dangerous work, you must wear protective equipment to avoid injury.
๋…ธ๋™์ž๋“ค์˜ ๊ถŒ๋ฆฌ ๋ณดํ˜ธ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊น€ ์‚ฌ์žฅ์€ ํ•˜๋ฃจ ์—ด ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ์ด์ƒ ๊ทผ๋ฌดํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ธˆ์ง€์‹œ์ผฐ๋‹ค.
To protect workers' rights, President Kim banned workers from working more than ten hours a day.
์ด ๋ณ‘์‹ค์€ ์ถœ์ž… ๊ธˆ์ง€๋ผ๊ณ  ์“ฐ์—ฌ ์žˆ๋„ค?
Does it say that this hospital room is off-limits?

์†Œ๊ทน์ 

sogeukjjeok
being passive
์œ ๋ฏผ์ด๋Š” ์•„์ด๋“ค ์•ž์— ๋‚˜์„œ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๊บผ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์†Œ๊ทน์ ์ธ ํ•™์ƒ์ด๋‹ค.
Yumin is a passive student who is reluctant to appear in front of children.
๋ฏผ์ค€์ด๋Š” ๋งค์‚ฌ์— ์†Œ๊ทน์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ–‰๋™ํ•˜๋Š” ์„ฑ๊ฒฉ์„ ๊ณ ์น˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋™ํ˜ธํšŒ ํ™œ๋™๋„ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๊ณ  ์šด๋™๋„ ๊พธ์ค€ํžˆ ๋‹ค๋‹ˆ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค.
In order to overcome his passive behavior in everything, Minjun has started participating in club activities and exercising regularly.
์†Œ๊ทน์ ์ธ ๋ฐฉ์‹.
Passive way.

์กฐ๊ฑด

jogeon
condition
์˜ฌํ•ด๋Š” ๊ธฐํ›„์  ์กฐ๊ฑด์ด ์ข‹์•„์„œ ๋†์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์ฒ™ ์ž˜ ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค.
This year, because the climatic conditions were good, farming went very well.
๋‚˜๋Š” ํ˜„์‹ค์ ์ธ ์กฐ๊ฑด์„ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•ด์„œ ํ•ฉ๊ฒฉ์ด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ํ•™๊ต์— ์ง€์›ํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
I applied to schools where I could be accepted considering realistic conditions.
๋ฏผ์ค€์ด๋Š” ํ‚ค๊ฐ€ ์ปค์„œ ๋ชจ๋ธ์„ ํ•ด๋„ ๋˜๊ฒ ์–ด.
Minjun is tall so he can be a model.

ํฌ์ฆˆ

pojeu
pose
๋ชจ๋ธ ํฌ์ฆˆ.
Model pose.
์‚ฌ์ง„ ํฌ์ฆˆ.
Photo pose.
ํฌ์ฆˆ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๊พธ๋‹ค.
change pose

๊ตฌ์†

gusok
restriction; restraint
๊ณ ๋“ฑํ•™๊ต๋ฅผ ์กธ์—…ํ•˜๋‹ˆ ๋‹ต๋‹ตํ•œ ๊ตฌ์†์—์„œ ๋ฒ—์–ด๋‚œ ๊ฒƒ๋งŒ ๊ฐ™์•„ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ์ข‹๋‹ค.
I'm so happy that I graduated from high school and feel like I'm free from the suffocating constraints.
๋ถ€๋ชจ๋‹˜๊ป˜์„œ๋Š” ๋‚˜์˜ ํœด๋Œ€ํฐ์„ ๋งค์ผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๋Š” ๋“ฑ ๋‚˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ตฌ์†์ด ์‹ฌํ•˜์‹œ๋‹ค.
My parents are very restrictive towards me, checking my cell phone every day.
๋งค์ผ ์•„์นจ ์ •์žฅ ์ž…๊ธฐ ํž˜๋“ค์ฃ ?
Isn't it difficult to put on a suit every morning?

๋ฐฐ๋‹ฌ๋ถ€

baedalbu
delivery man
์ด ํ”ผ์ž ๊ฐ€๊ฒŒ์—์„œ๋Š” ํ”ผ์ž๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ๋‹ฌํ•  ๋ฐฐ๋‹ฌ๋ถ€๋ฅผ ๋ชจ์ง‘ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค.
This pizza shop is recruiting delivery workers to deliver pizza.
์ด ์Œ์‹์ ์€ ๋ฐฐ๋‹ฌ๋ถ€๋งŒ ์—ด ๋ช…์ด ๋„˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณด๋‹ˆ ์žฅ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์ž˜ ๋˜๋Š” ์ง‘์ด ๋ถ„๋ช…ํ•˜๋‹ค.
Seeing that this restaurant has more than ten delivery workers, it is clear that the business is doing well.
๋ฏผ์ค€์ด๋Š” ์•„๋ฒ„์ง€ ๊ฐ€๊ฒŒ์—์„œ ์˜คํ† ๋ฐ”์ด๋กœ ๋ฌผ๊ฑด์„ ๋ฐฐ๋‹ฌํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฐ๋‹ฌ๋ถ€ ๋…ธ๋ฆ‡์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค.
Minjun works as a delivery man at his father's store, delivering goods on a motorcycle.

์†Œ์ˆ˜

sosu
decimal
์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์–ด๋ฆผ์žก์•„์„œ ๊ณ„์‚ฐํ•  ๋•Œ๋Š” ์†Œ์ˆ˜๋Š” ์ง€์šฐ๊ณ  ๋Œ€์‹  ๋ฐ˜์˜ฌ๋ฆผ์„ ํ•ด์„œ ๊ณ„์‚ฐ์„ ํ•˜๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•œ๋‹ค.
When calculating a number, you may delete the decimal number and round it instead.
๋‚˜๋Š” ํ•™์ฐฝ ์‹œ์ ˆ ์ˆ˜ํ•™ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ํ’€ ๋•Œ ์†Œ์ˆ˜ ์ž๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๊ณ„์‚ฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋ณต์žกํ•˜๊ณ  ํž˜๋“ค์—ˆ๋‹ค.
When I was solving math problems in school, calculating decimal places was the most complicated and difficult task.
์–˜, ์ด ๊ณ„์‚ฐ์€ ํ‹€๋ ธ์œผ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋˜‘๋ฐ”๋กœ ํ•ด ์™€. ์†Œ์ˆ˜ ์ž๋ฆฌ๊นŒ์ง€ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋„ ํ‹€๋ฆผ์—†์ด. ์•Œ์•˜์–ด?
Hey, this calculation is wrong, so get it right again. Even one decimal place is definitely correct. okay?

์ˆ˜๋™์ 

sudongjeok
being passive
๊ฒฝํฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋™์•ˆ ์ˆ˜๋™์ ์ธ ์ž์„ธ์—์„œ ๋ฒ—์–ด๋‚˜ ๋Šฅ๋™์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฒŒ์ž„์— ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.
Kyunghee broke away from her passive stance and actively participated in the game.
ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์€ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜์˜ ๋ง์”€์„ ์ˆ˜๋™์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋“ฃ๊ธฐ๋งŒ ํ•˜๋Š” ํ•™์Šต์€ ํ•˜์ง€ ๋ง์•„์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค.
Students should not learn by just passively listening to the teacher.
์ˆ˜๋™์ ์ธ ๋ฉด.
Passive side.

๋ฐฐ์†ก๋น„

baesongbi
delivery fee
๋ฐ˜ํ’ˆ ๋ฐฐ์†ก๋น„.
Return shipping costs.
์ƒํ’ˆ ๋ฐฐ์†ก๋น„.
Product shipping cost.
ํƒ๋ฐฐ ๋ฐฐ์†ก๋น„.
Courier delivery fee.

๊ฐ€์ง€๊ฐ€์ง€

gajigaji
variety
๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ด์œ ๋ฅผ ๋Œ€๋ฉฐ ๋ณ€๋ช…์„ ๋Š˜์–ด๋†“๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
He started making excuses, giving various reasons.
์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ๋‹ค ์จ ๋ณด์•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์—ˆ๋‹ค.
We tried all sorts of methods, but couldn't solve the problem.
์—„๋งˆ, ์˜ค๋Š˜ ํ•™๊ต์—์„œ ์ถ•๊ตฌ ํ•˜๋‹ค๊ฐ€ ๊ต์‹ค ์ฐฝ๋ฌธ ๊นผ์–ด์š”.
Mom, I broke the classroom window while playing soccer at school today.

๊ฐ–๊ฐ€์ง€

gatkkaji
assortment; variety
์ƒ์ž์—๋Š” ์ฑ…, ์˜ท, ์ธํ˜• ๋“ฑ์˜ ๊ฐ–๊ฐ€์ง€ ์„ ๋ฌผ๊ณผ ํŽธ์ง€๊ฐ€ ๋“ค์–ด ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค.
The box contained various gifts such as books, clothes, dolls, and letters.
์˜ค๋Š˜๋„ ์ง€๊ฐ์„ ํ•œ ๊น€ ๋Œ€๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์•„ํŒ ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋‘ฅ ๊ธธ์ด ๋ง‰ํ˜”๋‹ค๋Š” ๋‘ฅ ๊ฐ–๊ฐ€์ง€ ํ•‘๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๋Œ”๋‹ค.
Assistant Manager Kim, who was late again today, made various excuses, such as being sick or the road was blocked.
๋ช…์ ˆ์ด ๋˜๋ฉด ์นœ์ฒ™๋“ค๋กœ ์ง‘์•ˆ์ด ๋ถ์ ๋Œ€์„œ ์ฐธ ์ข‹์•„์š”.
I love it when the house is crowded with relatives during the holidays.

๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€

geureochi
that's right; right
์‚ฌ์‹ค์ด ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
Isn't that true?
๋ฐ”๋น ๋„ ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋‚ด ์ƒ์ผ์„ ์žŠ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์–ด?
Even if you're busy, how can you forget my birthday?
์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜์€ ๋‚ด์ƒ‰ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•„ ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•„๊นŒ๋Š” ํ™”๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜์‹  ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•˜๋‹ค.
The teacher didn't show it, but he seemed angry earlier.

๊ฐœ๋…

gaenyeom
concept; notion
๋ฏผ์ค€์ด๋Š” ์ˆ˜ํ•™์˜ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ ๊ฐœ๋…๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์ดํ•ดํ•œ ๋’ค ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ํ’€์—ˆ๋‹ค.
Minjun understood the basic concepts of mathematics and then solved the problem.
๊น€ ๊ต์ˆ˜๋Š” ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์—์„œ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๊ฐœ๋…์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•˜์—ฌ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์ž๋“ค์˜ ๊ด€์‹ฌ์„ ๋Œ์—ˆ๋‹ค.
Professor Kim attracted the attention of researchers by introducing a new concept in his paper.
์•„์ด์—๊ฒŒ ๋ˆ์„ ์ฃผ์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์จ์•ผ ํ• ์ง€๋ฅผ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๋„ค์š”.
I gave my child money, but I don't know how to use it.

์‹ ๊ฐœ๋…

singaenyeom
new concept
์‹ ๊ฐœ๋… ์ œํ’ˆ.
A new concept product.
์‹ ๊ฐœ๋… ์ƒํ’ˆ.
A new concept product.
์‹ ๊ฐœ๋… ๊ธฐ์ˆ .
New concept technology.

๋ฐฐ์†ก

baesong
delivery
์†Œ๋น„์ž๋Š” ์ƒํ’ˆ ๋ฐฐ์†ก์ด ๋น ๋ฅด๊ณ  ์ •ํ™•ํ•œ ์ธํ„ฐ๋„ท ์ƒ์ ์„ ์„ ํ˜ธํ•œ๋‹ค.
Consumers prefer online stores that deliver fast and accurate products.
๊น€์น˜์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ƒ„์ƒˆ๊ฐ€ ์‹ฌํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜๋Š” ์Œ์‹์€ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐฐ์†ก์ด ๋ถˆ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๋‹ค.
Food with a strong odor, such as kimchi, cannot be shipped to the United States.
๊ทธ์ €๊ป˜ ์ธํ„ฐ๋„ท์œผ๋กœ ์ƒํ’ˆ์„ ์ฃผ๋ฌธํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ฒฐ์ œ๋„ ๋งˆ์ณค๋Š”๋ฐ์š”, ์ƒํ’ˆ์„ ์ •ํ™•ํžˆ ์–ธ์ œ ๋ฐ›์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
I ordered a product online the day before yesterday and completed payment. When exactly can I receive the product?

์ƒํƒœ

sangtae
condition; state
ํ• ๋จธ๋‹ˆ์˜ ๊ฑด๊ฐ• ์ƒํƒœ๊ฐ€ ํ˜ธ์ „๋˜์–ด์„œ ํ‡ด์›ํ•˜์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค.
The grandmother's health condition improved and she was able to be discharged.
๊น€ ๋Œ€๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํšŒ์‚ฌ์˜ ์žฌ์ • ์ƒํƒœ๋ฅผ ์ ๊ฒ€ํ•˜๊ณ , ํ˜„์žฌ์˜ ์ƒํ™ฉ์„ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•  ๋Œ€์ฑ…์„ ๋งˆ๋ จํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ณด๊ณ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค.
Assistant Manager Kim must inspect the company's financial status and prepare and report measures to resolve the current situation.
ํญ์„ค์ด ๋‚ด๋ ค์„œ ๋„๋กœ ์ƒํƒœ๊ฐ€ ์ข‹์ง€ ์•Š๋„ค์š”.
The roads are in bad condition due to heavy snowfall.

ํ•ด๋‹น

haedang
being relevant; being competent; being related
์ง€์ˆ˜๋Š” ํ•ด๋‹น ๊ธฐ๊ด€์— ์ฐพ์•„๊ฐ€ ์„œ๋ฅ˜๋ฅผ ๋ฐœ๊ธ‰๋ฐ›์•˜๋‹ค.
Jisoo went to the relevant institution and received documents.
์‚ฌ์—…์„ ์ถ”์ง„ํ•˜๋Š” ํ•ด๋‹น ๋ถ€์„œ์—์„œ ๊ทธ ์‚ฌ์—…์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํ™๋ณด๋„ ๋งก๊ธฐ๋กœ ํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
The department in charge of promoting the project also decided to take charge of promoting the project.
๊ทธ๊ณณ์— ๋ฐฑํ™”์ ์ด ๋“ค์–ด์„ ๋‹ค๋Š” ์†Œ์‹์ด ๋“ค๋ฆฌ์ž ํ•ด๋‹น ์ง€์—ญ ์ฃผ๋ฏผ๋“ค์€ ๋ฐ˜๊ธฐ๋Š” ๋ถ„์œ„๊ธฐ์˜€๋‹ค.
When they heard that a department store would be built there, local residents were in a welcoming mood.

์‹ ์„ธ

sinse
circumstances; condition
๋ˆ์„ ํ›”์นœ ๋„๋‘‘์€ ๊ฒฝ์ฐฐ์—๊ฒŒ ์ซ“๊ธฐ๋Š” ์‹ ์„ธ๊ฐ€ ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค.
The thief who stole the money was chased by the police.
์•„๋ฒ„์ง€๋Š” ์–ด๋ฆฐ ์‹œ์ ˆ์— ๋ถ€๋ชจ๋‹˜์„ ์žƒ๊ณ  ๊ณ ์•„๋‚˜ ๋‹ค๋ฆ„์—†๋Š” ์‹ ์„ธ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์…จ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•œ๋‹ค.
It is said that my father lost his parents when he was young and lived as an orphan.
๋ˆ๋„ ์žƒ๊ณ , ์ž์‹๋„ ์žƒ๊ณ , ์–ด์ฉŒ๋‹ค ๋‚ด ์‹ ์„ธ๊ฐ€ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ๋Š”์ง€.
I lost my money, I lost my children, and how did my situation end up like this?

์ž์„ธ

jase
posture; pose
์–ด๊นจ๋ฅผ ๊ตฌ๋ถ€๋ฆฌ์ง€ ๋ง๊ณ  ํ—ˆ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋˜‘๋ฐ”๋กœ ํŽด๊ณ  ๋ฐ”๋ฅธ ์ž์„ธ๋กœ ์•‰์œผ์„ธ์š”.
Do not bend your shoulders, but sit with your back straight and good posture.
๋‚˜๋Š” ์ž ์„ ์ž˜ ๋•Œ ์ฒœ์žฅ์„ ๋ณด๊ณ  ๋ˆ•์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ์˜†์œผ๋กœ ๋Œ์•„๋ˆ•๋Š” ์ž์„ธ๋ฅผ ์ทจํ•œ๋‹ค.
When I sleep, I do not lie down looking at the ceiling, but rather turn on my side.
์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜, ํ—ˆ๋ฆฌ ํ†ต์ฆ์˜ ์›์ธ์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ๊ฐ€์š”?
Teacher, what causes back pain?

์ „์ œ

jeonje
assumption; condition
๋‚˜๋Š” ์–ด๋–ค ์ „์ œ ์กฐ๊ฑด๋„ ๋‹ฌ์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ์นœ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๋„์™€์ฃผ๊ธฐ๋กœ ํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
I decided to help my friend without any prerequisites.
๊ณต์žฅ ๊ทผ๋กœ์ž๋“ค์€ ์‹ญ ํผ์„ผํŠธ ์ž„๊ธˆ ์ธ์ƒ์„ ์ „์ œ๋กœ ํ•œ ํŒŒ์—…์— ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ”๋‹ค.
Factory workers went on strike for a ten percent wage increase.
๊ธฐ๋ณธ ์ „์ œ.
Basic premise.

์ œ์•ˆ

jean
suggestion
์‚ฌ์žฅ๋‹˜์€ ๋‚ด ์ œ์•ˆ์„ ๋“ค์–ด ๋ณด์ง€๋„ ์•Š๊ณ  ๊ฑฐ๋ถ€ํ•˜์…จ๋‹ค.
The boss rejected my proposal without even listening to it.
์‹œ๋ฏผ์˜ ์ œ์•ˆ.
Citizen's suggestions.
ํšŒ์›์˜ ์ œ์•ˆ.
Member's suggestion.

์—ฌ๊ฑด

yeogeon
condition; circumstances
ํ˜„์žฌ ๋Œ€ํ•™์˜ ๊ธ€์“ฐ๊ธฐ ์ˆ˜์—…์€ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์–ด๋ ค์šด ์—ฌ๊ฑด ์†์—์„œ ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค.
Currently, university writing classes are being conducted under various difficult conditions.
์•„ํŒŒํŠธ๋ฅผ ์‚ด ๋•Œ๋Š” ์ฃผ๋ณ€์˜ ๊ตํ†ต ์—ฌ๊ฑด์ด ์–ด๋– ํ•œ์ง€๋„ ์ž์„ธํžˆ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด์•„์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค.
When buying an apartment, you should take a close look at the surrounding traffic conditions.
์ผํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณณ์˜ ๊ทผ๋ฌด ์—ฌ๊ฑด์€ ์–ด๋– ์„ธ์š”?
How are the working conditions where you work?

์—ฌ๋ถ„

yeobun
leftover; extra; surplus
๋จผ์ € ์˜จ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๋‹ค ๋จน์–ด์„œ ๋‚จ์€ ์Œ์‹ ์—ฌ๋ถ„์ด ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์—†๋‹ค.
Everyone who came first ate everything, so there was almost no food left.
์ข…์ด๋ฅผ ์–‘ ์˜†์— ์ผ ์„ผํ‹ฐ๋ฏธํ„ฐ์˜ ์—ฌ๋ถ„์„ ๋‚จ๊ฒจ ๋ฐ˜์œผ๋กœ ์ ‘์œผ์„ธ์š”.
Fold the paper in half, leaving an extra centimeter on each side.
ํ”„๋ผ์ดํŒฌ์— ์‹์šฉ์œ ๋ฅผ ๋„ฃ๊ณ  ํŒฌ์ด ๋œจ๊ฑฐ์›Œ์ง€๋ฉด ๊ธฐ๋ฆ„ ์—ฌ๋ถ„์€ ๋‹ฆ์•„ ๋‚ธ๋‹ค.
Add cooking oil to the frying pan and when the pan gets hot, wipe off the excess oil.

์ƒํ™ฉ

sanghwang
situation; condition
ํƒ์‹œ ์šด์ „์‚ฌ๋Š” ๊ตํ†ต ์ƒํ™ฉ์ด ๋‚˜์œ ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๊ณ„์†ํ•ด์„œ ํˆฌ๋œ๊ฑฐ๋ ธ๋‹ค.
The taxi driver kept complaining about the bad traffic.
์•„๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ‘์ž๊ธฐ ์—ด์ด ๋‚˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๊ธ‰ํ•œ ์ƒํ™ฉ์ด ์ƒ๊ธฐ๋ฉด ๋‚˜ํ•œํ…Œ ์ „ํ™”ํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
If your baby suddenly develops a fever or if there is an emergency, please call me.
์•Œ๊ฒ ์–ด์š”, ์—ฌ๋ณด.
Okay, honey.

์ „๊ฐœ

jeongae
conduct
์˜ˆ์‚ฐ์ด ๋ถ€์กฑํ•ด์„œ ์ƒˆ ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ์˜ ์ „๊ฐœ์— ์ฐจ์งˆ์„ ๋นš๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค.
The lack of budget is hindering the development of new projects.
๋ฅด๋„ค์ƒ์Šค ์‹œ๋Œ€์—๋Š” ์ธ๊ฐ„์„ ์ค‘์‹ฌ์œผ๋กœ ํ•œ ๋ฌธํ™” ์šด๋™์˜ ์ „๊ฐœ๊ฐ€ ํ™œ๋ฐœํžˆ ์ผ์–ด๋‚ฌ๋‹ค.
During the Renaissance, human-centered cultural movements actively developed.
์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์ „๊ฐœ.
A new development.

์ „๋‹ฌ

jeondal
delivery
์–ด์ œ ์žฅํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์žฅํ•™๊ธˆ ์ „๋‹ฌ์ด ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์กŒ๋‹ค.
Scholarships were handed out to scholarship students yesterday.
์™ธ๊ตญ์— ์žˆ๋Š” ์นœ๊ตฌ์—๊ฒŒ ์„ ๋ฌผ์„ ๋ณด๋‚ด๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€๋ฐ ์˜ค์ง€์—ฌ์„œ ์ „๋‹ฌ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด ์—†๋‹ค.
I want to send a gift to a friend abroad, but there is no way to deliver it because it is a remote area.
์ด๊ฑด ๊ธ‰ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ์„œ๋ฅ˜๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ๋ถ€์žฅ๋‹˜๊ป˜ ์ „๋‹ฌ์ด ๋Šฆ์–ด์ง€๋ฉด ์•ˆ ๋ผ.
This is an urgent document, so there should be no delay in delivering it to the manager.

๊ฐ€๋กœ

garo
width; crosswise direction
์ •์‚ฌ๊ฐํ˜•์€ ๊ฐ€๋กœ์™€ ์„ธ๋กœ์˜ ๊ธธ์ด๊ฐ€ ๋˜‘๊ฐ™๋‹ค.
A square has equal length and width.
์‚ฌ๊ฐํ˜•์˜ ๋„“์ด๋ฅผ ๊ตฌํ•˜๋ ค๋ฉด ๊ฐ€๋กœ์™€ ์„ธ๋กœ ๊ธธ์ด๋ฅผ ์•Œ์•„์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค.
To find the area of โ€‹โ€‹a square, you need to know the width and height.
์•ก์ž์˜ ํฌ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋ผ์š”?
What is the size of the frame?

๊ฐ€๋กœ์„ธ๋กœ

garosero
length and breadth; width and height; rise and run
์Šค์ผ€์น˜๋ถ์— ์ค„์„ ๊ฐ€๋กœ์„ธ๋กœ๋กœ ๊ทธ์–ด์„œ ์นธ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ๋‹ค.
I created a space in my sketchbook by drawing lines horizontally and vertically.
๊ต์‹ค ์ฐฝ๋ฌธ์— ๊ฐ€๋กœ์„ธ๋กœ๋กœ ๋ฌด๋Šฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ปคํŠผ์„ ๋‹ฌ์•˜๋‹ค.
Curtains with horizontal and vertical patterns were hung on the classroom windows.
์‹ํƒ๋ณด๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ ๊ฐ€๋กœ์„ธ๋กœ ๊ธธ์ด ์ข€ ์žฌ ๋ด.
I'm trying to make a tablecloth. Measure the length and width.

๋ฏผ์†์ž๋ฃŒ

minsokjjaryo
folklore material; folklore data
์ง€์ˆ˜์˜ ๋งˆ์„์—๋Š” ๋ณด๋ฌผ์ด๋‚˜ ์ค‘์š” ๋ฏผ์†์ž๋ฃŒ๋กœ ์ง€์ •๋œ ๊ฐ€์˜ฅ์ด ์—ด ๋‹ค์„ฏ ์ฑ„ ์ •๋„ ๋œ๋‹ค.
Jisooโ€™s village has about fifteen houses that have been designated as treasures or important folklore materials.
๊ทธ๊ณณ์€ ์กฐ์ƒ๋“ค์˜ ์ƒํ™œ๊ณผ ์ง€ํ˜œ๋ฅผ ์—ฟ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฏผ์†์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ๋ชจ์•„ ์ „์‹œํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ•๋ฌผ๊ด€์ด๋‹ค.
It is a museum that collects and displays folk materials that provide a glimpse into the lives and wisdom of our ancestors.
์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๋ฏผ์†์ž๋ฃŒ.
Important folklore material.

์ฐธ์กฐ

chamjo
reference
๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ณค์ถฉ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ž์„ธํ•œ ์„ค๋ช…์„ ์ฐพ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋ฐฑ๊ณผ์‚ฌ์ „์„ ์ฐธ์กฐ๋ฅผ ํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
I consulted the encyclopedia to find detailed descriptions of insects.
์žฅ๊ด€์€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์„ ์ง„๊ตญ์˜ ์‚ฌ๋ก€๋ฅผ ์ฐธ์กฐ๋ฅผ ํ•ด ๊ฐ€๋ฉฐ ๊ฒฝ์ œ ๊ณ„ํš์„ ์ˆ˜๋ฆฝํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
The minister established an economic plan by referring to the cases of other developed countries.
๊ธฐ์‚ฌ์˜ ๋‚ด์šฉ๊ณผ ์‚ฌ์ง„์ด ์ž˜ ๋งž์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„.
I donโ€™t think the content of the article and the photo match well.

์ฃผ๋ฏผ

jumin
resident
์Šน๊ทœ๋Š” ์ด ์•„ํŒŒํŠธ์— ์‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์ฃผ๋ฏผ์ด๋‹ค.
Seung-gyu is a resident who lives in this apartment.
ํ™˜๊ฒฝ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋Š” ์ง€์—ญ ์ฃผ๋ฏผ์˜ ์ฐธ์—ฌ๋กœ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.
Environmental problems can be solved with the participation of local residents.
๋™๋„ค ์ฃผ๋ฏผ.
Local residents.

์ถ”์ฒœ์„œ

chucheonseo
letter of recommendation; letter of reference
์•„๋ผ๋Š” ์ œ์ž๊ฐ€ ์œ ํ•™์„ ๊ฐ€๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋‹ค๊ธฐ์— ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜์„œ์„œ ์ถ”์ฒœ์„œ๋ฅผ ์ž‘์„ฑํ•ด ์ฃผ์—ˆ๋‹ค.
My favorite student wanted to study abroad, so I took the initiative and wrote a letter of recommendation.
์ตœ ๊ต์ˆ˜๋Š” ๋งŽ์€ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์ด ์žฅํ•™๊ธˆ์„ ๋ฐ›์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ์ถ”์ฒœ์„œ๋ฅผ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ํ†ต ์จ ์ฃผ์—ˆ๋‹ค.
Professor Choi wrote several letters of recommendation so that many students could receive scholarships.
์ข‹์€ ๊ณณ์— ์ผ์ž๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์–ป๊ฒŒ ๋˜์–ด ์ถ•ํ•˜ํ•˜๋„ค.
Congratulations on getting a good job.

์ถ”์ฒœ์žฅ

chucheonjang
letter of recommendation; letter of reference
์šฐ๋ฆฌ ํšŒ์‚ฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ์ง์›์„ ๋ฝ‘์„ ๋•Œ ์ „์— ์ผํ•˜๋˜ ์ง์žฅ ์ƒ์‚ฌ์˜ ์ถ”์ฒœ์žฅ์„ ์š”๊ตฌํ•œ๋‹ค.
When hiring employees, our company asks for a letter of recommendation from a previous employer.
ํŠน๋ณ„ ์ „ํ˜•์œผ๋กœ ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต์— ์ž…ํ•™ํ•˜๋ ค๋ฉด ์ถœ์‹  ๊ณ ๋“ฑํ•™๊ต ๊ต์žฅ์˜ ์ถ”์ฒœ์žฅ์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค.
To enter a university through special admissions, you need a letter of recommendation from your high school principal.
์Šน๊ทœ๋Š” ์„ธ๊ณ„์ ์œผ๋กœ ์œ ๋ช…ํ•œ ํ•™์ž๋“ค๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์ถ”์ฒœ์žฅ์„ ๋ฐ›์•„ ๋Œ€ํ•™ ๊ต์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค.
Seung-gyu was able to become a university professor by receiving letters of recommendation from world-famous scholars.

๊ธฐ๋ณธํ˜•

gibonhyeong
basic form
๋ฏผ์ค€์ด๋Š” ์ดˆ๋ณด์ž์—ฌ์„œ ๊ธฐ๋ณธํ˜• ์นด๋ฉ”๋ผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์ง„ ์ฐ๋Š” ์—ฐ์Šต์„ ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.
Minjun was a beginner, so he practiced taking pictures with a basic camera.
์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜์€ ๋ฆฌ๋ณธ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ธฐ ๊ธฐ๋ณธํ˜•์„ ์‘์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๋จธ๋ฆฌํ•€์„ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๋ฒ•์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ ์ฃผ์…จ๋‹ค.
The teacher showed how to make various hairpins by applying the basic ribbon making pattern.
๊ธฐ๋ณธํ˜•์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค๋‹ค.
Create a basic model.

๋ฏธ์„ฑ๋…„

miseongnyeon
minority
์žฌ๋ฒŒ ๊ธฐ์—… ํšŒ์žฅ์˜ ๋ฏธ์„ฑ๋…„์ธ ์•„๋“ค์ด ํ•œ๊ตญ์˜ ์ฃผ์‹ ๋ถ€์ž ์ˆœ์œ„์— ์ด๋ฆ„์„ ์˜ฌ๋ ธ๋‹ค.
The minor son of the chairman of a conglomerate company was listed on the list of Korea's stock richest people.
๋งŒ ์ด์‹ญ ์„ธ ๋ฏธ๋งŒ์˜ ๋ฏธ์„ฑ๋…„ ์ฒญ์†Œ๋…„๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ๋Š” ์ˆ ์ด๋‚˜ ๋‹ด๋ฐฐ๋ฅผ ํŒ๋งคํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๋„๋ก ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๋‹ค.
It is prohibited to sell alcohol or cigarettes to minors under the age of 20.
๋ฏธ์„ฑ๋…„ ๋‚˜์ด.
Minor age.

๋น„์žฅ์• ์ธ

bijangaein
non-disabled
์žฅ์• ์ธ๊ณผ ๋น„์žฅ์• ์ธ.
Disabled and non-disabled people.
์žฅ์• ์ธ๊ณผ ๋น„์žฅ์• ์ธ์„ ๊ตฌ๋ถ„ ์ง“์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ๋”๋ถˆ์–ด ์‚ด์•„๊ฐ€๋Š” ์‚ฌํšŒ๊ฐ€ ๋˜์–ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค.
We must create a society where people with disabilities and non-disabled people live together without distinction.
๋น„์žฅ์• ์ธ๋“ค์ด ์žฅ์• ๋ฅผ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ํ‰๋“ฑํ•œ ์‚ฌํšŒ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์ผ์ด๋‹ค.
It is important for non-disabled people to understand disability in order to create an equal society.

๋„“์ด

neolbi
width
์ด ๊ต์‹ค์€ ์‚ผ์‹ญ ๋ช…์ด ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์ƒํ™œํ•˜๊ธฐ์—๋Š” ์ข์€ ๋„“์ด์ด๋‹ค.
This classroom is too small for thirty people to live together.
๋ฏผ์ค€์ด๋Š” ์ž์‹ ์˜ ์ง‘ ๋งˆ๋‹น์— ์„ธ ํ‰ ๋„“์ด์˜ ๋ฐญ์„ ๊ฐ€๊พธ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค.
Minjun is cultivating a three-pyeong field in the yard of his house.
์ฑ…์ƒ ๋„“์ด.
Desk width.

๋Œ€๋Ÿ‰

daeryang
large amount; large volume
๊ณต์žฅ์—์„œ๋Š” ๊ธฐ๊ณ„ํ™”๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋งค์ผ ์ œํ’ˆ์„ ๋Œ€๋Ÿ‰ ์ƒ์‚ฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค.
Factories mass-produce products every day through mechanization.
์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜์€ ๋ฐ˜ ์•„์ด๋“ค ๋ชจ๋‘์—๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜๋ˆ  ์ฃผ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์—ฐํ•„์„ ๋Œ€๋Ÿ‰์œผ๋กœ ์ƒ€๋‹ค.
The teacher bought a large quantity of pencils to distribute to all the students in the class.
๋Œ€๋Ÿ‰ ๊ณ ์šฉ.
Mass employment.

์†Œ์žฌ

sojae
material
ํšŒ์‚ฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ํŠผํŠผํ•œ ์ฒจ๋‹จ ์†Œ์žฌ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“  ์ œํ’ˆ์„ ์ถœ์‹œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.
The company launched products made from durable, high-tech materials.
์ด ์˜ท์˜ ์†Œ์žฌ๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ๋˜์–ด์„œ ๋น„๊ฐ€ ์™€๋„ ์˜ท์ด ์ –์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค.
The material of this clothes is waterproof, so even if it rains, the clothes will not get wet.
๋‚˜์ผ๋ก  ์†Œ์žฌ.
Nylon material.

์žฌ๋ฃŒ๋น„

jaeryobi
material cost
์žฌ๋ฃŒ๋น„ ์ ˆ๊ฐ.
Reduce material costs.
์žฌ๋ฃŒ๋น„ ์ง€์ถœ.
Material expenses.
์žฌ๋ฃŒ๋น„๊ฐ€ ๋“ค๋‹ค.
Material costs are high.

ํ˜•ํƒœ

hyeongtae
form; shape
๊ฑฐ๋ถ์ด์™€ ์ž๋ผ๋Š” ํ˜•ํƒœ๊ฐ€ ๋น„์Šทํ•ด์„œ ๊ตฌ๋ณ„ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์–ด๋ ต๋‹ค.
It is difficult to distinguish them from turtles as their growth pattern is similar.
ํ•œ๊ธ€์˜ ์ž์Œ ๊ธ€์ž๋Š” ๊ทธ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋‚ผ ๋•Œ ์“ฐ์ด๋Š” ๋ฐœ์Œ ๊ธฐ๊ด€์˜ ํ˜•ํƒœ๋ฅผ ๋ณธ๋–  ๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ๋‹ค.
The consonant letters of Hangul were modeled after the shape of the pronunciation organ used to produce the sound.
๊ทธ ๊ฑด์ถ•๊ฐ€๋Š” ์ฃผ๋กœ ๋…ํŠนํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ฐœ์„ฑ ์žˆ๋Š” ํ˜•ํƒœ์˜ ๊ฑด๋ฌผ๋“ค์„ ์„ค๊ณ„ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์œ ๋ช…ํ•˜๋‹ค.
The architect is mainly famous for designing buildings with unique and unique shapes.

์ฝ์„๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ

ilgeulgeori
reading material; reading matter
์ด ์žก์ง€๋Š” ๊ด‘๊ณ ๊ฐ€ ์ ๊ณ  ์ƒํ™œ์— ๋„์›€์ด ๋˜๋Š” ์ฝ์„๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ์•„ ์œ ์ตํ•˜๋‹ค.
This magazine is beneficial because it has few advertisements and contains a lot of useful reading material for everyday life.
๋‚˜๋Š” ์ฃผ๋ง์ด๋ฉด ๋„์„œ๊ด€์— ๊ฐ€์„œ ์žฌ๋ฏธ์žˆ๋Š” ์ฝ์„๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์•„ ์ฝ์œผ๋ฉฐ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ๋ณด๋‚ธ๋‹ค.
On the weekends, I go to the library and spend time looking for interesting things to read.
ํ˜ผ์ž์„œ ์˜ค๋žซ๋™์•ˆ ๊ธฐ์ฐจ๋ฅผ ํƒ€๊ณ  ์—ฌํ–‰ํ•˜๋ ค๋ฉด ์ง€๋ฃจํ•˜๊ฒ ๊ตฌ๋‚˜.
It must be boring to travel by train for a long time alone.

์‹ ์ฒญ์„œ

sincheongseo
application form
๋‚˜๋Š” ํ•ฉ์ฐฝ๋‹จ์— ๊ฐ€์ž…ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์‹ ์ฒญ์„œ๋ฅผ ์ž‘์„ฑํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
I filled out an application to join the choir.
์ˆ˜์ˆ ์„ ๋ฐ›๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ๋จผ์ € ์ˆ˜์ˆ  ์‹ ์ฒญ์„œ๋ฅผ ์ œ์ถœํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค.
To receive surgery, you must first submit a surgery application.
๋ฐฉํ•™ ๋™์•ˆ ์ด ํ•™์›์— ๋‹ค๋‹ˆ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์–ด์„œ ์™”์–ด์š”.
I came because I wanted to attend this academy during the vacation.

๋น„ํ‘œ์ค€์–ด

bipyojuneo
nonstandard language
๋น„ํ‘œ์ค€์–ด์™€ ๋น„์†์–ด.
Non-standard language and slang.
๋น„ํ‘œ์ค€์–ด๋ฅผ ์“ฐ๋‹ค.
Use non-standard language.
๋น„ํ‘œ์ค€์–ด๋ฅผ ๋‚จ๋ฐœํ•˜๋‹ค.
Overuse of non-standard language.

๊ฐ€๋‹นํ•˜๋‹ค

gadanghada
right; proper
๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ท€์‹  ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์ „์„ค์—์„œ๋‚˜ ๊ฐ€๋‹นํ•œ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•œ๋‹ค.
I think ghost stories are worthy of legend.
์„ธ๊ธˆ๋„ ๋‚ด์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ๊ณต๋ฌด์›์ด ๋œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ฐ€๋‹นํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•œ ์ผ์ด๋‹ค.
It is unreasonable for someone who does not pay taxes to become a public official.
์ถœ์žฅ์„ ๊ฐ„ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์ผ์€ ์•ˆ ํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ด€๊ด‘ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‡ผํ•‘์„ ํ–ˆ๋Œ€.
People who went on business trips did not work, but instead went sightseeing and shopping.

๋”ฐ๋ผ๋ถ™๋‹ค

ttarabuttta
tailgate; follow right behind
๊ฒฝ์ฐฐ์€ ๋ฒ”์ธ์˜ ๋’ค๋ฅผ ๋”ฐ๋ผ๋ถ™์–ด ๋ฏธํ–‰์„ ํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ๋ฒ”์ธ์„ ์žก์„ ๊ธฐํšŒ๋ฅผ ๋…ธ๋ ธ๋‹ค.
The police followed the criminal and followed him, looking for an opportunity to catch him.
์Šน๊ทœ๊ฐ€ ์ž์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ๋ฐ”์ง ๋”ฐ๋ผ๋ถ™๋Š” ์ˆ˜๋น„์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๋”ฐ๋Œ๋ ค ๋„ฃ์€ ๊ณจ ๋•๋ถ„์— ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ํŒ€์€ ๊ฒฐ์Šน์— ์˜ฌ๋ž๋‹ค.
Our team advanced to the finals thanks to Seung-gyu's goal, which beat the defender who was following closely behind him.
๋ฒ”์ธ์„ ๋”ฐ๋ผ๋ถ™๋‹ค.
catch up with the criminal

๋ฐ”๋ฅธ

bareun
right
์–ผ๋งˆ ์ „์— ๋‹ค์นœ ๋ฐ”๋ฅธ ๋ฌด๋ฆŽ์ด ๋‹ค์‹œ ์•„ํŒŒ์™”๋‹ค.
My right knee, which was injured a while ago, started hurting again.
์ง€์ˆ˜๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์•„ํ”ˆ์ง€ ์—ฐ์‹  ๋ฐ”๋ฅธ ๋ฐœ๋ชฉ์„ ๋งŒ์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค.
Jisoo was constantly touching her right ankle as if her leg was sore.
๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์ž์‹ ์˜ ๋ฐ”๋ฅธ ํŒ”์„ ๋‚ด ์™ผ์ชฝ ํŒ”์— ๋ผ์›Œ ๋„ฃ์–ด ํŒ”์งฑ์„ ๊ผˆ๋‹ค.
She put her right arm under my left arm and crossed our arms.

๋ฐ”๋ฅธ๋Œ€๋กœ

bareundaero
right; truthfully; correctly
๋ฌป๋Š” ๋ง์— ๋ฐ”๋ฅธ๋Œ€๋กœ ๋Œ€๋‹ตํ•˜๋ฉด ์ด๋ฒˆ์—๋Š” ๋„ค ์ž˜๋ชป์„ ๋ˆˆ๊ฐ์•„ ์ฃผ๊ฒ ๋‹ค.
If you answer the question correctly, I will overlook your mistake this time.
๋‚ด ๋™์ƒ์€ ์—ฌํƒœ๊นŒ์ง€ ์–ด๋””์„œ ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ํ–ˆ๋Š”์ง€ ๋ฐ”๋ฅธ๋Œ€๋กœ ๋Œ€์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ๊ฑฐ์ง“๋ง๋งŒ ํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
My younger brother has never told me where he was or what he did and has only lied.
๋ฐ”๋ฅธ๋Œ€๋กœ ๊ณ ํ•˜๋‹ค.
Say the right thing

๊ณต์‚ฌ๋ฆฝ

gongsarip
being public and private
๋Œ€์ž… ์ˆ˜๋Šฅ ์‹œํ—˜ ๊ฐ๋…์— ๊ณต์‚ฌ๋ฆฝ ๊ต์‚ฌ๋“ค์ด ๋ชจ๋‘ ๋™์›๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค.
All public and private teachers were mobilized to supervise the college entrance exam.
๋ฏธ๊ตญ์˜ ํ•™๊ต๋Š” ๊ณต์‚ฌ๋ฆฝ ๊ด€๊ณ„์—†์ด ์ˆ˜์—…๋ฃŒ์— ํฐ ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ์—†๋‹ค.
There is no significant difference in tuition fees for American schools, regardless of whether they are public or private.
๊ณต๋ฆฝ ํ•™๊ต์™€ ์‚ฌ๋ฆฝ ํ•™๊ต ์ค‘ ์–ด๋””๊ฐ€ ์ข‹์„๊นŒ์š”?
Which is better: public school or private school?

๊ณต์ต์‚ฌ์—…

gongikssaeop
public services
์ •๋ถ€์—์„œ๋Š” ์‹œ๋ฏผ๋“ค์˜ ํŽธ์˜๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ณต์ต์‚ฌ์—…์„ ํ™•๋Œ€ํ•˜๊ฒ ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ฐํ˜”๋‹ค.
The government announced that it would expand public projects for the convenience of citizens.
๊ตฌ์ฒญ์—์„œ๋Š” ์žฅ์• ์ธ๋“ค์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋ฌด๋ฃŒ ์…”ํ‹€๋ฒ„์Šค๋ฅผ ์šด์˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๋“ฑ์˜ ๊ณต์ต์‚ฌ์—…์„ ์‹ค์‹œํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค.
The district office is carrying out public projects such as operating free shuttle buses for the disabled.
๊ณต์ต์‚ฌ์—… ์˜ˆ์‚ฐ.
Public utility budget.

๊ณ ๋ น์ž

goryeongja
the aged; a senior citizen; an aged person
ํ‰๊ท  ์ˆ˜๋ช…์ด ๊ธธ์–ด์ง์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์ผ์ž๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์ฐพ๋Š” ๊ณ ๋ น์ž๋“ค์ด ๋Š˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค.
As the average life expectancy increases, the number of elderly people looking for jobs is increasing.
์ง€ํ•˜์ฒ ์—๋Š” ๊ณ ๋ น์ž๋“ค์ด ์šฐ์„ ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์•‰์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ž๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋งˆ๋ จ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๋‹ค.
In the subway, priority seating is provided for elderly people.
์•ˆ๋…•ํ•˜์„ธ์š”. ๊ณ ๋ น์ž๋“ค์„ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ์„ค๋ฌธ ์กฐ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ์š”.
hello. We are conducting a survey targeting elderly people.

๊ณต์ง์ž

gongjikjja
public official
์•„๋ฒ„์ง€๋Š” ๊ตญ๊ฐ€ ๊ธฐ๊ด€์—์„œ ์˜ค๋žซ๋™์•ˆ ๊ณ ์œ„ ๊ณต์ง์ž๋กœ ๊ณ„์…จ๋‹ค.
My father was a high-ranking official in state institutions for many years.
๊ทธ๋Š” ๋‡Œ๋ฌผ๋„ ๋ฐ›์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ์˜ค๋กœ์ง€ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ผํ•œ ์ฒญ๋ ดํ•œ ๊ณต์ง์ž์˜€๋‹ค.
He was an honest public official who did not accept bribes and only worked for the country.
์–ผ๋งˆ ์ „์— ์žฌ์‚ฐ ๊ณต๊ฐœ๋ฅผ ํ•˜์…จ๋‹ค๋ฉด์„œ์š”?
I heard you recently disclosed your assets?

์กฐ์นด๋ฉฐ๋А๋ฆฌ

jokamyeoneuri
niece-in-law
์–ด๋จธ๋‹ˆ๋Š” ์ฐธํ•œ ์กฐ์นด๋ฉฐ๋А๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์‹œ๋”๋‹ˆ ๋‚˜์—๊ฒŒ ๊ฒฐํ˜ผ์„ ์žฌ์ด‰ํ•˜์…จ๋‹ค.
My mother looked at my daughter-in-law and urged her to marry me.
๋‚˜๋Š” ์กฐ์นด๋ฉฐ๋А๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋‚ณ์€ ์•„์ด๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋ฉด์„œ ์–ธ๋‹ˆ๋„ ์ด์ œ ๋‚˜์ด๊ฐ€ ๋“ค์—ˆ๊ตฌ๋‚˜ ์‹ถ์—ˆ๋‹ค.
As I watched the child my niece and daughter-in-law gave birth to, I thought that she, too, was now older.
์„ค ๋‹ค์Œ ๋‚ ์— ์กฐ์นด๊ฐ€ ๊ฒฐํ˜ผํ•  ์•„๊ฐ€์”จ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์˜จ๋‹ค๋Š”๊ตฐ์š”.
It is said that the day after Lunar New Year, my nephew is bringing the girl he will marry.

์กฐ์นด์‚ฌ์œ„

jokasawi
nephew-in-law
์กฐ์นด์‚ฌ์œ„๋Š” ๋„‰์‚ด ์ข‹๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜๋ฅผ ์ด๋ชจ๋‹˜์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถˆ๋ €๋‹ค.
My nephew-in-law casually called me aunt.
๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์–ธ๋‹ˆ๋„ค ์ง‘์— ๊ฐ”์„ ๋•Œ๋Š” ์ด๋ฏธ ์กฐ์นด๋”ธ๊ณผ ์กฐ์นด์‚ฌ์œ„๊ฐ€ ๋„์ฐฉํ•ด ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค.
When I went to my sister's house, my niece and nephew-in-law had already arrived.
์กฐ์นด์‚ฌ์œ„๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋‹ˆ ์˜ค๋น ๋„ค ๋ถ€๋ถ€๋„ ์ด์ œ ํฝ ๋‚˜์ด๊ฐ€ ๋“ค์—ˆ๊ตฌ๋‚˜.
Looking at my nephew-in-law, I see that my brother and his wife are much older now.

์นดํ…Œ๊ณ ๋ฆฌ

kategori
category; class
์˜์–ด ๋‹จ์–ด๋Š” ํ’ˆ์‚ฌ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ์นดํ…Œ๊ณ ๋ฆฌ๋กœ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜ํ•ด์„œ ์™ธ์šฐ๋Š” ๊ฒŒ ํŽธํ•˜๋‹ค.
It is easier to memorize English words by classifying them into categories according to their parts of speech.
๋‚˜๋Š” ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ์˜ ์‚ฌ์ง„ ํŒŒ์ผ์„ ์‹œ๊ฐ„๋ณ„๋กœ ์นดํ…Œ๊ณ ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋‚˜๋ˆ„์–ด ์ €์žฅํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
I saved the photo files on my computer by dividing them into categories by time.
๋ฐฉํ•™ ์ˆ™์ œ๊ฐ€ ํ•™๊ต ํ™ˆํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ์–ด๋”” ์žˆ์–ด?
Where is the vacation homework on the school website?

๋Œ€ํƒ€ํ˜‘

daetahyeop
great compromise; social consensus
์ผ๋‹จ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€ ์œ„๊ธฐ์˜ ํ„ฐ๋„์„ ๋ฒ—์–ด๋‚˜์•ผ ๋œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ˆ๋ฐ•๊ฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ •๋ถ€์™€ ์‹œ์œ„๋Œ€๋Š” ๋Œ€ํƒ€ํ˜‘์„ ํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
Out of desperation to escape the tunnel of national crisis, the government and the protesters reached a grand compromise.
์ด์ œ ์–‘๋ณดํ•  ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ณผ๊ฐํžˆ ์–‘๋ณดํ•˜๊ณ  ์กด์ค‘ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ์„œ๋กœ์˜ ์˜์—ญ์€ ์กด์ค‘ํ•˜๋Š” ๋Œ€ํƒ€ํ˜‘์˜ ํ˜‘์ƒ์ด ์ „๊ฐœ๋˜์–ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค.
Now, negotiations for a grand compromise must unfold, boldly yielding what needs to be conceded and respecting each other's areas that need to be respected.
์‹œ๊ฐ„๋„ ๋ณ„๋กœ ์—†๋Š”๋ฐ ์—ฌ๋‹น๊ณผ ์•ผ๋‹น์ด ๋นจ๋ฆฌ ์ ˆ์ถฉ์ ์„ ์ฐพ์•„์•ผ์ง€.
There is not much time, so the ruling party and the opposition party must quickly find a compromise.

๊ณต์ค‘ํŒŒ

gongjungpa
public television or airwaves
์ผ€์ด๋ธ” ๋ฐฉ์†ก์—์„œ ํ™œ๋™ํ•˜๋˜ ๊ทธ๋Š” ์œ ๋ช…ํ•ด์ง€๋ฉด์„œ ๊ณต์ค‘ํŒŒ์—๊นŒ์ง€ ์ง„์ถœํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
He was active in cable broadcasting, but as he became famous, he even entered the public airwaves.
๊ณต์ค‘ํŒŒ ๋ฐฉ์†ก์—์„œ ์›”๋“œ์ปต์„ ์ƒ์ค‘๊ณ„ํ•ด์„œ ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์ถ•๊ตฌ ๊ฒฝ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๊ด€๋žŒํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค.
The World Cup was broadcast live on public television, allowing many people to watch the soccer game.
๊ณต์ค‘ํŒŒ ๋ฐฉ์†ก์ด ๊ฐ‘์ž๊ธฐ ์™œ ์•ˆ ๋‚˜์˜ค๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์ฃ ?
Why are public broadcasts suddenly not showing?

๊ทน์šฐํŒŒ

geugupa
extreme right wing
์ง„๋ณด์ ์ธ ์„ฑํ–ฅ์˜ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์€ ๊ทน์šฐํŒŒ ์–ธ๋ก ์‚ฌ์˜ ์‹ ๋ฌธ์„ ๋ณด์ง€ ๋ง์ž๋Š” ์šด๋™์„ ๋ฒŒ์˜€๋‹ค.
Progressive students launched a movement to stop reading newspapers from extreme right-wing media outlets.
๊ทน์šฐํŒŒ ์„ธ๋ ฅ๋“ค์€ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์ „ํ†ต๊ณผ ์˜๊ด‘์„ ๊ฐ•์กฐํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•œ ๊ถŒ๋ ฅ์„ ๊ฐ€์กŒ๋˜ ์‹œ์ ˆ๋กœ ํšŒ๊ท€ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ฃผ์žฅํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
Extreme right-wing forces emphasized the traditions and glory of the past and argued for a return to the days when the state had strong power.
๊ทน์šฐํŒŒ ๋‹จ์ฒด๋“ค์€ ์ž๊ตญ์˜ ์‹ค์—… ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์™ธ๊ตญ์ธ๋“ค์ด ์ผ์ž๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋นผ์•—์€ ๊ฒƒ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด๋ผ๋ฉด์„œ ์ด๋“ค์„ ์ถ”๋ฐฉํ•˜์ž๊ณ  ์ฃผ์žฅํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค.
Extreme right-wing groups claim that their country's unemployment problem is due to foreigners taking away jobs, and are calling for expelling them.

๋…ธํŒŒ์‹ฌ

nopasim
excessive solicitude; solicitude for anotherยดs welfare
๋‚˜๋Š” ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์ด ๋‚ด ์„ค๋ช…์„ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•œ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์„œ ๋…ธํŒŒ์‹ฌ์—์„œ ๋‹ค์‹œ ํ•œ๋ฒˆ ์„ค๋ช…์„ ํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
I felt like the students didn't understand my explanation, so I explained it again out of frustration.
์•„๋“ค์ด ์ด์ œ ๋‹ค ํฐ ์„ฑ์ธ์ด ๋˜์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ๋„ ๋‚ด ๋ˆˆ์—๋Š” ์–ด๋ฆฐ์•„์ด๋กœ๋งŒ ๋ณด์—ฌ ์ž๊พธ๋งŒ ๋…ธํŒŒ์‹ฌ์ด ์ƒ๊ธด๋‹ค.
Even though my son is now an adult, he still seems like a child to me and I keep getting angry.
์—„๋งˆ๊ฐ€ ๋…ธํŒŒ์‹ฌ์—์„œ ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ง์ด๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ์ž˜ ์ƒˆ๊ฒจ๋“ค์–ด.
Mom says this out of old age, so take it to heart.

์šฐํŒŒ

upa
right wing
์šฐํŒŒ ์„ธ๋ ฅ์€ ๊ธฐ์กด์˜ ํŠน๊ถŒ์„ ์œ ์ง€ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ์‹ซ์–ดํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค.
Right-wing forces tend to dislike change in order to maintain existing privileges.
๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น ์„ ๊ฑฐ๋ฅผ ๊ณ„๊ธฐ๋กœ ๊ทธ ๋‚˜๋ผ์—๋Š” ๋ณด์ˆ˜์ ์ธ ์šฐํŒŒ ์„ฑํ–ฅ์„ ๋ค ์ •๋ถ€๊ฐ€ ๋“ค์–ด์„œ๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค.
Following the presidential election, a conservative right-wing government came into power in the country.
์šฐํŒŒ ์„ธ๋ ฅ.
Right-wing forces.

๊ณ ๊ธ‰ํ•˜๋‹ค

gogeupada
being high class
์œ ๋ฏผ์€ ๊ฒฐํ˜ผ ์˜ˆ๋ฌผ๋กœ ๊ณ ๊ธ‰ํ•œ ๋ณด์„ ์„ธํŠธ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์•˜๋‹ค.
Yumin received a luxurious jewelry set as a wedding gift.
์ง€์ˆ˜๋Š” ์–ด๋ฒ„์ด๋‚ ์„ ๋งž์•„ ๋ถ€๋ชจ๋‹˜์„ ๊ณ ๊ธ‰ํ•œ ์‹๋‹น์œผ๋กœ ๋ชจ์‹œ๊ณ  ๊ฐ”๋‹ค.
Jisoo took her parents to a fancy restaurant for Parents' Day.
์ด ๋ ˆ์Šคํ† ๋ž‘์€ ์Œ์‹ ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ์ด ์—„์ฒญ ๋น„์‹ธ๋„ค.
The food in this restaurant is very expensive.

๋…ธ๋™๊ถŒ

nodonggwon
right to work
๋ถ€๋‹นํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•ด๊ณ ๋ฅผ ๋‹นํ•œ ์ง์›๋“ค์ด ์ƒ์กด๊ถŒ๊ณผ ๋…ธ๋™๊ถŒ์„ ํ™•๋ณดํ•ด ๋‹ฌ๋ผ๋ฉฐ ๋†์„ฑ์„ ๋ฒŒ์ด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค.
Employees who were unfairly fired are staging a sit-in protest to secure their rights to survive and work.
๊ตญ๋ฏผ์˜ ๋…ธ๋™๊ถŒ.
People's right to work.

๊ฐœ๋„๊ตญ

gaedoguk
developing nation
์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ณ‘์›์—์„œ๋Š” ๋ช‡๋ช‡ ๊ฐœ๋„๊ตญ์„ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ์˜๋ฃŒ ๋ด‰์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‹ค์‹œํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค.
Our hospital provides medical services to several developing countries.
ํ™˜๊ฒฝ ๋ณดํ˜ธ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ ๊ทœ์ œ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋กœ ์„ ์ง„๊ตญ๊ณผ ๊ฐœ๋„๊ตญ๋“ค์ด ๊ฐˆ๋“ฑ์„ ๋นš์—ˆ๋‹ค.
Conflicts arose between developed and developing countries over development regulations for environmental protection.
์ตœ๊ทผ ๊ฐœ๋„๊ตญ๋“ค์ด ํ’๋ถ€ํ•œ ๋…ธ๋™๋ ฅ๊ณผ ์ฒœ์—ฐ์ž์›์„ ๋ฐ”ํƒ•์œผ๋กœ ๊ฒฝ์ œ ์„ฑ์žฅ์„ ๊ฑฐ๋“ญํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค.
Recently, developing countries are experiencing economic growth based on abundant labor and natural resources.

๊ณต์ค‘๋„๋•

gongjungdodeok
public etiquette
๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ณต์ค‘๋„๋•์„ ์ค€์ˆ˜ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋„์„œ๊ด€์—์„œ๋Š” ์ „ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค.
To adhere to public morals, I do not answer phones in the library.
์š”์ฆ˜ ์•„์ด๋“ค์€ ๊ธธ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ์— ์“ฐ๋ ˆ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋งˆ๊ตฌ ๋ฒ„๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋“ฑ ๊ณต์ค‘๋„๋•์„ ์ž˜ ์ง€ํ‚ค์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค.
Children these days do not follow public morals well, such as throwing away trash on the streets.
์ € ์‚ฌ๋žŒ ๋‹ด๋ฐฐ๊ฝ์ดˆ๋ฅผ ๊ธธ์— ๊ทธ๋ƒฅ ๋ฒ„๋ฆฌ๋„ค.
That person just throws his cigarette butts on the street.

๊ฒฝ๋กœ๋‹น

gyeongnodang
senior citizen center
ํ• ๋จธ๋‹ˆ๋Š” ๋งค์ผ ๊ฒฝ๋กœ๋‹น์— ๋‚˜๊ฐ€์…”์„œ ์นœ๊ตฌ๋ถ„๋“ค๊ณผ ์–ด์šธ๋ฆฌ์‹ ๋‹ค.
My grandmother goes to the senior center every day and hangs out with her friends.
๋งˆ์„์˜ ์–ด๋ฅด์‹ ๋“ค์€ ๊ฒฝ๋กœ๋‹น์— ๋ชจ์ด์…”์„œ ์‚ฌ๋ฌผ๋†€์ด๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๋ฉฐ ์ฆ๊ฑฐ์šด ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ๋ณด๋‚ด์‹ ๋‹ค.
The village elders gather at the senior center and have a good time learning samulnori.
์–ด๋ฒ„์ด๋‚ ์„ ๋งž์•„ ๊ฒฝ๋กœ๋‹น์„ ๋ฐฉ๋ฌธํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒŒ ์–ด๋•Œ?
How about visiting a senior center on Parentsโ€™ Day?

๋Œ€๋Œ€๋กœ

daedaero
from generation to generation
๋‚˜๋Š” ์ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋Œ€๋Œ€๋กœ ์ „ํ•˜๊ฒ ๋‹ค.
I will pass this story on from generation to generation.
๋ฐ• ์”จ๋Š” ์‚ฌ์—…์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋Œ€๋Œ€๋กœ ์‚ด์•„์˜ค๋˜ ์ง‘์„ ํŒ”์•˜๋‹ค.
Mr. Park sold the house he had lived in for generations to run his business.
์ด ๋Œ€ํ•™์—์„œ๋Š” ๋Œ€๋Œ€๋กœ ์œ ๋ช…ํ•œ ํ•™์ž๋“ค์„ ๋งŽ์ด ๋ฐฐ์ถœํ•ด ์™”๋‹ค.
This university has produced many famous scholars for generations.

๋กœํŽŒ

ropeom
law firm
๋Œ€ํ˜• ๋กœํŽŒ.
Large law firm.
๋กœํŽŒ ๋ณ€ํ˜ธ์‚ฌ.
Law firm lawyer.
๋กœํŽŒ ์ง์›.
Law firm employee.

๊ณต๋ณด๊ด€

gongbogwan
public information office
์ง€์ˆ˜๋Š” ๊ณต๋ณด๊ด€์—์„œ ๋ถ€์„œ์˜ ์—…๋ฌด๋ฅผ ์™ธ๋ถ€์— ์•Œ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ผ์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค.
Jisoo works at the public information center to inform the outside world about the department's work.
์ •๋ถ€๋Š” ๊ฐ ๊ธฐ๊ด€๋งˆ๋‹ค ์–ธ๋ก ์„ ์ƒ๋Œ€ํ•˜๋Š” ์ผ์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณต๋ณด๊ด€์„ ์„ค์น˜ํ•˜๊ฒ ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ฐํ˜”๋‹ค.
The government announced that it would establish a public information officer in each agency to deal with the media.
์—…๋ฌด ํ˜„ํ™ฉ์„ ์•Œ๋ ค๋ฉด ์–ด๋””๋กœ ๊ฐ€๋ฉด ๋˜์ฃ ?
Where can I go to find out the status of my work?

๊ณต๋ฌด

gongmu
public duties; official duties
๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ณต๋ฌด๊ฐ€ ๋ฐ”๋น ์„œ ์‚ฌ์ ์ธ ์ผ์„ ํ•  ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ์—†์—ˆ๋‹ค.
I was so busy with official duties that I had no time for personal matters.
ํšŒ์‚ฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ๊ณต๋ฌด๋กœ ์ถœ์žฅ์„ ๊ฐ€๋Š” ์ง์›์—๊ฒŒ ๊ตํ†ต๋น„ ์ „์•ก์„ ์ง€์›ํ•ด ์ฃผ์—ˆ๋‹ค.
The company subsidized the full cost of transportation for employees traveling on official business.
๋ถ€์žฅ๋‹˜, ์„œ๋ฅ˜๋ฅผ ์ œ์ถœํ•˜๊ณ  ์˜ค๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
Manager, I will submit the documents and come back.

๊ฐ€๋ถ€

gabu
right and wrong
์‚ฌํ˜• ์ œ๋„ ์œ ์ง€์™€ ๊ด€๋ จํ•ด์„œ ๊ฐ€๋ถ€๋ฅผ ๋”ฐ์งˆ ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค.
There is a need to weigh the pros and cons of maintaining the death penalty.
์—ฐ์˜ˆ์ธ์˜ ์ •์น˜ ์ฐธ์—ฌ๋Š” ๊ฐ€๋ถ€๋ฅผ ๋– ๋‚˜์„œ ์ž์œ ๊ฐ€ ๋ณด์žฅ๋˜์–ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค.
Celebrities' freedom of participation in politics must be guaranteed, regardless of whether they are good or bad.
์–ด๋–ค ์ผ์ด๋“  ์„ฃ๋ถˆ๋ฆฌ ํ–‰๋™ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฑด ์˜ณ์ง€ ์•Š์•„.
It is not right to act hastily in anything.

๊ฑฐ๋ถ€๊ถŒ

geobugwon
veto; right of veto; right to refuse
๊ฒ€์ฐฐ์˜ ์‹ฌ๋ฌธ์— ํ”ผ๊ณ ์ธ์€ ์ง„์ˆ  ๊ฑฐ๋ถ€๊ถŒ์„ ๊ฐ€์งˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.
The defendant has the right to refuse to make a statement when questioned by the prosecution.
ํ•œ๊ตญ ์ •๋ถ€๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ ์•ˆ๊ฑด์˜ ํ†ต๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋ง‰๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ฑฐ๋ถ€๊ถŒ์„ ํ–‰์‚ฌํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
The Korean government exercised its veto power to prevent passage of the bill.
์ด ์•ˆ๊ฑด์— ๋™์˜ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฉด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋‚˜์š”?
What should I do if I do not agree with this agenda?

๊ทน์šฐ

geugu
the far right; the extreme right; extreme right-winger
์ตœ๊ทผ ๊ทน์šฐ ์„ธ๋ ฅ๋“ค์ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ฏผ์กฑ ์œ„์ฃผ์˜ ์—ญ์‚ฌ ๊ต์œก์„ ๊ฐ•ํ™”ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ฃผ์žฅํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค.
Recently, far-right forces have been insisting that history education focusing on our people should be strengthened.
์ •๋ถ€๊ฐ€ ์ „์Ÿ ํ”ผํ•ด์ž๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌ๊ณผํ•˜๊ฒ ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ฐœํ‘œํ•˜์ž ๊ทน์šฐ ๋‹จ์ฒด๋“ค์ด ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€ํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
When the government announced that it would apologize to war victims, far-right groups opposed it.
์™ธ๊ตญ ์–ธ๋ก ์ด ํ•œ๊ตญ์„ ๋น„๋‚œํ•˜์ž ๊ทน์šฐ ์„ฑํ–ฅ์˜ ๋‹จ์ฒด๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ ๋‚˜๋ผ ๋Œ€์‚ฌ๊ด€์— ์ฐพ์•„๊ฐ€ ํ•ญ์˜ํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
When foreign media criticized Korea, a far-right group went to the country's embassy to protest.

์šฐ๊ฒฝํ™”๋˜๋‹ค

ugyeonghwadoeda
turn rightist; turn to the political right side
์ •๋ถ€๋Š” ์ ์  ๋ณด์ˆ˜์ ์ด๊ณ  ์šฐ๊ฒฝํ™”๋œ ์ •์ฑ…์„ ํŽผ์ณค๋‹ค.
The government pursued increasingly conservative and right-wing policies.
์ค‘๋„์˜ ์ž…์žฅ์„ ์ทจํ•˜๋˜ ์ •๋‹น์ด ์šฐ๊ฒฝํ™”๋˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
Political parties that had taken a centrist stance began to shift to the right.
๊น€ ๊ต์ˆ˜๋Š” ์‚ฌํšŒ๊ฐ€ ์ง€๋‚˜์น˜๊ฒŒ ์šฐ๊ฒฝํ™”๋˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ขŒ๊ฒฝํ™”๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ฒฝ๊ณ„ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.
Professor Kim said that we must be wary of society turning too far to the right or left.

์šฐ๊ฒฝํ™”ํ•˜๋‹ค

ugyeonghwahada
turn rightist; turn to the political right side
์ขŒํŒŒ ์ •๋‹น์€ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ์šฐ๊ฒฝํ™”ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ฐ˜๋ฐœํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.
Left parties protested against the country's shift to the right.
๊ทธ ๋‚˜๋ผ๋Š” ์—ญ์‚ฌ ๊ต์œก์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๊ตญ๋ฏผ์„ ์šฐ๊ฒฝํ™”ํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.
The country attempted to turn its people to the right through history education.
์šฐ๊ฒฝํ™”ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ.
A tendency to turn to the right.

๊ฐํˆฌ

gamtu
gamtu; government official's hat
์Šน๊ทœ๋Š” ์ง‘์— ๋Œ์•„์™€์„œ ๊ฐํˆฌ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋ฒ—์—ˆ๋‹ค.
When Seunggyu returned home, he took off his jacket.
์•„๋ฒ„์ง€๋Š” ๋‹จ์ •ํ•œ ์ฐจ๋ฆผ์— ๊ฐํˆฌ๋ฅผ ์ฐฉ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์ง‘์„ ๋‚˜์„ ๋‹ค.
The father leaves the house dressed neatly and wearing a gamtu.
์˜›๋‚ ์—๋Š” ์˜ท์„ ์ฐจ๋ ค์ž…๊ณ  ๋จธ๋ฆฌ์— ๊ฐํˆฌ๊นŒ์ง€ ์“ฐ๊ณ  ์™ธ์ถœ์„ ํ–ˆ๋‚˜ ๋ด.
In the old days, I guess people would dress up and go out with a gamtu on their head.

์ปค๋ฎค๋‹ˆํ‹ฐ

keomyuniti
community
์ธํ„ฐ๋„ท ์ปค๋ฎค๋‹ˆํ‹ฐ.
Internet community.
์ปค๋ฎค๋‹ˆํ‹ฐ ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ.
Community site.
์ปค๋ฎค๋‹ˆํ‹ฐ ํšŒ์›.
Community members.

๊ณต๊ณต๋ณต๋ฆฌ

gonggongbongni
public welfare
๋‚˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๋„์›€์ด ๋˜๋„๋ก ๊ณต๊ณต๋ณต๋ฆฌ์— ๊ธฐ์—ฌํ•˜๋Š” ์ผ์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์—ˆ๋‹ค.
I wanted to do something that would help people and contribute to public welfare.
๊ตญ๋ฏผ์˜ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ๊ถŒ์€ ์งˆ์„œ ์œ ์ง€๋‚˜ ๊ณต๊ณต๋ณต๋ฆฌ ๋“ฑ ๊ณต์ต์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ œํ•œ๋  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๋‹ค.
Citizens' basic rights may be restricted for the sake of public interest, such as maintaining order or public welfare.
์ด๋ฒˆ์— ์ œ์ •ํ•œ ์ œ๋„์˜ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฐ ๋ชฉ์ ์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ๊ฐ€์š”?
What is the main purpose of the system enacted this time?

๋’ค๋ฏธ์น˜๋‹ค

dwimichida
follow right after
ํ•ด๊ฐ€ ์ง€๋ฉด ์–ด๋‘์›Œ์ง€๊ณ  ๋’ค๋ฏธ์ณ ๋‹ฌ์ด ๋œฌ๋‹ค.
When the sun sets, it gets dark and the moon rises behind.
๋นจ๊ฐ„ ์Šน์šฉ์ฐจ๊ฐ€ ์ฃผ์ฐจ์žฅ ์•ˆ์œผ๋กœ ๋“ค์–ด์„œ๊ณ  ๋’ค๋ฏธ์ณ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜์˜ ์ฐจ๊ฐ€ ๋“ค์–ด์™”๋‹ค.
A red car entered the parking lot, and the teacher's car came behind it.
๋‚˜์™€ ์นœ๊ตฌ๋Š” ๋…ธ๋…„์˜ ์‚ถ์„ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ๋ˆ์„ ๋ฒŒ์–ด์•ผ๊ฒ ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ƒ๊ฐ์ด ๋’ค๋ฏธ์ณค๋‹ค.
As my friend and I thought about our lives in old age, the idea of โ€‹โ€‹earning money was on the back burner.

๊ณต๊ต์œก๋น„

gonggyoyukppi
public education expenditure
์‹œ์—์„œ๋Š” ๊ณต๊ต์œก์˜ ํ™œ์„ฑํ™”๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ณต๊ต์œก๋น„ ์ง€๊ธ‰์„ ๋Š˜๋ฆฌ๊ธฐ๋กœ ํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
The city decided to increase public education expenses to revitalize public education.
์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋‚˜๋ผ๋Š” ์ดˆ๋“ฑํ•™๊ต์™€ ์ค‘ํ•™๊ต์˜ ๊ณต๊ต์œก๋น„๋ฅผ ๋‚˜๋ผ์—์„œ ๋ถ€๋‹ดํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค.
In Korea, the government covers public education costs for elementary and middle schools.
ํ˜„์žฌ ํ•™๊ต ๊ต์œก ๋น„์šฉ๋ณด๋‹ค ์‚ฌ๊ต์œก ๋น„์šฉ์ด ๋” ํฐ๊ฐ€์š”?
Are the costs of private education greater than the current cost of school education?

๊ด€๋น„

gwanbi
government expenditure
๊ตญ๊ฐ€์—์„œ ์„ธ์šด ์ด ์˜์žฌ ํ•™๊ต๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ํ•™๋น„๊ฐ€ ๊ด€๋น„๋กœ ์ถฉ๋‹น๋œ๋‹ค.
This government-established school for gifted students covers all tuition fees through government fees.
์šฐ์ˆ˜ํ•œ ์„ฑ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋Œ€ํ•™์„ ์กธ์—…ํ•œ ์œ ๋ฏผ์ด๋Š” ๊ด€๋น„๋กœ ์œ ํ•™์„ ๋– ๋‚ฌ๋‹ค.
Yumin, who graduated from college with excellent grades, went to study abroad on government funds.
์ด ๋น„์‹ผ ๋“ฑ๋ก๊ธˆ์„ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋‹ค ๋ƒˆ์–ด์š”?
How did you pay all this expensive tuition?

๊ตญ๋น„

gukppi
public funds; government expenses
๊ตญ๊ฐ€ ์œ ๊ณต์ž์ด์‹  ํ• ์•„๋ฒ„์ง€๋Š” ๊ตญ๋น„๋กœ ๋ณ‘์› ์ง„๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์œผ์…จ๋‹ค.
My grandfather, a man of national merit, received hospital treatment at government expense.
๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ตญ๋น„ ์œ ํ•™์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ์„ ๋ฐœ๋˜์–ด ์ด ๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ ์ผ๋ณธ์—์„œ ์žฅํ•™๊ธˆ์„ ๋ฐ›์œผ๋ฉฐ ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
I was selected as a government-funded international student and studied in Japan for two years with a scholarship.
๋”์›Œ์„œ ๋„์ €ํžˆ ์ผ์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์„ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์€๋ฐ ์—์–ด์ปจ์„ ํ‹€๋ฉด ์•ˆ ๋ ๊นŒ์š”?
It's so hot that I don't think I can work. Can I turn on the air conditioner?

๋ฌต๋น„๊ถŒ

mukppigwon
right to silence
ํ”ผ๊ณ ์ธ์˜ ๋ฌต๋น„๊ถŒ.
The defendant's right to remain silent.
๋ฌต๋น„๊ถŒ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋‹ค.
use the right to remain silent
๋ฌต๋น„๊ถŒ์„ ์ธ์ •ํ•˜๋‹ค.
Recognize the right to remain silent.

๊ณต๊ณต์‹œ์„ค

gonggongsiseol
public facilities
์ •๋ถ€์—์„œ๋Š” ์‹œ๋ฏผ๋“ค์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ณต๊ณต์‹œ์„ค์„ ๋Š˜๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ฐœํ‘œํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
The government announced that it would increase public facilities for citizens.
์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์ง‘์€ ๊ทผ์ฒ˜์— ๊ณต์›๊ณผ ๋ณ‘์› ๋“ฑ์˜ ๊ณต๊ณต์‹œ์„ค์ด ๋งŽ์•„์„œ ์‚ด๊ธฐ ํŽธํ•˜๋‹ค.
My house is convenient to live in because there are public facilities such as parks and hospitals nearby.
๊ณต์ค‘ ํ™”์žฅ์‹ค์ด ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋”๋Ÿฌ์šด ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„.
I think public restrooms are so dirty.

๊ณต์‹œ

gongsi
public announcement
์€ํ–‰์˜ ์ž๊ธˆ ์šด์˜ ์ƒํƒœ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์˜ ๊ณต์‹œ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ํŒŒ์•…ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.
The status of a bank's financial operations can be determined through management disclosure data.
๊ฐ ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต์—์„œ ์กธ์—…์ƒ๋“ค์˜ ์ทจ์—… ํ˜„ํ™ฉ์„ ์•Œ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ณต์‹œ ์ง€ํ‘œ๋ฅผ ๋‚ด๋†“์•˜๋‹ค.
Each university has released public indicators that inform the employment status of graduates.
์ œ๊ฐ€ ์‹ ๊ณ ํ•œ ์žฌ์‚ฐ ์ƒํ™ฉ์€ ์‚ฌ์‹ค๊ณผ ๋™์ผํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
The property situation I reported is true.

๊ณต์‹œ๋˜๋‹ค

gongsidoeda
be published; be made public
๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ณต์‹œ๋œ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ์ฐธ๊ณ ํ•˜์—ฌ ์‹ ์ค‘ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ฃผ์‹ ํˆฌ์ž๋ฅผ ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
I carefully decided to invest in stocks by referring to the published information.
๋งค๋…„ ์‹ ์šฉ ํ‰๊ฐ€ ๊ธฐ๊ด€์—์„œ ๋ฐœํ‘œํ•˜๋Š” ๊ธฐ์—…์˜ ์‹ ์šฉ ๋“ฑ๊ธ‰์ด ์ผ๋ฐ˜์— ๊ณต์‹œ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค.
The credit ratings of companies announced by credit rating agencies every year have been made public.
์ด๋ฒˆ์— ์ˆ˜์ •๋œ ๋ฒ•๋ฅ ์˜ ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
I would like to know the contents of this revised law.

๊ตญ์‹œ

gukssi
national policy
์œ ๊ต๊ฐ€ ๊ตญ์‹œ์˜€๋˜ ์กฐ์„ ์€ ํšจ์™€ ์˜ˆ์˜๋ฅผ ์ค‘์‹œํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
Joseon, where Confucianism was the state religion, placed great importance on filial piety and courtesy.
๋ฏผ์ฃผ์ฃผ์˜๋ฅผ ๊ตญ์‹œ๋กœ ์‚ผ๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋‚˜๋ผ๋Š” ๊ตญ๋ฏผ์ด ๋‚˜๋ผ์˜ ์ฃผ์ธ์ด๋‹ค.
In our country, where democracy is the national policy, the people are the owners of the country.
๋ฏผ์ค‘๋“ค์ด ์กฐ์„  ์‹œ๋Œ€ ๋ง์— ์ „๊ตญ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐ˜๋ž€์„ ์ผ์œผํ‚ค๋ฉด์„œ ๋‚˜๋ผ ์ „์ฒด์— ํฐ ๋ณ€ํ™”๊ฐ€ ์‹œ์ž‘๋๊ตฐ์š”.
As the people revolted nationwide at the end of the Joseon Dynasty, great changes began throughout the country.

๊ณ ๋ ‡์ง€

goreochi
of course; that's right
์ด๊ฑธ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ๋‹ค ๊ปด ๋„ฃ์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ ๋งž๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”?
I put this here. Is this correct?
๊ณ ๋ ‡์ง€. ๊ณ ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์•ผ.
That's right. That's how you do it.
์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜์ด ์•ˆ ๊ณ„์‹ค ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์„œ ์šฐํŽธํ•จ์— ์„œ๋ฅ˜๋ฅผ ๋„ฃ์–ด ๋‘์—ˆ์–ด์š”.
I thought the teacher might not be there, so I put the documents in the mailbox.

๊ณต๋™๋ฌ˜์ง€

gongdongmyoji
public cemetery
๊ณต๋™๋ฌ˜์ง€์—๋Š” ์ˆ˜๋งŽ์€ ๋ฌด๋ค๋“ค์ด ๋ชจ์—ฌ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค.
There were numerous graves gathered in the cemetery.
ํ• ์•„๋ฒ„์ง€๋Š” ๋งˆ์„ ์–ด๋ฅด์‹ ๋“ค์ด ์ž ๋“ค์–ด ๊ณ„์‹  ๊ณต๋™๋ฌ˜์ง€์— ๋ฌปํžˆ์…จ๋‹ค.
My grandfather was buried in the cemetery where the village elders rest.
์—ฌ๊ธฐ๋Š” ์™œ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋ฌ˜๋น„๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ์„๊นŒ?
Why are there so many tombstones here?

๊ณต์œ ์ง€

gongyuji
public land; land for common use
๊ณต์œ ์ง€์— ํ•ด๋‹นํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฐ๋ฆผ์€ ๊ฐœ์ธ ๊ฐ„์— ๊ฑฐ๋ž˜ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋‹ค.
Forests that are public lands cannot be traded between individuals.
์ •๋ถ€๋Š” ๊ณต์œ ์ง€๋ฅผ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ•ด์„œ ์ €๋ ดํ•œ ์•„ํŒŒํŠธ๋ฅผ ๊ณต๊ธ‰ํ•  ๊ณ„ํš์ด๋‹ค.
The government plans to develop public land and supply affordable apartments.
๋ช‡์‹ญ ๋…„์งธ ์†Œ์œ ์ฃผ๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ํ† ์ง€๊ฐ€ ๊ณต์œ ์ง€๋กœ ๊ท€์†๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค.
Land that had been unclaimed for decades was returned to public ownership.

๊ฐœ๊ฐ•ํ•˜๋‹ค

gaeganghada
begin a class; begin a course
์‹œ๋ฆฝ ์ฒด์œก๊ด€์—์„œ๋Š” ๋งค๋‹ฌ ์ดˆ ์‹œ๋ฏผ๋“ค์„ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ์ƒํ™œ ์ฒด์œก ๊ฐ•์ขŒ๋ฅผ ๊ฐœ๊ฐ•ํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
The city gym opened daily physical education classes for citizens at the beginning of every month.
๋ฐฉํ•™์ด ๋๋‚˜๊ณ  ํ•™๊ต๊ฐ€ ๊ฐœ๊ฐ•ํ•˜์ž ์บ ํผ์Šค๋Š” ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค๋กœ ๋ถ์ ์˜€๋‹ค.
When the vacation ended and school started, the campus was crowded with students.
๋„ˆํฌ ํ•™๊ต๋Š” ์–ธ์ œ ๊ฐœ๊ฐ•ํ•ด?
When does your school start?

๊ตญ๋‚ด๋ฒ•

gungnaebeop
domestic law; municipal law
ํ•œ๊ตญ์˜ ํšŒ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์—์„œ ์‚ฌ์—…์„ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ๊ตญ๋‚ด๋ฒ•์„ ์ค€์ˆ˜ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค.
If a Korean company does business in the United States, it must comply with U.S. domestic laws.
์ด ๋ถˆ๋ฒ• ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ํ•ด์™ธ์—์„œ ์šด์˜๋˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๊ตญ๋‚ด๋ฒ•์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์ฒ˜๋ฒŒํ•˜๊ธฐ ์–ด๋ ต๋‹ค.
Because these illegal sites operate overseas, it is difficult to punish them under domestic law.
์ด์›ƒ ๋‚˜๋ผ์™€์˜ ์˜ํ†  ๋ถ„์Ÿ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๋ฉด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋‚˜์š”?
How should a territorial dispute with a neighboring country be resolved?

๋‚ด๊ตญ์ธ

naegugin
native; citizen
๋‚ด๊ตญ์ธ๊ณผ ๊ฒฐํ˜ผํ•œ ์™ธ๊ตญ์ธ๋“ค์€ ์ผ๋ถ€ ์„ธ๊ธˆ์ด ๋ฉด์ œ๋œ๋‹ค.
Foreigners who marry Koreans are exempt from some taxes.
๋‚ด๊ตญ์ธ์ด ๋งŒ์กฑํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๋Š” ๊ตญ๋‚ด ๊ด€๊ด‘์ง€๋ฅผ ์™ธ๊ตญ์ธ์ด ์ข‹์•„ํ•  ๋ฆฌ ์—†๋‹ค.
There is no way foreigners will like domestic tourist destinations that locals are not satisfied with.
๋‚ด๊ตญ์ธ ๊ทผ๋กœ์ž.
Domestic workers.

๊ฐ•๋Œ€๊ตญ

gangdaeguk
powerful nation
๊ฐ•๋Œ€๊ตญ์€ ๋ฌด๋ ฅ์œผ๋กœ ์ฃผ๋ณ€ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€์˜ ์˜ํ† ๋ฅผ ์นจ๋ฒ”ํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
Powerful countries invaded the territories of neighboring countries by force.
์ผ๋ณธ์€ ์ „์Ÿ์˜ ์•„ํ””์„ ์”ป๊ณ  ๊ฒฝ์ œ ๊ฐ•๋Œ€๊ตญ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐœ์ „ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.
Japan washed away the pain of war and developed into an economic powerhouse.
๋ฏธ๊ตญ์€ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์ ์œผ๋กœ๋‚˜ ๊ตฐ์‚ฌ์ ์œผ๋กœ๋‚˜ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ๊ฐ•๋Œ€๊ตญ์ด๋‹ค.
The United States is the world's greatest power, both economically and militarily.

์™ธ๋ž˜๋ฌธํ™”

oeraemunhwa
foreign culture
๊ตํ†ต ๋ฐ ํ†ต์‹  ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์˜ ๋ฐœ๋‹ฌ๋กœ ์ ์  ๋” ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์™ธ๋ž˜๋ฌธํ™”๊ฐ€ ์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ๋“ค์–ด์˜ค๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค.
With the development of transportation and communication technology, more and more diverse foreign cultures are being introduced easily.
๊ทธ ๋‚˜๋ผ์˜ ๊ณ ์œ ํ•œ ๋ฌธํ™”์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ž๊ธ์‹ฌ์ด ์—†๋Š” ์‚ฌํšŒ์ผ์ˆ˜๋ก ์™ธ๋ž˜๋ฌธํ™”๋ฅผ ์ง€๋‚˜์น˜๊ฒŒ ์ˆญ์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค.
A society that lacks pride in its own culture tends to overly reverence foreign cultures.
๋„ˆ๋Š” ์™ธ๋ž˜๋ฌธํ™”๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์•„๋“ค์ด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋‹ˆ?
What do you think about embracing foreign cultures?

๊ฒฝ๋งค

gyeongmae
auction; public sale
๊ธ‰ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ˆ์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ์Šน๊ทœ๋Š” ์•„๋ผ๋˜ ์ž๋™์ฐจ๋ฅผ ๊ฒฝ๋งค์— ๋‚ด๋†“์•˜๋‹ค.
Seung-gyu, who urgently needs money, puts his beloved car up for auction.
์œ ๋ช…ํ•œ ํ™”๊ฐ€์˜ ๊ทธ๋ฆผ๊ณผ ์• ์žฅํ’ˆ๋“ค์ด ๊ฒฝ๋งค์— ๋ถ€์ณ์ ธ ๋†’์€ ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ์— ๋‚™์ฐฐ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค.
Paintings and cherished items by famous artists were auctioned and sold at high prices.
์ง‘์€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ฒ˜๋ถ„ํ•  ๊ณ„ํš์ด์—์š”?
How do you plan to dispose of the house?

๋งค๊ด€๋งค์ง

maegwanmaejik
traffic in government positions
๋งค๊ด€๋งค์ง์ด ํ”ํ–ˆ๋˜ ์‹œ์ ˆ์—๋Š” ๋ˆ๋งŒ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉด ๊ด€๋ฃŒ๊ฐ€ ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค.
In the days when salesmanship was common, you could become a bureaucrat as long as you had money.
๋งค๊ด€๋งค์ง์˜ ์„ฑํ–‰์œผ๋กœ ์–‘๋ฐ˜์ธต ๋‚ด๋ถ€์˜ ๊ณ„์ธต ๋ถ„ํ™”๊ฐ€ ๋”์šฑ ์‹ฌํ•ด์กŒ๋‹ค.
Due to the prevalence of selling magic, class differentiation within the noble class became more severe.
๋งค๊ด€๋งค์ง์ด ๋Š˜์–ด๋‚˜๋ฉด์„œ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ๋“ค์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ณต๊ฒฝ๊ณผ ๋ฏฟ์Œ์€ ์ค„์–ด๋“ค๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค.
As the number of concessions increases, respect for and trust in officials is decreasing.

์„ธํƒœ

setae
social conditions
์˜ค๋Š˜์˜ ์„ธํƒœ.
Today's situation.
์„ธํƒœ๊ฐ€ ๋ณ€ํ•˜๋‹ค.
The social situation changes.
์„ธํƒœ๊ฐ€ ์–ด์ง€๋Ÿฝ๋‹ค.
The situation is dizzy.

๊ด€๊ณต์„œ

gwangongseo
government office
๊ณต๋ฌด์› ์‹œํ—˜์— ํ•ฉ๊ฒฉํ•œ ์Šน๊ทœ๋Š” ์•ž์œผ๋กœ ๊ด€๊ณต์„œ์—์„œ ๊ทผ๋ฌดํ•  ์˜ˆ์ •์ด๋‹ค.
Seung-gyu, who passed the civil service exam, plans to work in a government office in the future.
์ฆ๋ช…์„œ์—๋Š” ๊ด€๊ณต์„œ์—์„œ ๋ฐœํ–‰ํ•œ ์„œ๋ฅ˜์ž„์„ ์ฆ๋ช…ํ•˜๋Š” ์ง์ธ์ด ์ฐํ˜€ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค.
The certificate had a stamp proving that it was a document issued by a government office.
๊ด€๊ณต์„œ๋ฅผ ์ง์ ‘ ์ฐพ๊ธฐ ์–ด๋ ค์šธ ๋•Œ ์ด์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ „์ž ๋ฏผ์› ์„œ๋น„์Šค๊ฐ€ ๊ฐœํ†ต๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค.
An electronic civil service service has been launched that can be used when it is difficult to find a government office in person.

๋ฒ•์งˆ์„œ

beopjjilseo
law and order
๋ชจ๋“  ๊ตญ๋ฏผ๋“ค์€ ์ƒํ™œ ์† ๋ฒ•์งˆ์„œ๋ฅผ ์Šค์Šค๋กœ ์ง€ํ‚ค๊ณ  ์‹ค์ฒœํ•  ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค.
All citizens need to protect and practice law and order in their daily lives.
๋ฒ•์งˆ์„œ์™€ ๊ณต๊ถŒ๋ ฅ์„ ์กด์ค‘ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ทœ๋ฒ”์ด ์ •์ฐฉ๋˜์–ด์•ผ ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ์•ˆ์ •์„ฑ์ด ๋†’์•„์ง„๋‹ค.
Social stability will increase only when norms respecting law and order and public power are established.
๋ฒ•์งˆ์„œ๊ฐ€ ์ž˜ ์ง€์ผœ์ง€๋Š” ๊ตญ๊ฐ€์ผ์ˆ˜๋ก ์‹œ๋ฏผ๋“ค์˜ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์‹ ๋ขฐ ์ˆ˜์ค€์ด ๋†’์€ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค.
It was found that in countries where law and order are well maintained, citizens have a higher level of trust in the country.

๋“ค์–ด๋งž๋‹ค

deureomattta
come true; prove right
๋ง‰์—ฐํ•œ ์ถ”์ธก์œผ๋กœ ํ•œ ๋ง์ด ๋“ค์–ด๋งž์ž ๋‚˜๋„ ๋‹นํ™ฉ์Šค๋Ÿฌ์› ๋‹ค.
I was also embarrassed when my vague guess turned out to be true.
๋‚ด ์˜ˆ๊ฐ์€ ๋Š˜ ๋“ค์–ด๋งž๋Š”๋ฐ ์ด๋ฒˆ ์ผ๋„ ์˜ˆ๊ฐ์ด ์ข‹์€ ๊ฑธ ๋ณด๋‹ˆ ์ž˜๋  ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•˜๋‹ค.
My premonitions are always right, but this time, seeing as my premonitions were good, I thought things would go well.
๋„ค ์˜ˆ์ƒ์ด ๋“ค์–ด๋งž์•˜์–ด.
Your prediction was correct.

์–ดํ—ˆ

eoheo
oh; right
์ˆ™๋ถ€๋‹˜, ๊ทธ๊ฐ„ ํ‰์•ˆํ•˜์…จ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
Uncle, have you been well?
์–ดํ—ˆ! ๋„ค๊ฐ€ ๋ฒŒ์จ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์ž๋ž๊ตฌ๋‚˜.
Uh huh! You've already grown up like this.
์กฐ๊ธˆ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉด ์—ด๋‘ ์‹œ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ์ด์ œ ๊ฐ€์•ผ ํ•  ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”.
It's 12 o'clock soon, so I think I should go now.

๊ธฐ์„ฑ์„ธ๋Œ€

giseongsedae
older generation
์‚ฌํšŒ์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™” ์†๋„๊ฐ€ ๋น ๋ฅผ์ˆ˜๋ก ๊ธฐ์„ฑ์„ธ๋Œ€์™€ ์‹ ์„ธ๋Œ€ ์‚ฌ์ด์˜ ๊ฐˆ๋“ฑ์ด ์žฆ์•„์ง„๋‹ค.
The faster the pace of social change, the more frequent conflicts between the older generation and the new generation.
์š”์ฆ˜ ์ Š์€ ์„ธ๋Œ€๋Š” ๊ธฐ์„ฑ์„ธ๋Œ€์— ๋น„ํ•ด ๊ฒฝ์ œ์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ’์š”๋กœ์šด ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์—์„œ ์„ฑ์žฅํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
These days, the younger generation has grown up in an economically more prosperous environment than the older generation.
๊ธฐ์„ฑ์„ธ๋Œ€์˜ ๊ฐ€์น˜๊ด€.
The values โ€‹โ€‹of the older generation.

๋Œ€๋ฒˆ์—

daebeone
right away
์Šน๊ทœ๋Š” ์ˆ˜์ˆ˜๊ป˜๋ผ๋ฅผ ๋“ฃ์ž๋งˆ์ž ๋Œ€๋ฒˆ์— ์•Œ์•„๋งžํ˜”๋‹ค.
As soon as Seunggyu heard the riddle, he guessed it right away.
์•ˆ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋˜ ์•„๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋‹ฅ์— ๋ˆ•ํžˆ์ž ์•„๊ธฐ๋Š” ๋Œ€๋ฒˆ์— ์šธ์Œ์„ ํ„ฐ๋œจ๋ ธ๋‹ค.
When I laid the baby I was holding on the floor, the baby immediately started crying.
์˜ค๋žœ๋งŒ์— ๋งŒ๋‚ฌ๋Š”๋ฐ๋„ ๋„ค ์–ผ๊ตด์€ ๋Œ€๋ฒˆ์— ์•Œ์•„๋ณด๊ฒ ๋‹ค.
Even though it's been a while since we last met, I recognize your face right away.

๊ด€์ œ

gwanje
administrative law
ํ—Œ๋ฒ• ๊ฐœ์ •์— ์ด์–ด์„œ ๊ด€์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ƒˆ๋กœ ์ œ์ •๋  ๊ณ„ํš์ด๋‹ค.
Following the constitutional amendment, a new government system is planned to be enacted.
์ง€๋ฐฉ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๋ถˆ๋ฆฌํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ ์šฉ๋˜์—ˆ๋˜ ๊ด€์ œ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๊พธ๊ธฐ๋กœ ํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
It was decided to change the government regulations that were applied unfavorably to local officials.
์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์™•์€ ๊ฐœํ˜ ์ •์ฑ…์˜ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋กœ์„œ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋‹ค์Šค๋ฆด ๊ด€์ œ๋ฅผ ๊ฐœํŽธํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.
As part of his reform policy, the new king reorganized the government system that governed the government.

๊ตญ์ œ๋ฒ•

gukjjebeop
international law
์„ธ๊ณ„์˜ ํ‰ํ™”์™€ ์•ˆ์ „์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋ชจ๋“  ๋‚˜๋ผ๋“ค์€ ๊ตญ์ œ๋ฒ•์„ ๋”ฐ๋ผ์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค.
For world peace and security, all countries must follow international law.
๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋‚˜๋ผ๋ฅผ ๋ฌด๋ ฅ์œผ๋กœ ๊ณต๊ฒฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ตญ์ œ๋ฒ•์— ์œ„๋ฐ˜๋˜๋Š” ํ–‰์œ„์ด๋‹ค.
Attacking another country by force is a violation of international law.
๊ตญ์ œ๋ฒ•์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด ํ—ˆ๊ฐ€ ์—†์ด ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋‚˜๋ผ์˜ ๋ฐ”๋‹ค์—์„œ ๊ณ ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์žก๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ถˆ๋ฒ•์ด๋‹ค.
According to international law, it is illegal to fish in another country's waters without permission.

๊ทœ์ œ์ฑ…

gyujechaek
restriction policy
ํˆฌ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๊ณผ์—ด๋˜์–ด ์ฃผํƒ ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ์ด ๊ธ‰๋“ฑํ•˜์ž ์ •๋ถ€์—์„œ ๋ถ€๋™์‚ฐ ๊ฑฐ๋ž˜๋ฅผ ์ œํ•œํ•˜๋Š” ๊ทœ์ œ์ฑ…์„ ๋ฐœํ‘œํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
As speculation overheated and housing prices soared, the government announced regulations restricting real estate transactions.
์ „์ž ์ƒ๊ฑฐ๋ž˜์˜ ํ™œ์„ฑํ™”๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฌธ์ œ์ ์„ ์˜ˆ์ธกํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฏธ๋ฆฌ ๊ทœ์ œ์ฑ…์„ ๋งˆ๋ จํ•  ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค.
It is necessary to anticipate problems that may arise due to the activation of e-commerce and prepare regulatory measures in advance.
์ตœ๊ทผ ๊ธฐ์Šน์„ ๋ถ€๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์‹ ์ข… ๋ฒ”์ฃ„๋ฅผ ์ฒ˜๋ฒŒํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ทœ์ œ์ฑ…์ด ์—†์–ด์„œ ๊ฒฝ์ฐฐ์ด ์ œ๋Œ€๋กœ ๋‹จ์†์„ ๋ฒŒ์ด์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค.
The police are unable to properly crack down on new crimes that have recently become rampant due to the lack of regulatory measures to punish them.

์ผ์ฒด๊ฐ

ilchegam
sense of unity; sense of community
๋‹ค ๊ฐ™์ด ๋ชจ์—ฌ ์ถ•๊ตฌ ๊ฒฝ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์‘์›ํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋“ค์€ ์ผ์ฒด๊ฐ์„ ๋А๊ผˆ๋‹ค.
As we all gathered together to cheer for the soccer game, we felt a sense of unity.
์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฐ™์ด ๋•€ ํ˜๋ฆฌ๋ฉฐ ์šด๋™์„ ํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ•˜๋‚˜๋ผ๋Š” ์ผ์ฒด๊ฐ์„ ๋ง›๋ณด์•˜๋‹ค.
By sweating and exercising together, we experienced a sense of unity.
์™ธ๊ตญ์—์„œ ํ•œ๊ตญ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ๋งŒ๋‚ฌ์„ ๋•Œ ๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ตญ๋ฏผ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์ผ์ฒด๊ฐ, ๊ณต๋™์ฒด ์˜์‹ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ฒฝํ—˜ํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
When I met Koreans abroad, I experienced a sense of unity and community as fellow citizens.

์—ฌ๋ก 

yeoron
public opinion; prevailing view
์ •์น˜๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์—ฌ๋ก ์— ๊ท€๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์šธ์—ฌ์•ผ ์ข‹์€ ์ •์น˜๋ฅผ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.
People in politics must listen to public opinion to be able to do good politics.
์–ผ๋งˆ ์ „ ์ƒˆ๋กœ ๋ฐœํ‘œํ•œ ์ •๋ถ€์˜ ์ •์ฑ…์„ ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€ํ•˜๋Š” ์—ฌ๋ก ์ด ์ ์  ๋†’์•„์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค.
Public opinion opposing the newly announced government policy is increasing.
์ธํ„ฐ๋„ท ์—ฌ๋ก  ์กฐ์‚ฌ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋Š” ๋ฏฟ์„ ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ์—†์–ด.
I can't believe the results of internet polls.

์—ฌ์„ฑ๊ณ„

yeoseonggye
women's circles; women's community
์ €์ถœ์‚ฐ ์‹œ๋Œ€์— ์—ฌ์„ฑ๊ณ„๋Š” ์•ž์žฅ์„œ์„œ ์ถœ์‚ฐ ์žฅ๋ ค ์šด๋™์— ์ ๊ทน ๋™์ฐธํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
In an era of low birth rates, the women's community took the lead and actively participated in the movement to encourage childbirth.
์—ฌ์„ฑ๊ณ„๋Š” ๋‚จ์„ฑ ์ค‘์‹ฌ์˜ ๊ตญํšŒ๋‚˜ ์ •๋‹น์— ์—ฌ์„ฑ์˜ ์ฐธ์—ฌ๋ฅผ ๋Š˜๋ ค์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ฃผ์žฅํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
The women's community argued that women's participation should be increased in the male-dominated National Assembly and political parties.
๋‚ด์ผ์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์ง€์—ญ์˜ ์—ฌ์„ฑ๊ณ„ ์ธ์‚ฌ๋“ค์„ ์ดˆ์ฒญํ•ด ๊ฐ™์ด ์‹์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
Tomorrow, we are planning to invite local female figures to have a meal with us.

์‚ผ๋ฅ˜

samnyu
being third-rate; being third-class; low grade
๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ณต๋ถ€๋ฅผ ๋“ฑํ•œ์‹œํ–ˆ๊ณ  ๊ทธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ์‚ผ๋ฅ˜ ๋Œ€ํ•™์— ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐˆ ์ˆ˜๋ฐ–์— ์—†์—ˆ๋‹ค.
He neglected his studies and as a result had no choice but to enter a third-rate university.
์ž์‹ ์˜ ์ˆ˜์ต๋งŒ ์ฑ™๊ธฐ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์˜์ž๋Š” ์‚ผ๋ฅ˜ ๋ฆฌ๋”์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ ์œ„๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ธฐ์—…์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋‹ค.
Managers who only care about their own profits are third-rate leaders and cannot create a great company.
์‚ผ๋ฅ˜ ๊ฑด๋‹ฌ.
A third-rate scoundrel.

์ง์‚ผ๊ฐํ˜•

jikssamgakyeong
right triangle
์ง์‚ผ๊ฐํ˜• ๋น—๋ณ€ ๊ธธ์ด์˜ ์ œ๊ณฑ์€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋‘ ๋ณ€ ์ œ๊ณฑ์˜ ํ•ฉ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค.
The square of the length of the hypotenuse of a right triangle is equal to the sum of the squares of the other two sides.
๊ณ ๋Œ€ ์ด์ง‘ํŠธ์ธ๋“ค์€ ์ง์‚ผ๊ฐํ˜•๋ฅผ ์™„์ „ํ•œ ์‚ผ๊ฐํ˜•์œผ๋กœ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ๊ณ  ํ”ผ๋ผ๋ฏธ๋“œ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•œ๋‹ค.
It is said that the ancient Egyptians considered a right triangle to be a perfect triangle and built pyramids.
์ง์‚ผ๊ฐํ˜• ๊ตฌ์กฐ.
Right triangle structure.

๊ณต๊ต์œก

gonggyoyuk
public education
๊ณต๊ต์œก์ด ํ™œ์„ฑํ™”๋˜์–ด์•ผ ๋‚˜๋ผ์˜ ๊ต์œก์ด ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์„ ๋‹ค.
The country's education will be in order only when public education is activated.
๊ณต๊ต์œก ์นจ์ฒด์˜ ์›์ธ์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์„ธ์š”?
What do you think is the cause of the downturn in public education?
ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์ด ํ•™๊ต ๊ต์œก์„ ์‹ ๋ขฐํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฐ ๋ฌธ์ œ์ด์ง€์š”.
The biggest problem is that students do not trust school education.

๊ต์œก๋ฒ•

gyoyukppeop
education law
ํ˜„ํ–‰ ๊ต์œก๋ฒ•์€ ์›์น™์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ชจ๋“  ์ข…๋ฅ˜์˜ ์ฒด๋ฒŒ์„ ๊ธˆ์ง€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค.
The current education law, in principle, prohibits all types of corporal punishment.
๊ตญํšŒ์—์„œ ๋ฌด์ƒ ๊ต์œก๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จํ•œ ๊ต์œก๋ฒ• ๊ฐœ์ •์•ˆ ๋ฐœ์˜๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค.
There was a proposal to amend the Education Act related to free education in the National Assembly.
์ผ๋ถ€ ๊ต์‚ฌ๋“ค์ด ์ •์น˜์  ์ค‘๋ฆฝ์„ ์ง€ํ‚ค์ง€ ์•Š์•„์„œ ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
This is becoming a problem because some teachers do not maintain political neutrality.

์•ฝ์œก๊ฐ•์‹

yagyukkkangsik
law of the jungle; the weak becoming prey to the strong
๋™๋ฌผ๋“ค์˜ ์„ธ๊ณ„๋Š” ์•ฝ์œก๊ฐ•์‹์˜ ์งˆ์„œ๊ฐ€ ์ฒ ์ €ํ•˜๋‹ค.
In the animal world, the law of the fittest is strict.
์•ฝํ•œ ์ž๋ผ๋„ ์ง€ํ˜œ์™€ ์šฉ๊ธฐ๋กœ ์•ฝ์œก๊ฐ•์‹์„ ๋’ค์ง‘๊ณ  ๊ฐ•ํ•œ ์ž๋ฅผ ์ด๊ธธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.
Even the weak can overturn the rule of the fittest and defeat the strong with wisdom and courage.
๊ฒฝ์Ÿ๋ ฅ์ด ์•ฝํ•œ ํšŒ์‚ฌ๋Š” ๊ฒฐ๊ตญ ์•ฝ์œก๊ฐ•์‹์˜ ๋ฒ•์น™๋Œ€๋กœ ํฐ ๊ธฐ์—…๊ณผ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์Ÿ์—์„œ ์ง€๊ธฐ ๋งˆ๋ จ์ด์•ผ.
A company with weak competitiveness will eventually lose in competition with larger companies, following the law of the fittest.

๊ฐ„์„ 

ganseon
main line, main road
์ฃผ์š” ๊ฐ„์„ ์œผ๋กœ ์ฐจ๋Ÿ‰๋“ค์ด ๋ชฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฉด์„œ ๋„๋กœ๊ฐ€ ๋ณต์žกํ•ด์กŒ๋‹ค.
As vehicles crowded onto the main roads, traffic became congested.
๊ฐ„์„ ์„ ์‹œํ–‰ํ•ด์•ผ ์ข€ ๋” ๋นจ๋ฆฌ ํˆฌํ‘œ๊ฐ€ ๋๋‚  ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„.
I think the voting will finish faster if we hold an indirect election.

๊ฐ•๊ถŒ

ganggwon
forceful urging
๊ณผ๋„ํ•œ ์Œ์ฃผ ๊ฐ•๊ถŒ์€ ์‚ฌ๋ผ์ ธ์•ผ ํ•  ๋ฌธํ™” ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์ด๋‹ค.
Forcefully pressuring people to drink excessively is a custom that should disappear.
์ •๋ถ€๋Š” ๊ฐ•๊ถŒ์„ ๋ฐœ๋™ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ถˆ๋ฒ• ์ง‘ํšŒ๋ฅผ ํ•ด์‚ฐ์‹œ์ผฐ๋‹ค.
The government exercised its coercive authority to disperse the illegal rally.

๊ฐ•์Šต

gangseup
surprise attack
์†Œ๋Œ€์žฅ์€ ์ ์˜ ๊ฐ•์Šต์— ๋Œ€๋น„ํ•ด ๋ฐฉ์–ด๋ฒฝ์„ ๋”์šฑ ๋†’๊ฒŒ ์Œ“์œผ๋ผ๊ณ  ์ง€์‹œํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
The platoon leader ordered the defensive wall to be built even higher in preparation for a surprise enemy attack.
๊ตฌ์ฒญ์—์„œ๋Š” ์ฃผ๋ถ€๋ฅผ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฌด๋ฃŒ๋กœ ์š”๋ฆฌ ๊ฐ•์Šต์„ ํ•ด ์ฃผ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค.
The district office is offering free cooking classes for housewives.

๊ฐœ์ •

gaejeong
revision, amendment
๋…ธ๋™์ž๋“ค์€ ๋ถˆ๋ฆฌํ•œ ๋ฒ•์˜ ๊ฐœ์ •์„ ์š”๊ตฌํ•˜๋ฉฐ ์‹œ์œ„๋ฅผ ๋ฒŒ์˜€๋‹ค.
The workers protested, demanding the revision of the unfavorable law.
์ •๋ถ€๋Š” ๋ฒ„์Šค ์š”๊ธˆ์„ ์ธ์ƒํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ์š”๊ธˆ์˜ ๊ฐœ์ • ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ์•Œ๋ ธ๋‹ค.
The government announced the revision of the fare as it raised bus fares.
์ด ์ฑ…์€ ์ž˜๋ชป๋œ ๋‚ด์šฉ์ด ๋งŽ์•„ ๋‹ค์‹œ ๊ฐœ์ •์„ ํ•ด์„œ ์ถœํŒํ•˜๊ธฐ๋กœ ํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
This book had a lot of incorrect content, so it was decided to revise it and republish it.

๊ฐœ์ •๋˜๋‹ค

gaejeongdoeda
to be revised
์ •๊ถŒ์ด ๋ฐ”๋€Œ๋ฉด์„œ ๊ธฐ์กด ํ—Œ๋ฒ•์˜ ์ž˜๋ชป๋œ ๋‚ด์šฉ๋“ค์ด ๊ฐœ์ •๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค.
As the regime changed, the incorrect parts of the existing constitution were revised.
๋‚ด๋…„๋ถ€ํ„ฐ๋Š” ๊ฐœ์ •๋œ ๊ต์œก ๊ณผ์ •์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ํ•™๊ต ๊ต์œก์ด ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์ง„๋‹ค.
Starting next year, school education will follow the reformed curriculum.
๊ต๊ณผ์„œ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐœ์ •๋ผ์„œ ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋™์ƒ์—๊ฒŒ ์ฑ…์„ ๋ฌผ๋ ค์ค„ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค.
The textbook was revised, so I couldn't hand my book down to my younger sibling.

๊ฐœ์ •ํ•˜๋‹ค

gaejeonghada
to revise, amend
์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์ง€๋„์ž๋Š” ๊ทธ๋™์•ˆ ๊ตญ๋ฏผ๋“ค์„ ํž˜๋“ค๊ฒŒ ํ–ˆ๋˜ ์•…๋ฒ•์„ ๊ฐœ์ •ํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
The new leader revised the unjust law that had been burdening the people.
์ •๋ถ€์—์„œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์˜ ์‹ค์ œ ์–ธ์–ด์ƒํ™œ์„ ๋ฐ˜์˜ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋งž์ถค๋ฒ•์„ ๊ฐœ์ •ํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
The government revised the spelling rules to reflect people's actual language use.
์ด ์ฑ…์€ ์˜ค๋ž˜์ „์— ์“ด ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ ์‹œ๋Œ€์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™”์— ๋งž๊ฒŒ ์ผ๋ถ€๋ฅผ ๊ฐœ์ •ํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
Since this book was written a long time ago, some parts were revised to match the changes of the times.

๊ฐœํ‘œ

gaepyo
ticket check
๊ธฐ์ฐจ ์ถœ๋ฐœ ์‹ญ์˜ค ๋ถ„ ์ „, ๊ฐœํ‘œ๋ฅผ ์•Œ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์•ˆ๋‚ด ๋ฐฉ์†ก์ด ๋“ค๋ ธ๋‹ค.
Fifteen minutes before the train departed, an announcement was heard about the ticket check.
๊ฐœํ‘œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ, ์Šน๊ทœ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐ˜์žฅ์œผ๋กœ ๋‹น์„ ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค.
According to the ballot count, Seunggyu was elected class president.

๊ฐœํ‘œํ•˜๋‹ค

gaepyohada
to check tickets
์ง€์ˆ˜๋Š” ๊ธฐ์ฐจํ‘œ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์„œ ๊ฐœํ‘œํ•œ ํ›„ ๊ธฐ์ฐจ์— ์˜ฌ๋ž๋‹ค.
Jisu bought a train ticket, had it checked, and boarded the train.
์„ ๊ฑฐ๋Š” ๋๋‚ฌ์ง€๋งŒ ์•„์ง ๊ฐœํ‘œํ•œ ๊ณณ์€ ์—†๋‹ค.
The election is over, but no ballots have been counted yet.

๊ฐœํ™”

gaehwa
enlightenment, civilization
๊ฐœํ™” ์ •์ฑ…์„ ํŽผ์น˜๋ ค๋˜ ์™•์˜ ๋œป์ด ๋ณด์ˆ˜ํŒŒ์˜ ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€์— ๋ถ€๋”ช์ณค๋‹ค.
The king's intention to carry out enlightenment policies met with opposition from conservatives.
๋ชฉ๋ จ ๊ฝƒ์˜ ๊ฐœํ™”๋กœ ๋ด„์ด ์˜ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.
The blooming of the magnolia flowers tells us that spring is coming.

๊ฒฉ

gyeok
status, level of dignity
๊ทธ ๊ท€๋ถ€์ธ์€ ๊ฒฉ์ด ๋†’์€ ํƒœ๋„๋กœ ์†๋‹˜๋“ค์„ ๋งž์ดํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.
The noblewoman welcomed the guests with a dignified, high-status manner.
์‚ฌ๊ณ ๊ฐ€ ๋‚œ ๋’ค์— ์•ˆ์ „ ์ ๊ฒ€์„ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋‹ˆ ๋”ฑ ์†Œ ์žƒ๊ณ  ์™ธ์–‘๊ฐ„ ๊ณ ์น˜๋Š” ๊ฒฉ์ด๋‹ค.
Doing a safety inspection after the accident already happened is exactly like locking the barn door after the horse has bolted.

๊ฒฐ์˜

gyeorui
resolution, determination
์•„๋ฌด๋„ ๋™์ƒ์˜ ๋‹จํ˜ธํ•œ ๊ฒฐ์˜๋ฅผ ๊บพ์ง€ ๋ชปํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
No one could break my younger sibling's firm determination.
์ด๋ฒˆ ํšŒ์˜์—์„œ ๊ฒฐ์˜๊ฐ€ ๋œ ๋‚ด์šฉ์€ ๊ณง ์‹œํ–‰๋  ์˜ˆ์ •์ด๋‹ค.
What was resolved at this meeting will be implemented soon.
๋‚˜๋Š” ์นœ๊ตฌ์™€ ๊ฒฐ์˜๋ฅผ ํ•˜์—ฌ ์˜ํ˜•์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋˜๊ธฐ๋กœ ํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
My friend and I took an oath of brotherhood and decided to become sworn brothers.

๊ฒฐ์˜ํ•˜๋‹ค

gyeoruihada
to resolve, make up one's mind
๋‚˜๋Š” ์‹œ์œ„์— ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•˜๊ธฐ๋กœ ๊ฒฐ์˜ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋‚˜์„ฐ๋‹ค.
I resolved to take part in the protest and set out.
๊ตญํšŒ์—์„œ๋Š” ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์•ˆ๊ฑด ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ํŠน๋ณ„ ์œ„์›ํšŒ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ์„ ๊ฒฐ์˜ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.
The National Assembly resolved to form a special committee to handle the important agenda item.
๋‚˜๋Š” ์œ ๋ฏผ์ด์™€ ๊ฒฐ์˜ํ•ด์„œ ์˜ํ˜•์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค.
Yumin and I took an oath of brotherhood and became sworn brothers.

๊ฒฝ๊ฐ

gyeonggam
alleviation, reduction
ํฐ ํ‰๋…„์ด ๋“ค์ž ์ •๋ถ€๋Š” ๋†๋ถ€๋“ค์˜ ์„ธ๊ธˆ์„ ์ ˆ๋ฐ˜์œผ๋กœ ๊ฒฝ๊ฐ์„ ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.
When a great famine hit, the government reduced farmers' taxes by half.
์ œ๋ณต์„ ์ž…์€ ๊ฒฝ๊ฐ์ด ๋ฉฐ์น  ์ „ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•œ ๊ฐ•๋„ ์‚ฌ๊ฑด ํ˜„์žฅ์„ ๋‘˜๋Ÿฌ๋ณด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค.
A uniformed senior inspector is examining the scene of a robbery that occurred a few days ago.

๊ฒฝ๊ณ„

gyeonggye
boundary, border
๋‘ ๋‚˜๋ผ ์‚ฌ์ด์˜ ๊ฒฝ๊ณ„ ์ง€์—ญ์—๋Š” ๊ตฐ์‚ฌ๋“ค์ด ๋Œ€์น˜ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค.
Soldiers were facing off in the border area between the two countries.
๊ตฐ์‚ฌ๋“ค์ด ๊ฒฝ๊ณ„ ๊ทผ๋ฌด๋ฅผ ์„œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค.
The soldiers were standing guard.

๊ฒฝ๋ก€

gyeongnye
salute, bow
๊ตฐ์ธ๋“ค์€ ์žฅ๊ด€์ด ์ง€๋‚˜๊ฐ€์ž ์ ˆ๋„ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ๊ฒฝ๋ก€๋ฅผ ์˜ฌ๋ ธ๋‹ค.
The soldiers gave a sharp salute as the minister passed by.
์ผ๋™ ์ฐจ๋ ท. ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๊ป˜ ๊ฒฝ๋ก€! ์•ˆ๋…•ํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
Everyone, attention. Salute the teacher! Hello.

๊ฒฝ์œ„

gyeongwi
details, the full account (of what happened)
๊ทธ๋Š” ์ด ์‹œ์œ„์— ์ฐธ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋œ ๊ฒฝ์œ„๋ฅผ ๊ฒฝ์ฐฐ์—๊ฒŒ ์„ค๋ช…ํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
He explained to the police the details of how he came to participate in this protest.
๊ฒฝ์ฐฐ ๋Œ€ํ•™์„ ์กธ์—…ํ•˜๋ฉด ๋ฐ”๋กœ ๊ฒฝ์œ„์— ์ž„์šฉ๋œ๋‹ค.
Once you graduate from the police academy, you're immediately appointed as an inspector.
๋…ธ์ธ์€ ๊ฒฝ์œ„ ์—†์ด ๋ง๋Œ€๋‹ต์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋‚ด๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋ฉฐ ํ˜€๋ฅผ ๋Œ๋Œ ์ฐผ๋‹ค.
The old man clicked his tongue at the man who talked back without any sense of judgment.

๊ณ„์ธต์ 

gyecheungjeok
being hierarchical
๊ฒฝ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋ ค์›Œ์งˆ์ˆ˜๋ก ๊ณ„์ธต์ ์ธ ๊ฒฉ์ฐจ๊ฐ€ ์ปค์ ธ์„œ ๋นˆ๋ถ€ ๊ฒฉ์ฐจ๊ฐ€ ์‹ฌํ•ด์กŒ๋‹ค.
As the economy worsened, the hierarchical gap widened, deepening the divide between rich and poor.
์ธ๋„๋Š” ํƒœ์–ด๋‚  ๋•Œ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์ง€์œ„๊ฐ€ ์ •ํ•ด์ ธ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ณ„์ธต์  ์‚ฌํšŒ์ด๋‹ค.
India is a hierarchical society where one's status is determined from birth.

๊ณ ๋ฌธ

gomun
ancient text
๊ณ ์ „ ๋ฌธํ•™ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์—๋Š” ๋ชจ๋‘ ๊ณ ๋ฌธ์œผ๋กœ ๋œ ์ฑ…์„ ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
In classical literature class, everyone studied books written in ancient text.
๊ทธ๋Š” ํ˜น๋…ํ•œ ๊ณ ๋ฌธ์„ ๋ฐ›์ž ๋ชจ๋“  ๋ฒ”ํ–‰์„ ์ธ์ •ํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
After undergoing brutal torture, he confessed to all his crimes.
๊ธฐ์ˆ  ํ‘œ์ ˆ๋กœ ๊ฑธ๋ฆฐ ํšŒ์‚ฌ์˜ ์†Œ์†ก์„ ๊ณ ๋ฌธ ๋ณ€ํ˜ธ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
The advisory lawyer resolved the lawsuit against the company caught for technology plagiarism.

๊ณ ์„ฑ

goseong
old castle
์œ ๋Ÿฝ์˜ ๊ณ ์„ฑ๋“ค์—์„œ ์ค‘์„ธ ์‹œ๋Œ€์˜ ๊ฑด์ถ• ์–‘์‹์„ ์—ฟ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค.
In Europe's old castles, one could catch a glimpse of medieval architectural style.
์นœ๊ตฌ ๊ฐ„์— ์‚ฌ์†Œํ•œ ์‹œ๋น„๊ฐ€ ์ปค์ ธ์„œ ๊ณ ์„ฑ์„ ์ง€๋ฅด๋Š” ์‹ธ์›€์œผ๋กœ ๋ฒˆ์กŒ๋‹ค.
A trivial dispute between friends escalated into a shouting match.

๊ณ ์ธ

goin
person of old times, the ancients
๊ณ ์„œ๋ฅผ ์ฝ์œผ๋ฉด ๊ทธ ์•ˆ์—์„œ ๊ณ ์ธ์˜ ์ง€ํ˜œ๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์šธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.
If you read old books, you can learn the wisdom of the people of old within them.
์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ฌด๋ค ์•ž์—์„œ ๊ณ ์ธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ช…๋ณต์„ ๋นŒ์—ˆ๋‹ค.
We prayed for the repose of the deceased in front of the grave.

๊ณก์ ˆ

gokjjeol
complications, ups and downs
๋ถ€๋ชจ๋‹˜์˜ ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€์™€ ์‹ ๋ž‘์˜ ๊ตํ†ต์‚ฌ๊ณ  ๋“ฑ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ฒฐํ˜ผ์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ๊ณก์ ˆ์ด ๋งŽ์•˜๋‹ค.
There were many complications in our getting married, like our parents' opposition and the groom's traffic accident.
๋…ธ๋ž˜๋ฐฉ์—์„œ ์นœ๊ตฌ๋“ค๊ณผ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ€๋ฉฐ ๋…ธ๋ž˜ ํ•œ ๊ณก์ ˆ์”ฉ ์‹ ๋‚˜๊ฒŒ ํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
At the karaoke room, my friends and I took turns excitedly singing a tune each.

๊ณต๊ฐœ์ 

gonggaejeok
being public, being open
๊น€ ๋Œ€๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ถ€์žฅ์˜ ๊ณต๊ฐœ์ ์ธ ๋น„๋‚œ์— ๋‚ฏ์ด ๋œจ๊ฑฐ์›Œ์กŒ๋‹ค.
Assistant Manager Kim's face burned with embarrassment at the manager's public criticism.
๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ธฐ์ž ํšŒ๊ฒฌ์„ ์—ด์–ด ๊ตญ๋ฏผ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๊ณต๊ฐœ์  ์‚ฌ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
He held a press conference and made a public apology to the citizens.

๊ณต๊ฒฉ์ 

gonggyeokjjeok
being aggressive, attacking
์žฅ๊ตฐ์€ ๊ณต๊ฒฉ์ ์ธ ์ „์ˆ ์„ ํŽผ์ณ ๊ทธ ์ „์Ÿ์„ ์Šน๋ฆฌ๋กœ ์ด๋Œ์—ˆ๋‹ค.
The general employed aggressive tactics and led the war to victory.
์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๊ตฐ์€ ๊ณต๊ฒฉ์  ์ „์ˆ ๋กœ ์ ๊ตฐ์„ ๋ชฐ์•„๋ƒˆ๋‹ค.
Our army drove out the enemy with aggressive tactics.

๊ณต๊ณ ํ•˜๋‹ค

gonggohada
stable, firm
๋‚˜๋Š” ๋งˆ์Œ์„ ๊ณต๊ณ ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋‹ค์ง€๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ ˆ์— ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ”๋‹ค.
I entered a temple to solidify my resolve firmly.
์‹œ์ฒญ์—์„œ๋Š” ๊ฒŒ์‹œํŒ์— ์—ฌ๋ฆ„ ๋ฐฉํ•™ ์ธํ„ด ๋ชจ์ง‘์„ ๊ณต๊ณ ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.
City Hall announced the summer internship recruitment on the bulletin board.

๊ณต๋ก 

gongnon
public debate
๊ต์œก ์˜ˆ์‚ฐ ๋งˆ๋ จ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ต์œก ์˜์›๋“ค์€ ์—ด์‹ฌํžˆ ๊ณต๋ก ์„ ๋ฒŒ์˜€๋‹ค.
To secure the education budget, the education committee members held an active public debate.
๊ทธ์˜ ์ฑ…์€ ๊ณต๋ก ์„ ๋ฐ”ํƒ•์œผ๋กœ ์“ฐ์—ฌ์„œ ์ ์šฉ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ์—†์—ˆ๋‹ค.
His book was written based on impractical arguments, so it had no applicability.

๊ณต๋ณต

gongbok
public servant
์ •์น˜์ธ์€ ๊ตญ๋ฏผ์˜ ๊ณต๋ณต์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜๋ž์ผ์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.
A politician can be described as a public servant who does the nation's work for the people.
์•„๋ฌด๊ฒƒ๋„ ์•ˆ ๋จน๊ณ  ๊ณต๋ณต์— ์ˆ ์„ ๋งˆ์…จ๋”๋‹ˆ ์†์ด ์“ฐ๋ ธ๋‹ค.
I drank alcohol on an empty stomach without eating anything, and my stomach hurt.

๊ณต์„

gongseok
official gathering
๋‘˜์€ ์นœํ•œ ์‚ฌ์ด์ง€๋งŒ ๊ณต์„์—์„œ๋Š” ์„œ๋กœ ์˜ˆ์˜๋ฅผ ๊ฐ–์ถ”์–ด ํ–‰๋™ํ•œ๋‹ค.
The two are close, but in official settings they behave politely toward each other.
ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์ด ๋‹จ์ฒด๋กœ ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋น ์ ธ ๊ฐ•์˜ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์— ๊ณต์„์ด ๋งŽ์•˜๋‹ค.
Many students skipped class together, so there were many empty seats during the lecture.

๊ณต์Šต

gongseup
sudden raid
์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๊ตฐ์€ ์ ์˜ ๊ณต์Šต์— ๋Œ€๋น„ํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ฒฝ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๋”์šฑ ๊ฐ•ํ™”ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.
Our military strengthened its guard in preparation for a sudden enemy raid.
์  ์ „ํˆฌ๊ธฐ์˜ ๊ณต์Šต์— ์ฃผ๋ฏผ๋“ค์€ ๋ชจ๋‘ ์ง€ํ•˜ ๋Œ€ํ”ผ์†Œ์— ์ˆจ์—ˆ๋‹ค.
During the enemy fighter jets' air raid, all the residents hid in underground shelters.

๊ณต์Šตํ•˜๋‹ค

gongseupada
to make a sudden attack
๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ ์„ ๊ณต์Šตํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ํ•œ๋ฐค์ค‘์— ๋ชฐ๋ž˜ ์ ์ง„์œผ๋กœ ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ”๋‹ค.
They secretly infiltrated enemy lines at midnight to launch a sudden attack.
์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ ์ง„์„ ๊ณต์Šตํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ํญํƒ„๋“ค์„ ์ „ํˆฌ๊ธฐ์— ์‹ค์—ˆ๋‹ค.
We loaded the bombs needed to conduct an air raid on enemy lines onto the fighter jets.

๊ณต์‹์ 

gongsikjjeok
being official
๋Œ€๋ณ€์ธ์€ ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น ์„ ๊ฑฐ์— ์ถœ๋งˆํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๊ณต์‹์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐœํ‘œํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
The spokesperson officially announced that he was running for president.
๋‚˜๋Š” ์–ด์ œ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์ถœ๊ทผ์„ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์ง€๋งŒ ๊ณต์‹์  ์—…๋ฌด๋Š” ๋‹ค์Œ ์ฃผ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•œ๋‹ค.
I started work yesterday, but my official duties begin next week.

๊ณต์•ฝ

gongyak
pledge (political)
์ด๋ฒˆ ์„ ๊ฑฐ์—์„œ ํ›„๋ณด๋“ค์ด ๋‚ด๊ฑด ๊ณต์•ฝ๋“ค์ด ๋‹ค ๋น„์Šท๋น„์Šทํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
The pledges put forward by the candidates in this election were all similar.
๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ์ž๊พธ ๊ณต์•ฝ์„ ๋‚จ๋ฐœํ•ด์„œ ์ด์ œ๋Š” ์•„๋ฌด๋„ ๊ทธ์˜ ๋ง์„ ๋ฏฟ์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค.
He kept making empty promises so often that no one believes him anymore.

๊ณต์•ฝํ•˜๋‹ค

gongyakada
to pledge
๊ทธ๋Š” ๋™๊ณ„ ์˜ฌ๋ฆผํ”ฝ ์œ ์น˜๋ฅผ ๊ณต์•ฝํ–ˆ๊ณ  ๊ทธ ์•ฝ์†์„ ๊ฒฐ๊ตญ ์ง€์ผฐ๋‹ค.
He pledged to host the Winter Olympics, and he ultimately kept that promise.
๋‚˜๋Š” ์ง€ํ‚ค์ง€๋„ ๋ชปํ•  ์ผ์„ ๊ดœํžˆ ๊ณต์•ฝํ–ˆ๋‹ค๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜์ค‘์— ํ›„ํšŒํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
I made a hollow promise about something I couldn't keep, and I regretted it later.

๊ณต์–ธ

gongeon
open declaration
๊ทธ๋Š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ ์•ž์—์„œ ๊ณต์–ธ์„ ํ•ด ๋†“๊ณ  ๊ทธ ๋ง์„ ๋ฒˆ๋ณตํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
He made an open declaration in front of many people but then went back on his word.
๋ฏผ์ค€์ด๋Š” ์ง€์ˆ˜์—๊ฒŒ ๊ฒฐํ˜ผ ์ค€๋น„๊ฐ€ ๋‹ค ๋œ ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๊ณต์–ธ์„ ํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
Minjun made empty claims to Jisu as if the wedding preparations were all done.

๊ณต์–ธํ•˜๋‹ค

gongeonhada
to declare
๋‚˜๋Š” ์นœ์ฒ™๋“ค ์•ž์—์„œ ์˜ฌํ•ด ์•ˆ์— ๋ฐ˜๋“œ์‹œ ๊ฒฐํ˜ผํ•  ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ณต์–ธํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
I declared in front of my relatives that I would definitely get married within the year.
๊ทธ๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค ์•ž์—์„œ ๋นˆ๋ง๋กœ ๊ณต์–ธํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ฆ๊ฒผ๋‹ค.
He enjoyed making empty declarations in front of other people.

๊ณต์šฉ

gongyong
public use, official use
๊น€ ์˜์›์€ ๊ณต์šฉ ์ž๋™์ฐจ๋ฅผ ๊ฐœ์ธ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ–ˆ๋‹ค๊ฐ€ ์–ธ๋ก ์˜ ๋น„๋‚œ์„ ๋ฐ›์•˜๋‹ค.
Assemblyman Kim was criticized by the press for using an official car for personal purposes.
์•„ํŒŒํŠธ ์ฃผ๋ฏผ๋“ค์€ ๊ณต์šฉ ํ…ƒ๋ฐญ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๊ณต๋™์ฒด ์˜์‹์„ ๋А๊ผˆ๋‹ค.
Apartment residents felt a sense of community through the shared garden.

๊ณต์ต

gongik
public interest (shared interest)
๊น€ ํšŒ์žฅ์€ ๋งˆ์„ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์˜ ๊ณต์ต์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ผ์ด๋ผ๋ฉด ๋Š˜ ๋จผ์ € ์•ž์žฅ์„ฐ๋‹ค.
Chairman Kim always took the lead first when it came to work for the villagers' shared interest.
์ผ๋ถ€ ์˜์‚ฌ ๋‹จ์ฒด๊ฐ€ ๊ณต์ต์„ ์ €๋ฒ„๋ฆฐ ์ฑ„ ๋Œ€๊ทœ๋ชจ ํŒŒ์—…์— ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ”๋‹ค.
Some doctors' groups went on a large-scale strike, abandoning the public interest.

๊ณต์ธ

gongin
public figure
์•„๋ฒ„์ง€๊ป˜์„œ๋Š” ๊ณต๋ฌด์›์œผ๋กœ์„œ ํ•ญ์ƒ ๊ณต์ธ์˜ ์˜๋ฌด๋ฅผ ์ง€ํ‚ค๋ฉฐ ์‚ด์•„์˜ค์…จ๋‹ค.
As a civil servant, my father has always lived by fulfilling the duties of a public figure.
๊ทธ๋Š” ํŒ€์„ ์šฐ์Šน์œผ๋กœ ์ด๋Œ๋ฉด์„œ ์ตœ๊ณ  ์„ ์ˆ˜๋กœ ๊ณต์ธ์„ ๋ฐ›์•˜๋‹ค.
By leading his team to the championship, he received public recognition as the best player.
๊ทธ ์ž๊ฒฉ์ฆ์€ ์ •๋ถ€๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๊ณต์ธ์„ ๋ฐ›์€ ์ „๋ฌธ ๊ธฐ๊ด€์—์„œ ๋ฐœ๊ธ‰ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค.
That certificate was issued by a professional institution that has received official recognition from the government.

๊ณต์ธ๋˜๋‹ค

gongindoeda
to be officially authorized
์šฐ๋ฆฌ ํ˜‘ํšŒ๋Š” ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์ •์‹์œผ๋กœ ๊ณต์ธ๋œ ๋‹จ์ฒด์ด๋‹ค.
Our association is an organization officially authorized by the state.
์„ธ๊ณ„์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ผ๋ฅ˜๋ผ๊ณ  ๊ณต์ธ๋œ ํ…Œ๋„ˆ๋“ค์ด ํ•œ๊ตญ์—์„œ ๊ณต์—ฐ์„ ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค.
Tenors publicly recognized as world-class came to perform in Korea.

๊ณต์ธํ•˜๋‹ค

gonginhada
to authorize officially
ํ™ˆ๋ฑ…ํ‚น์œผ๋กœ ์†ก๊ธˆํ•˜๋ ค๋ฉด ์ •๋ถ€์—์„œ ๊ณต์ธํ•œ ์ธ์ฆ์„œ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค.
To transfer money via home banking, you need a certificate officially authorized by the government.
๊ทธ๋Š” ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๊ณต์ธํ•œ ๋†์—… ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€์ด๋‹ค.
He is an agricultural expert publicly recognized by many people.

๊ณต์ 

gongjeok
public, official (matter)
๊ตญํšŒ ์˜์›์˜ ๊ณต์•ฝ์€ ์‹œ๋ฏผ๊ณผ์˜ ๊ณต์ ์ธ ์•ฝ์†์ด๋‹ค.
A legislator's pledge is a public promise to the citizens.
์ •๋ถ€๋Š” ๊ธˆ์œต๊ถŒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ณต์  ๊ทœ์ œ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ•ํ™”ํ•  ๋ฐฉ์นจ์ด๋‹ค.
The government plans to strengthen public regulation of the financial sector.
์ •๋ถ€์—์„œ๋Š” ์ด์ˆœ์‹  ์žฅ๊ตฐ์˜ ๊ณต์ ์„ ๊ธฐ๋ฆฌ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ธฐ๋…๊ด€์„ ๊ฑด๋ฆฝํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.
The government built a memorial hall to honor General Yi Sun-sin's accomplishments.
Practice for free in the app โ†’